• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.73-78
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• 2001

Hair will be persuit of beautifulness of human being in various permanent wave by many kinds of its drugs. Skin is based upon the hair which enroll the body of high living animals and have multiple membrane structure In this study used rat the effects of commercial permanent wave products to skin which are composed with L- cysteine and bases Results are as follow: the content of penetration 4 hors later with steady state and no significant changeable after 20 hours later. In cysteine groups, lag time and permeability coefficient of healthy skin is 2.22hr and 0.13$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ hr, lag time and permeability coefficient of old skin is 4.01 hr and 0.108 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ hr . In conclusion of study lag time and permeability coefficient in old skin and wounded skin are faster than healthy skin. We notified that fine rinkle and rash of skin were changeable in the case of treating with permanent wave drugs than normal skin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.138-138
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• 2010

X-ray systems for medical treatment use noninvasive procedures. I fabricated a high tension generator of a full-wave rectification type using a LC resonant inviter. It is said that a full-wave rectifying X-ray equipment such as the fabricated system can shorten initiating period and be precision control because of stable output, compared with the X-ray equipment of a half wave rectifying type used in the usual clinical medicine. In order to evaluate the capability of the fabricated high tension generator, I performed exposure dose characteristics experiments.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.280-285
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• 2000

It is very important to evaluate the surface or subsurface microstructure because of their influences on mechanical properties of materials. Surface SH-wave which is horizontally polarized shear wave traveling along near surface and subsurface layer is an attractive technique for material evaluation. The destructive method is widely used for the estimation of material degradation but it has a great difficulty in preparing specimens from in-service industrial facilities. In this study, nondestructive evaluation for degraded structural materials used at high temperature though surface SH-wave method is discussed. 2.25Cr-1Mo steel specimens which were prepared by the isothermal aging heat treatment at $650^{\circ}$ were evaluated though ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation techniques investigating the change of sound velocity, attenuation coefficient and amplitude spectra. In addition, it has verified experimentally the frequency-dependence of attenuation coefficient though wavelet analysis method.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.219-227
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• 2015

This study aims to propose a method to reduce hair damage after investigating the following: the factors which vary depending on hair treatment conditions; the degree of hair damage in the bleached sample; and an analysis of the effects of a perm on wave formation. To determine the effects of these treatment types, hair bleach was mixed with the hair treatment, and hair damage and formation of permanent waves were examined. Using a scanning electron microscope, in addition, morphological changes were analyzed and the following results were obtained: After mixing natural powder(2.5g) and hair cream(2.5g) and bleaching the mixture, it was compared to the scale structure of untreated hair. When 5g of natural powder was mixed and bleached, a clear layer was observed among cuticle scales, showing the effects of hair treatment. Therefore, this confirms that the effects of hair treatment were most notable when grain powder was mixed with hair cream. Once hair is damaged, it is almost impossible to regain its original state. When chemical agents are used, therefore, it is important to consider the possible hair damage they cause.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.234-239
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• 2011

Transcranial magnetic stimulation utilizes the method of controlling applied time and changing pulse by output pulse through power density control for diagnosis purposes. Transcranial magnetic stimulation can also be used in cases where diagnosis and treatment are difficult since output pulse shape can be changed. As intensity, pulse range, and pulse shape of the stimulation pulse must be changed according to lesion, the existing sine wave-shaped stimulation treatment pulse poses limitations in achieving various treatments and diagnosis. This study actualized a new method of transcranial magnetic stimulation that applies a 3 Stage 2 Switch( power semiconductor 2EA) for controlling pulse repetition rate by achieving numerous switching control of stimulation coil. Intensity, pulse range, and pulse shape of output can be freely changed to transform various treatment pulses in order to overcome limitations in stimulation treatment presented by the previous sine wave pulse shape. The method of freely changing pulse range by using 3 Stage 2 Switch discharge method is proposed. Pulse shape, composed of various pulse ranges, was created by grafting PFN (Pulsed Forming Network) through AVR AT80S8535 one-chip microprocessor technology, and application in transcranial magnetic stimulation was achieved to study the output characteristics of stimulation treatment pulse according to delaying time of the trigger signal applied in section switch.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.506-514
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• 2007

In this study, carrot juice was treated with high voltage pulsed electric fields (PEF) and the changes in its physical and chemical properties during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The sterility fur bacteria, yeast and mold in carrot juice increased with increasing electric field strength and treatment temperature. While yeast and mold were completely inactivated at 65kV/cm with a treatment time of $200{\mu}s$ in a continuous PEF treatment system, bacteria were reduced by four log cycles. The results also showed that square wave pulse treatment was more effective for inactivating microorganisms than exponential decay pulse, and this effect was more apparent for carrot juice of lower pH. Although we observed significant changes in physical and chemical properties such as soluble solid content, pH, acidity, color, and carotene retention when the PEF treated samples were stored at the ambient temperature $(20^{\circ}C)$, no significant physical and chemical changes were found at the cold storage temperature $(4^{\circ}C)$ during 28 days of storage. The results indicate that the PEF treated carrot juice is appropriate for commercial refrigerated storage.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.271-275
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• 2016

Purpose: A limited number of studies have examined the link between F-wave abnormalities and clinical presentation in pediatric Guillain-$Barr{\acute{e}}$ syndrome (GBS). Therefore, this study examined the importance of F-wave abnormalities as a prognostic factor in pediatric GBS patients. Methods: The records and electrodiagnostic studies (EDS) of 70 GBS patients were retrospectively evaluated, and divided into 2 groups according to the results of EDS. Group A (n=33) presented with F-wave abnormalities, and group B (n=26) exhibited normal findings. We compared laboratory reports, clinical features, response to treatment, and prognosis between the 2 groups. Results: Motor weakness was the most frequently observed symptom for either group. Clinically, the incidence of fever and upper respiratory symptoms differed between the 2 groups, while the prevalence of abnormal deep tendon reflex (DTR) was significantly higher in group A than B (P<0.05). Patients diagnosed with GBS had received intravenous immunoglobulin treatment: 94% in group A and 58% in group B. Furthermore, significantly greater numbers of patients in group A showed H-reflex abnormalities and poor prognosis compared with group B (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that F-waves are a clinically important prognostic factor in GBS. F-wave abnormalities were associated with abnormal DTR and poor prognosis in patients. Limited studies have examined the link between F-wave abnormalities and clinical results; therefore, further randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the clinical characteristics and efficacy of treatments.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.272-277
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• 2001

Electrocardiograms in rats fed diets with boiled eggs for 30 days was investigated. Amplitudes of P,Q and R waves were not significant differences among treatment groups. Amplitude of S wave in rats fed the diet with 95% boiled eggs was significantly tended to be increased compared with other groups(P<0.05). Amplitude of T wave in the rats fed the diet with 0% boiled eggs showed the highest values, and there were significant difference among treatment groups fed diets with 0% boiled eggs, 25% and 95% boiled eggs (P<0.05). Durations of P and PQ(PR) waves were high in the rats fed diets with 25% and 50% boiled eggs (P<0.05). Duration of QRS complex showed low in the rats fed diet 0% boiled eggs but not significant difference among treatment groups. Duration of QT was high in the rats fed diet with 0% boiled eggs(P<0.05). This result is assumed that electrocardiograms in the rats is not changed to intake the boiled eggs.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

This is a case report about left leg radiating pain treated with complex traditional Korean medical intervention, while the case did not responded to prolotherapy and extracorporeal shock wave treatment for lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD). The patient was diagnosed with a piriformis problem after a physical examination and was treated with lumbar and piriformis muscle treatment. After 9 sessions of treatment for 33 days, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain has been decreased from 8 to 3. Further studies with more cases and longer observation period should be conducted to provide evidence for optimum acupuncture procedure considering its effectiveness, safety and patients' compliance altogether.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.554-560
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• 2022

Background Hypertrophic scars cause aesthetic concerns and negatively affect the quality of life. A gold standard treatment for hypertrophic scars has not been established due to various responses of modalities. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a noninvasive and affects scar remodeling by fibroblast regulation. This study investigated the effectiveness of ESWT for hypertrophic scars. Methods Twenty-nine patients were enrolled. All patients underwent ESWT once a week for 6 consecutive weeks. Their scars were assessed using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), erythema index, melanin index, and scar pliability before treatment and again 4 weeks after treatment completion. Results Thirty-four hypertrophic scars in this study had persisted for between 6 months and 30 years. Most scars developed after surgical incision (55.88%). The chest and upper extremities were the predominant areas of occurrence (35.29% each). Most of the POSAS subscales and total scores were significantly improved 4 weeks after treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the pain, itching, and pigmentation subscale were improved. The pliability, melanin index, and erythema index were also improved, but without significance. The patients were satisfied with the results and symptoms alleviation, although subjective score changes were insignificant. No serious adverse events were found. The patients reported pruritus in 62.5% and good pain tolerance in 37.5%. Subgroup analyses found no differences in scar etiologies or properties at different parts of the body. Conclusion The ESWT is a modality for hypertrophic scar treatment with promising results. Most of POSAS subscales were significantly improved.