• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.117-118
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.521-528
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• 2005

This study has been conducted to investigate the potential energy reserve amount of river water as energy resource with useful temperature difference. Since the river water temperature is one of the primary parameters deciding the potential amount of river water energy reserve amount, the climate change effects on it are critically important. In this study, the heat exchange processes and the inter-relationship between the air temperature and river water temperature have been theoretically analyzed. Based on the present study, the potential energy reserve of river water is calculated to amount to 192,000 Tcal/year. Among this, it is estimated that approximately 2,000 Tcal/year can be directly utilized for heat pump energy sources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.175-176
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• 2009

Energy saving and environment-friendly dyeing method of cotton with reactive dyes is the ultra low liquor ratio dyeing because it reduces the total quantity of water, dye, salt and alkali during the dyeing process in the effluent as well as the energy consumption. However, this method may not guarantee the quality of the dyeing results due to the specs or unlevel dyeing depending upon the dyes used. The study has focused on the effect of leveling agents in the dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes under the ultra low liquor ratio (1:5). Especially Sunfix N/B MF-D which was selected for ULLR showed low-leveled dyeing comparing with the other MF-D series. A leveling agent having polycarbonate structure increased LDF values of Sunfix N/B MF-D without changing of dyeing fastness. We recommend some leveling agents to improve the leveling behavior for ULLR dyeing.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.261-271
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• 2009

Deep sea water exists at depths of over 200m under the sea. As no sunlight reaches it, photosynthesis does not take place within it, and it contains no organic matter. In addition, its temperature is maintained at a stable low level throughout the year, so it does not get mixed with the sea water on the surface. It contains a large amount of nutritious salts, whose cleanness is maintained. It is a marine resource that has matured for a long period of time. Research into deep sea water, which started in the 1970s, has been made around the whole world, including the USA and Japan. In Korea, research has been active in this area since 2000. As there has been a good amount of research into industrial applications for deep sea water, since 1993, patents for the relevant technologies have been applied. This paper intends to provide a resource to researchers of deep sea water, by summarizing of all domestic deep sea water-related patents applied with Korean Intellectual Property Office from 1993 to 2008. This research was conducted using a computer and KIPRIS Database owned by the Korea Institute of Patent Information. 'Deep sea water' was used as the search keyword. A total of 222 Korean patents relating to deep sea water have been registered on the basis of IPC. Of these, 126 patents relate to the manufacturing and the treatment of foods, foodstuffs, or non-alcoholic beverages(A23L), while 50 patents relate to the production for medical, dental, or cosmetic purposes(A61K). 38 patents relate to water purification, treatment of wastewater, sewage and sludge (C02F), while 8 patents relate to fishery and farming(A01K). In summary, it was found that studies for the practical use of deep sea water have been conducted in relation to the manufacturing and the treatment of foods, foodstuffs, beverages, and cosmetics.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.155-162
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• 2008

The seawater in the Taean area was surveyed to evaluate the conditions of the bay and compliance with the bacteriological criteria for a designated area for shellfish production for export. Samples of seawater were collected monthly at 34 sampling stations established in the survey area from January 2002 to December 2004. The bacterial density in the coastal area close to a pollution source located to the northeast of the survey area was higher than in the open sea to the west. The bacteriological counts in the water did not change with 16.5mm of rainfall, but increased abruptly after 65.4mm of rainfall. The total coliform and fecal coliform most probable numbers (MPNs) of 1,224 seawater samples in the survey area were <1.8-2,400 and <1.8-790 MPN/100 mL, respectively. The geometric mean and estimated 90th percentile of total coliforms were 1.9-3.4 and 2.7-26.3 MPN/100mL, respectively, and for fecal coliforms were <1.8-2.6 and 1.8-12.0 MPN/100mL, respectively. The bacteriological water quality in the Taean seawater area met the National Shellfish Sanitation Program criteria for an approved area and the Korea Shellfish Sanitation Program criteria for a designated area for shellfish production for export.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2004

To verify the characteristics of deep ocean water, oceanographic observation and qualitative analysis were carried out from March of 2001 to February of 2002. Spatiotemporal variation of water quality of deep ocean water were discussed from survey results around development site and along northeastern coastal sea of Korean peninsular. Vertical distribution of water temperature and salinity were measured, and sampled seawater were analyzed in order to determine the definition of deep ocean water resource and the position of intake device for supplying qualified deep ocean water resource.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Baiyangdian Lake, the largest freshwater lake in North China, is known as 'Pearl of North China' and 'kidney of North China' fur its abundant products and multiple ecological services. However, from the 1970s, due to the ever-increasing discharge of polluted water from upstream rivers, it has been severely polluted. Sediment Investigation and analysis were conducted on contents of heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) from Baiyangdian Lake in June 2004. Results showed that pollution situation at downriver regions are more serious than that of upstream regions. The seriously polluted spots are access of Fuhe River, original wastewater reservoir of Tanghe River, densely populated Chunshui Village and Wangjiazhai Village. By using method of the potential ecological risk assessment, the heavy metal evaluation of polluted sediment has been conducted. The results showed that the contents of Cd and Pb were very high in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake. There were extremely stronger ecological risk for Cd and slight- medium ecological risk for Pd. According to the current situation of Baiyangdian Lake, countermeasures and suggestions have been put forward.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2016

Water management information system used by KRC(Korea Rural Community Corporation) operates widely including RIMS, RAWRIS and etc. Other systems are operated by each government department, for example, K-water(Korea Water Resources Corporation)'s WAMIS. Even though small scale reservoirs managed by city/country is just about 12% of total water resource, the reservoirs are important for controlling and securing water resource as the reservoirs, including about 14,700 reservoirs nationwide, are located at main subwater shed. So, it is necessary for KRC to execute integrated informatization. In this research, system analysis was performed to comprise the integrated water management information system including the reservoirs controlled by city and country at first. And then, improvement plan for informatization of the reservoirs controlled by city and country was proposed. This study proposed the improvement plan for informatization of the reservoirs managed by the city and country, which was systematically proposed through systemic analysis including from reservoir site to the integrated water management information system. The objects includes 1. Reservoir (basin, facilities, water depth-area curve, benefiter area), 2. Field supervision organization for the reservoir 3. Local government administrative organization, 4. Center organization 5. Network for information transfer, 6. integrated water management information system. As the reservoirs controlled by city and country are important considering managing water and facilities, operated by local government with minimum budget due to budget problem, securing sufficient budget is necessary to form an specialized organization controlling facilities and the water management system in terms of drought and flood control.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.509-513
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• 2018

Present study was performed to survey infection status of digenetic trematode metacercariae in 2 alien fish species, Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) and Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill), in 2 rivers draining Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea. A total of 107 largemouth bass and 244 bluegills were caught in Daecheong-ho (ho=lake) and Musim-cheon (a branch of Geum-gang), in Chungcheongbuk-do April-July 2015. Additionally, 68 native fish of 5 species, i.e., Zacco platypus, Hemibarbus longirostris, Carassius auratus, Pseudogobio esocinus and Puntungia herzi, were caught from the same water bodies. All of the fish collected were examined by artificial digestion method. The metacercariae of Centrocestus armatus, Clinostomum complanatum, Metagonimus sp. and Diplostomum spp. were detected from 4 out of 5 native fish species in Daecheong-ho. However, any metacercariae were not found from 87 M. salmoides and 177 L. macrochirus in Daecheong-ho. In Musim-cheon, metacercariae of Exorchis oviformis and Metacercaria hasegawai were detected from 78% Z. platypus and 34% L. macrochirus, but any metacercariae not found in M. salmoides. We report here that the 2 alien fish species were less infected with the metacercariae than the native ones. Surveys on the metacercariae in the alien fish species in geographically various rivers should be undertaken for better understanding on the role of alien fish species in the trematode infections in Republic of Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.627-634
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• 2016

We investigated the characteristics of heavy metal desorption and recovery from carbon foam after plating wastewater treatment. The heavy metal desorption depends on solution chemistry because desorption occurred in HCl and $H_2SO_4 $ solution but did not occur in distilled water. Heavy metal desorption efficiency was increased using ultrasonication with desorption solution. The higher ultrasonic power and the longer reaction time improve efficiency. The copper plating rinse solution was treated reliably by carbon foam adsorbent during 200 bed volume. The adsorbed copper was dissolved using desorption solution and recovered by DC power supply. After copper recovery, the reuse efficiency of desorption solution was 84.2%.