• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.520-528
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• 2006

Free amino acids in epidermis function as a major component of Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF), which maintains the optimal level of water in skin even at the low humidity. In fact, the depletion of free amino acids is reported in the epidermis of atopic dermatitis, the skin condition involving dryness. As an effort searching the dietary source for improving the level of water and free amino acid in epidermis, the dietary effects of silk protein, sericin (S) and fibroin (F) on trans epidermal water loss (TEWL), and plasma and epidermal levels of free amino acids were compared in this study. Thirty of male NC/Nga mice, an animal model of atopic dermatitis, were divided into three groups: group CA as an atopic control with control diet, group S: 1% sericin diet and group F: 1% fibroin diet. Ten of male BALB/c mice were served as group C (control group) with control diet. All mice were fed on diet and water ad libitum for 10weeks. Dry skin condition was established in group CA as TEWL was increased (148.7% of group C). In parallel, epidermal level of glutamate, one of major amino acids functioning as NMF, was dramatically decreased and epidermal levels of methionine and alanine were inversely elevated. Dietary supplementation of sericin (group S) reduced TEWL at the similar level with group C and increased epidermal levels of glutamate as well as serine and glycine, the other major amino acids as NMF. Despite a marked decrease of methionine and alanine, the reduction of TEWL and epidermal levels of glutamate, serine and glycine of group F were less than of group S. Furthermore, in contrast to similar levels of other free amino acids in plasma and epidermis of group S and group C, plasma and epidermal levels of other free amino acids, specifically phenylalanine, isoleucine, cysteine and tyrosine in epidermis of group F, were significantly higher than of group C. Together, our data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of sericin is more effective at improving dry skin condition that paralleled with the normalization of free amino acids in plasma and epidermis of NC/Nga mice.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1124-1140
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• 1966

'This hydraulic experiment have been practised Juk an Reservoir spillway and discharge 'channel which the province Kyong Buk was constructed and designed U. hook, for seizing all state of hydraulic. As result of the experimellt planning and making the model test, it has gained the necessary data at the amendment, projection of the most rational and economical result. 1. Project (1) Experiment project....1/30 of the discharge (2) project flood....0.01945 $m^3$/sec (rapidly) 2. Design Experiment It were sighted the water level for the nine point (L. & R. sides of No. O, L. & R. of No.1, L. side of NO.2, NO.3, No. 4 and NO.5), but it appeared each other that the lowest water level was 0.63 m at spillway (No.5) and the highest water level 0.735m less than planning water level O.75 m at No. 0. It was regarded as the phenomena appearing the difference from the calculation of the rational formular and coefficient of discharge. 3. Experiment examine E. ${\circled1}$ As a table (2) it had not a difference in comparision with design and was some lower value than design experiment's. E ..${\circled2}$) !twas same table (3) in a consequence of Experiment contracted Rocky cutting. E.${\circled3}$. ${\circled4}$ It was done amend.ment Experiment by elevating G.H. in only control point, but was not sure result as a table (2)(3)(4), and so it was changed largely in ${\circled5}$ Experiment. E. ${\circled5}$ Increasing water level was understanded to be proportion to $V^2$ in consideration of centrifugal force in the curve part and showed velocity contracting in curve the effect order's being regular in consequence of 1/6 sloped extending G.H. attached from 5 No. 0 to 1. 50 m, to S No. 0+5m. (S; discharge channel number).

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.429-437
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• 2009

This study addresses the optimal shape of a LCVA maximizing its vibration control effect through numerical parametric study. Various LCVAs having the same total mass and tuning frequency are designed with constraints on the dimensions and water level, and one obtaining the highest equivalent damping ratio of the controlled system is chosen as an optimal solution. As a result, it was found that the limit on the variation of the water level in the vertical liquid column plays an important role constraining the shape of the LCVA. As the LCVA width perpendicular to the plane of liquid motion increases, the equivalent damping ratio rises with slowdown so that determination of the proper width is important in design of the LCVA shape.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.948-954
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• 2002

This study was carried out to evaluate Effects of Cheongyoung-tang on CHT-Induced Brain Edema and Neurological Disturbance Symptom in Rats. we make a comparative study of the such parameters as neurological severity score(NSS) and changes in water content, lactate, glucose and hematological substance. 1. ΔNSS increased in CYT1 and CYT2 as compared with the control group, which showed no efficacy. 2. In water content of both hemispheres, CYT1 and CYT2 as compared with the control group have no difference. 3. Water content of the left hemisphere decreased in CYT1 and CYT2 as compared with the control group. 4. The lactate level in serum decreased in CYT1 and CYT2 as compared with the control group. 5. In hematological changes, RBC, PLT and MCHC increased in CYT1 and CYT2 as compared with the control group, but MCV decreased. According to these results, CYT has an effect on CHT-induced brain edema and neurological symptom.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.328-334
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• 2001

Male Sprageu-Dawely rats fed a cholesterol diet (Control group) or cholesterol diet supplemented with the water-soluble extract of stem bark from Cudrania tricuspidata(CTSB group) at the level of 0.5% for 2 weeks. Concentration of triglyceride in serum of CTSB group was significantly lower than that of control group. However, the other lipids concentrations of liver and serum, body weight gain, and food intake did not show significant difference between CTSB group and control group. Antioxidative activities of water-soluble extract from stem bark of Cudrania tricuspidata on the lipid peroxidation in rat were also studied in vivo by measuring the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS). Concentration of TBATS in the liver homogenates of CTSB group was significantly higher than that in control group. Nonheme iron concentration was significantly increased in the liver of CTSB group compared to control group. suggested that enhanced nonheme irom was associated with enhanced peroxidation of liver in CTSB group. These results suggested that water soluble extract from stem bark of Cudrania tricuspidata exert the hypotriglycerolemic effect and might amplify the lipid peroxidation of tissues in cholesterol fed rats.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

This study is conducted to evaluate the effects of root restriction on growth of maple(Acer palmatum Thumb.). Tow types of container such as clay pot(CP), root control bag(RCB) were used to restrict maple's root and each type of container was divided into 5 sizes. The containers with plants were buried just below the soil level and maples planted directly in the soil (nonrestricted root treatment) were included as comparison. Data were collected on dry weight of leaf, trunk, thick root, rootlet and soil water potential. We have analyzed, simple linear regression, Pearson's Correlation analysis, Duncan's multiple rang test, and Covariance Analysis using SAS statistical software. The results of analysis based on these data are as follows; 1. Total dry weight of maple in CP was significantly larger than in RCB. 2. Difference in growth reduction by the kinds of containers was induced by different hydraulic diffusion ratios between container and soil. Difference in growth reduction by the size of container was induced by the difference density of rootlet and soil moisture contents in the container. 4. Commercial products of root control of root control bag appeared not proper for countries in which fluctuation of rainfall is severe. Because maples in RCB were restricted by excess soil water in the rainy season, or by lack of soil water in the dray season.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.48-59
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• 2020

A traditional propeller can easily become entangled with floating objects while operating. In this paper, we present a newly developed Electromagnetic-valve-control-based Water-jet Propulsion System (ECWPS) for an unmanned surface cleaning vessel that can be flexibly controlled via a Micro Control Unit (MCU). The double-structure was adapted to the unmanned surface cleaning vessel for floating-collection missions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software for operating effect simulation was also used to reveal the working principle of the ECWPS under different conditions. Neglecting the assembly technique, the design level, controlling strategy, and maneuvering performance of the ECWPS reached unprecedented levels. The ECWPS mainly consists of an Electromagnetic-valve Array (EA), pipeline network, control system, and water-jet source. Both CFD analyses and experimental results show that the hydraulic characteristic of the ECWPS was predicted reasonably, which has enormous practical value and development prospects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.915-925
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• 2012

On-off control performance of target pumping station was experimented by changing measurement methods for storage level or inflow and operating logic for control system setting. Four scenarios with different measurement methods and operational logic were examined in the Matlab/Simulink environment. Controller's on-off control repetition that was frequent before has been reduced and more effective and stable system operation was found to be possible with the scenarios. Moreover, defensive operation enforced prevention of floods by changing measurement methods enabled economic operation that made an utmost use of storage volumes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

Movable weirs with multi-stage control are necessary in many Korean rivers to actively control the water storage level. A mesh dependency test was performed to determine the appropriate number of meshes for structural analysis of movable weirs. The standing angles of movable weirs were set to 60°, 45°, 30°, and 15° for stress analysis. The standing angle of 0° was excluded from the analysis because it was unloaded. Changes in the standing angle led to changes in the water depth, maximum pressure, maximum strain, and maximum stress. The maximum average stress and the structural safety of the multi-stage control movable weir were computed and tested using the Ansys FEA software package.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2018

Compared with general rivers, fluctuations of the water level and the river bed are severe in the tidal river. In hydro-dynamic aspect, such fluctuation gives different river-bed data to us according to observing period. The time-dependent river-bed data and pre-estimation of the Manning's roughness coefficient which is the key factor of numerical modelling induces uncertainty of evaluating the design flood level. Thus it is necessary to pay more attention to calculate the flood level at tidal rivers than at general rivers. In this study, downstream of the Imjin River where is affected by tide of the West Sea selected as a study site. From the numerical modelling, it was shown that the unsteady simulation gave considerable mitigation of the water level from the starting point to 15 km upstream compared to the steady simulation. Either making a detention pond or optional dredging was not effective to mitigate the flood level at Gugok - Majung region where is located in the downstream of the Imjin River. Therefore, a more sophisticated approach is required to evaluate the design flood level estimation before constructive measures adopted in general rivers when establishing the flood control plan in a tidal river.