• Title/Summary/Keyword: wave-by-wave method

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A Study on the Character Type and Image-telling in Drama (<미스터 션샤인>의 인물유형과 이미지텔링)

  • Jo, Mi-Sook
    • Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.73-85
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    • 2020
  • This paper analyzes the types of characters in the drama by applying Gremas's Actantial model and Enneagram's character typology and examines how they are shaped. As the Korean Wave is important, it is necessary to study the type of characters and how to describe them. Character is the most important factor in the influence of drama. As a result of applying to the Actantial model, and the following results were obtained. The main subjects are Yu-jin Choi and Ko Ae-sin, the Helpers are many people helping the subject, the opponent is the pro-Japanese figures, the Sender is Gojong, and the recivers are the people of Joseon. Analysis results by personality type of Enneagram, it was found that the subjects are 3 and 5 type, the Helpers are various types, the opponent is 3 type, the Sender is 5 type, and the receivers all types. In the method of describing the subject, internal description (direct description) is used, and the other is only formed by indirect description. Some of the Helpers and the Sender are used an image-telling method to show the inside. However, the opponent is image-telling only to show indirectly. As a result, it was possible to confirm the differences and effects on the method of image-telling by character type.

Does the Obesity Paradox Exist in Cognitive Function?: Evidence from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 2006-2016 (인지기능에 비만 역설은 존재하는가?: 고령화연구패널자료(2006-2016)를 이용하여)

  • Kang, Kyung Sik;Lee, Yongjae;Park, Sohee;Kimm, Heejin;Chung, Woojin
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.493-504
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    • 2020
  • Background: There have been many studies on the associations between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function. However, no study has ever compared the associations across the methods of categorizing BMI. In this study, we aimed to fill the gap in the previous studies and examine whether the obesity paradox is valid in the risk of cognitive function. Methods: Of the 10,254 people aged 45 and older from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing from 2006 to 2016, 8,970 people were finalized as the study population. The dependent variable was whether a person has a normal cognitive function or not, and the independent variables of interest were BMI categorized by the World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office (WHO-WPRO) method, the WHO method, and a 10-group method. Covariates included sociodemographic factors, health behavior factors, and health status factors. A generalized linear mixed model analysis with a logit link was used. Results: In the adjusted model with all covariates, first, in the case of BMI categories of the WHO-WPRO method, underweight (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.17), overweight (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.35-1.36), and obese (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.33-1.34) groups were more likely to have a normal cognitive function than a normal-weight group. Next, in the case of BMI categories of the WHO method, compared to a normal-weight group, underweight (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.14-1.16) and overweight (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.06-1.07) groups were more likely to have a normal cognitive function; however, obese (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.61-0.63) group was less likely to have it. Lastly, in the case of the 10-group method, as BMI increased, the likelihood to have a normal cognitive function changed like a wave, reaching a global top at group-7 (26.5 kg/㎡ ≤ BMI <28.0 kg/㎡). Conclusion: The associations between BMI and cognitive function differed according to how BMI was categorized among people aged 45 and older in Korea, which suggests that cognitive function may be positively associated with BMI in some categories of BMI but negatively in its other categories. Health policies to reduce cognitive impairment need to consider this association between BMI and cognitive function.

Flow Noise Analysis of Ship Pipes using Lattice Boltzmann Method (격자볼츠만기법을 이용한 선박 파이프내 유동소음해석)

  • Beom-Jin Joe;Suk-Yoon Hong;Jee-Hun Song
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.512-519
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    • 2023
  • Noise pollution poses significant challenges to human well-being and marine ecosystems. It is primarily caused by the flow around ships and marine installations, emphasizing the need for accurate noise evaluation of flow noise to ensure environmental safety. Existing flow noise analysis methods for underwater environments typically use a hybrid method combining computational fluid dynamics and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings acoustic analogy. However, this approach has limitations, neglecting near-field effects such as reflection, scattering, and diffraction of sound waves. In this study, an alternative using direct method flow noise analysis via the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is incorporated. The LBM provides a more accurate representation of the underwater structural boundaries and acoustic wave effects. Despite challenges in underwater environments due to numerical instabilities, a novel DM-TS LBM collision operator has been developed for stable implementations for hydroacoustic applications. This expands the LBM's applicability to underwater structures. Validation through flow noise analysis in pipe orifice demonstrates the feasibility of near-field analysis, with experimental comparisons confirming the method's reliability in identifying main pressure peaks from flow noise. This supports the viability of near-field flow noise analysis using the LBM.

Experimental Study on Position Control System Using Encoderless Magnetic Motion (엔코더리스 마그넷 모션을 이용한 위치제어에 대한 리니어모터 실험적 연구)

  • Kim, Hong-youn;Yun, Young-Min;Shim, Ho-Keun;Kwon, Young-Mok;Heo, Hoon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2016
  • A position control system composed of the PMLSM(Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor), unlike conventional linear permanent magnet synchronous motor is fixed to the permanent magnet moving coil rails (permanent magnet = stator, coil = mover), the coil is fixed, moving the permanent magnet, we propose a position control system (permanent magnet = mover, coil = stator) structure. Position is measured not using conventional encoder or resolver but by adopting vector control method using 2 hall sensors generating rectangular signal. This method estimate the velocity and position of mover by using the quadruple of two hall sensor signal instead of encoder signal. Vector control of PMLSM using 2 hall sensor generating rectangular wave is proved to control the system stable and efficiently through simulation. Also hardware experiment reveals that the position control performance is measured within the range of $30{\sim}50{\mu}m$ in the accuracy of $10{\sim}20{\mu}m$, which is improved twice to the conventional method. The proposed method exhibits its economical efficiency and practical usefulness. The vector control technique using two hall sensors can be installed in narrow place, accordingly it can be implemented on the system where the conventional encoder or resolver cannot operate.

Site Characteristics Around the Gongsansung Circular Pond in Gongju Based on the Seismic Methods (탄성파탐사를 이용한 공주 공산성 원형연못의 지반조사)

  • Oh, Jin-Yong;Suh, Man-Cheol
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.38 no.6 s.175
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    • pp.623-631
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    • 2005
  • We applied the seismic method to investigate the site characteristics around the Circular Pond (top diameter 7.3 m, bottom diameter 3 m, and depth 4.78 m) at the Ssangsujung Park within the Gongsansung in Gongju. Previous excavations for the cultural assets beneath the Ssangsujung Park disclosed the assumed site of the Palace of the Beakje Dynasty and the Circular Pond containing the Bakje relics. We demonstrated that the seismic prospecting can be applicable to delineate the underground structure around the cultural properties by the three kinds of seismic approaches: walk-away test, conventional refraction method, and equal-distance refraction survey. The last method which is designed by this work ran detect the I-W variations of seismic velocity in the subsurface medium across the Circular Pond on the basis of the difference of the P-wave arrival times between the 1-m-spacing 24 geophones and the corresponding 24 shots parallel with the geophone profile. From the combined results, prominent three-layer velocity structure is observed around the Circular Pond. The bottom layer is interpreted as the basement rock which is exposed near the Ssangsujung whereas the upper layer with relatively lower velocities is interpreted to be the artificial covering. The basement depth beneath the Circular Pond is deeper than the norhern area. The western basement of Circular Pond has the thicker weaker layer compared with the eastern part. Thus, the middle layer could be constructed as the artificial foundation during the Beakje Dynasty. Consequently, the Kong-sansung Circular Pond is possibly built upwardly rather than digging.

A Study on the Monitoring Method of Ship Hull and Propeller Performance by Operating Ship (선체 및 프로펠러 성능 모니터링 방법 실선 적용을 통한 고찰)

  • KIM, Dong-Hyun;JUNG, Bong-Kyu;HAN, Seung-Jae
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 2020
  • This study analyzes the results of applying the ISO19030 (hull and propeller performance monitoring method) standard to an actual 178 k bulk vessel. Recently, there have been many attempts to apply various energy reduction solutions to vessels to continuously strengthen GHG reduction regulations and secure maritime competitiveness. However, it is not easy to quantitatively analyze the performance of a ship. To resolve these problems, shipping companies, marine paint companies, ship owners, and transportation associations have appointed specialists and standardized the ISO19030 (standard of hull and propeller performance monitoring method) guidelines in 2016 after three years of continuous review. The ISO19030 standard provides methods to monitor hull and propeller performance quantitatively through standardized procedures, thus allowing ship managers to arrive at informed decisions for hull and propeller maintenance, and to evaluate energy-saving solutions and ship-maintenance efficiency. The ISO19030 standard provides a method of analyzing the ship's own performance by collecting the ship's operation and agency data and correcting its environmental and operating factors. In this paper, we apply the ISO19030 standard to three actual ships and propose the ISO19030 application result and the improvement point of the current ISO19030 standard.

Real-time Vibration Control of Bridges by MR damper and Lyapunov Control Algorithm (MR댐퍼 및 Lyapunov제어알고리즘을 이용한 교량 구조물의 실시간 진동제어)

  • Heo, Gwang-Hee;Jeon, Joon-Ryong;Park, Seung-Bum;Oh, Sung-Keun
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.55-61
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    • 2010
  • This paper is concerned with an experimental research to random vibration control caused by external loads specially in bridges which tend to be structurally flexible. Experimenting on a reduced structure modelled on Seohae Grand Bridge, we inflicted a reduced form of El-centro wave on the model structure to a proper proportion. On the center of its middle span, we placed a shear type MR damper which was to control its vibration and also acquire its structural responses such as displacement and acceleration at the same site. The experiments concerning controlling vibration were performed according to a variety of theories including un-control, passive on/off control, and Lyapunov stability theory. Its control performance was evaluated in terms of the peak absolute displacements, the peak absolute accelerations and the total power required to control the bridge which differ from each different experiment method. Among all the methods applied in this paper, case of Lyapunov control method turned out to be the most effective to reduces of displacement and acceleration. Also, this method could to decrease consuming of external power for vibration control. Finally, it was noteworthy that Lyapunov control method was specially effective in the vibration control employing a semi-active damper such MR damper.

A Study on the Indirect Benefits of Undergrounding Overhead Power Line Projects in an Urban Area Using Contingent Valuation Method (조건부가치측정법(CVM)을 이용한 도심지 송전선로 지중화사업의 간접편익 추정)

  • Park, Chan-Ho;Kim, Sung-Keun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.28 no.6D
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    • pp.871-879
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    • 2008
  • Recently, as there are a rise in the standard of living and higher concerns of an electromagnetic wave and environment, undergrounding the aerial cables which are supported by large pylons and generally considered as the least attractive feature of an urban area is on an increasing trend to improve aesthetic benefits and electric reliability. This study applied Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) which is expected to become an effective tool to measure indirect benefit to estimate the substantial benefits of undergrounding overhead power line projects in an urban area. The tunneling construction project of the 345kV Shinsungnam electric power cable in Seongnam city was selected and a hypothetical scenario was given to respondents to determine their levels of Willingness to Pay (WTP) for undergrounding overhead power lines. The result from the estimation of the WTP of undergrounding overhead power lines in Seongnam city was calculated as approximately 17.1 billion won. Placing existing overhead lines underground is difficult to justify economically. Most undergrounding costs appear to be justified by aesthetic and public policy considerations. Therefore, considering the result of this study, undergrounding overhead power lines is of great benefit to public.

Analysis of Seismic Velocity Change and AVO Response Depending on Saturation of Kerogen and GOR in Shale Reservoirs (셰일 저류층에서 케로젠, GOR 변화에 따른 속도 변화 및 AVO 반응 분석)

  • Choi, Junhwan;Lee, Jaewook;Byun, Joongmoo;Kim, Bona;Kim, Soyoung
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 2016
  • Recently, the studies about rock physics model (RPM) in shale reservoir are widely performed. In shale reservoir, the degree of the maturity can be estimated by kerogen and GOR (Gas-Oil Ratio). The researches on the rock physics model of shale reservoir with the amount of kerogen have been actively carried out but not with GOR. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the changes in seismic velocity and density, and AVO (Amplitude Variation with Offset) response depending on changes in GOR and the amount of kerogen. Since the shale consists of plate-like particles, it has vertical transverse isotropy (VTI). Therefore we estimated the seismic velocity and density by using Backus averaging method and analyzed AVO responses based on these estimated properties. The results of analysis showed that the changes in the velocity with the GOR variation are small but the velocity changes with the variation in kerogen amount are relatively larger. In case, GOR 180 (Litre/Litre) which is boundary between heavy oil and light oil, when volume fraction of kerogen increased from 5% to 35%, the P-wave velocity normal to the layering increased 51%. That is, it helps estimating maturity of kerogen through the velocity. Meanwhile, when rates of oil-gas mixture are large, the effect of GOR variation on the velocity change became larger. In case volume fraction of kerogen is 5%, the P-wave velocity normal to the layering was estimated $1.46km/s^2$ in heavy oil (GOR 40) but $1.36km/s^2$ in light oil (GOR 300). The AVO responses analysis showed class 4 regardless of the GOR and amount of kerogen because variation of poisson's ratio is small. Therefore, shale reservoir has possibility to have class 4.

Preliminary Study on the Development of a Performance Based Design Platform of Vertical Breakwater against Seismic Activity - Centering on the Weakened Shear Modulus of Soil as Shear Waves Go On (직립식 방파제 성능기반 내진 설계 Platform 개발을 위한 기초연구 - 전단파 횟수 누적에 따른 지반 강도 감소를 중심으로)

  • Choi, Jin Gyu;Cho, Yong Jun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.306-318
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    • 2018
  • In order to evaluate the seismic capacity of massive vertical type breakwaters which have intensively been deployed along the coast of South Korea over the last two decades, we carry out the preliminary numerical simulation against the PoHang, GyeongJu, Hachinohe 1, Hachinohe 2, Ofunato, and artificial seismic waves based on the measured time series of ground acceleration. Numerical result shows that significant sliding can be resulted in once non-negligible portion of seismic energy is shifted toward the longer period during its propagation process toward the ground surface in a form of shear wave. It is well known that during these propagation process, shear waves due to the seismic activity would be amplified, and non-negligible portion of seismic energy be shifted toward the longer period. Among these, the shift of seismic energy toward the longer period is induced by the viscosity and internal friction intrinsic in the soil. On the other hand, the amplification of shear waves can be attributed to the fact that the shear modulus is getting smaller toward the ground surface following the descending effective stress toward the ground surface. And the weakened intensity of soil as the number of attacking shear waves are accumulated can also contribute these phenomenon (Das, 1993). In this rationale, we constitute the numerical model using the model by Hardin and Drnevich (1972) for the weakened shear modulus as shear waves go on, and shear wave equation, in the numerical integration of which $Newmark-{\beta}$ method and Modified Newton-Raphson method are evoked to take nonlinear stress-strain relationship into account. It is shown that the numerical model proposed in this study could duplicate the well known features of seismic shear waves such as that a great deal of probability mass is shifted toward the larger amplitude and longer period when shear waves propagate toward the ground surface.