• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.516-519
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 기존에 관리자가 화초가 자라는 토양에 함유된 수분의 양을 측정하여 물 공급시기를 판단하고, 그에 따라 필요시 수동으로 물을 공급해 주던 방식의 문제점을 개선하고자 제안하는 방법이다. 제안하는 시스템은 센서노드와 관리용 호스트 컴퓨터가 무선센서 네트워크로 연결된다. 계측시스템은 센서노드에 연결된 습도센서를 사용해서 흙속에 존재하는 수분의 양을 측정한다. 제어시스템은 수분의 양이 설정 값 이하로 떨어지면 솔레노이드 스위치를 제어해서 물 공급 시스템의 밸브를 자동으로 열어 일정한 수분이 공급되게 한다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2018

The Soyangho Reservoir in Korea has a large drawdown zone, with an annual maximum water level fluctuation of 37 m due to dam operations to maintain a stable water supply and control flooding, especially during the monsoon period. The floristic composition, distribution and biomass of the major plant communities in the drawdown zone of the Soyangho Reservoir were assessed in order to understand their responses to the wide water level fluctuation. Species richness of vascular plants was low, and species composition was dominated by herbaceous annuals. Principal coordinates analysis using both flora and environmental data identified slope angle and the distance from the dam as important factors determining floristic composition. The species richness was low in the steep drawdown zone close to the dam, where much of the soil surface was almost devoid of vegetation. In shallower slopes, distant from the dam plant communities composed of mainly annuals were found. The large fluctuation in water level exposed soil where these annuals could establish. An overall biomass of 122 t (metric tons) Dry Matter was estimated for the reservoir, containing ca 3.6 t N (nitrogen) and ca 0.3 t P (phosphorus); the role of the vegetation of the drawdown zone in carbon sequestration and water pollution were briefly discussed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.82.3-82
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• 2001

This work presents a design technique for the implementation of the liquid level control system by based on the use of a single-chip microcontroller. The proposed model system offers the following attractive features : (1) application of the pressure transducer for sensing the height of liquid in tank (2) using the obtained liquid level for defining on-off condition of the water pump (3) the liquid values were controlled by using stepping motors for controlling of 57 points (4) can set up by using manual control or automatic control (5) can monitor and display the process status either on microcontroller-based control board or on the computer via RS232 serial-port. Experimental results have been employed to show the effectiveness ...

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.1251-1258
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• 1999

The water level control of a steam generator in the unclear power plant is an important process. Most of the water level controllers of the actual plant are PID controllers. But they have limitations in appling for tracking the set point and getting rid of disturbances, so there are some defects to apply in the actual ground even though many research works represented the resolutions to solve it. In this paper, it is suggested that the established simple PID controller in low power has the ability to remove disturbances and trace the set-point, and then possesses the real-time self-tuning function according to the variety of moving peculiarity of a plant. This function realized by making use of fuzzy logic. PID parameters are formulated by a variable ${\alpha}$ and made it fluctuate by a fuzzy inference according to level error and level error change. This mechanism makes application of actual plant effective as well as taking advantage of improving the efficiency of water level controller by way of adding the function of self-tuning instead of replacing PID controller. The computer simulation of this scheme shows the improved performance compare to conventional PID controller.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2012

Tidal power is one of new and renewable energy sources. The seawater is stored inside a tidal embankment built at the mouth of a river or bay, where tides ebb and flow. The water turbine-generators produce power by exploiting the gap in the water level between the water outside and inside the embankment. Tidal power plant is a large plant that is installed on the sea. And then, the facility's operations and a separate control system for monitoring and maintenance is required. However, this plant predictive control of building systems and technologies have been avoided the transfer of technology from advanced global companies. Accordingly, the control system for core technology development and localization is urgently needed. This paper presents modeling and simulation using by PSS/E about generator, governor, exciter, and power system stabilizer for control system in Sihwa tidal power plant to improve the efficiency and develope of core technology. And the dynamic characteristics of governor and exciter were analyzed.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of carbonated water on etched or sealed enamel according to the carbonation level and the presence of calcium ions. Methods: Carbonated water with different carbonation levels was manufactured by a soda carbonator. Seventy-five premolar teeth were randomly divided into a control group and 4 experimental groups in accordance with the carbonation level and the presence of calcium ions in the test solutions. After specimen preparation of the Unexposed, Etched, and Sealed enamel subgroups, all the specimens were submerged in each test solution for 15 minutes three times a day during 7 days. Microhardness tests on the Unexposed and Etched enamel subgroups were performed with 10 specimens from each group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests on the Unexposed, Etched, and Sealed enamel subgroups were performed with 5 specimens from each group. Microhardness changes in different groups were statistically compared using paired t-tests, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The microhardness changes were significantly different between the groups (p = 0.000). The microhardness changes in all experimental groups except Group 3 (low-level carbonated water with calcium ions) were significantly greater than those in the Control group. SEM showed that etched areas of the specimen were affected by carbonated water and the magnitude of destruction varied between groups. Adhesive material was partially removed in groups exposed to carbonated water. Conclusions: Carbonated water has negative effects on etched or sealed enamel, resulting in decreased microhardness and removal of the adhesive material.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2022

We investigate how reforestation contributed to stabilization of riverine water levels in South Korea. For the purpose, we estimate an equation capturing dynamic relationships among rainfall, upstream-area tree stock, and downstream water levels in three river systems of Hongcheon, Mangyeong, and Hyeongsan, using daily observations of precipitation and water levels for the period from 1985 to 2005. Simulation based on estimation results shows that increase in the tree stock in a river basin leads to a significantly suppressed peaking in riverine water levels in response to an abrupt and concentrated rain in the upstream area. For instance, an hour-long concentration of 100mm rain results in 0.7m rise in water level if the volume of growing stock is 1 million m³, whereas the rise in water level stays below 0.27m with 5 million m³ in the growing-stock volume.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.761-767
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• 2010

This study introduces a model of territorial analysis on Chungcheongnam-do Nonsan-chun valley area, which gives an example of a method of selecting the management area for non-point pollution source from land use to help eliminate its source. High discharge load per unit area signify high level of land ratio with high level of basic unit of development load (including factory sites, school sites, roadways), which mean that there are a significant level of urbanization. It is these areas with the examination of the water quality of the nearby river that should be considered as the management area for non-point pollution source. Thus, the management area for non-point pollution source should be sought in areas with high discharge load per unit area and high density of water pollution area. When level of drainage is high the pollution density level is relatively lower, and when the level of drainage is low the density level is relatively higher. The level of pollution from non-point pollution source is much lower with more water flowing through. The possible non-point pollution source areas that were selected with these standards were then examined with the distance from the river, the slope angle, land usage, elevation, BOD discharge density load, T-N discharge density load, T-P discharge density load, and were given a level one through five. Out of the possible areas Nonsan-si Yeonmu-eup Anshim-li was the densest area, and it was given level one. The level one area should be examined further with the field analysis to be selected as the actual management area for non-point pollution source.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 1995

증기발생기 수위조절계통의 무작위추출 비선형 제어계통의 경우로 연구되었다. 무작위 변수로는 시간불연속 계통의 추출시간간격 이 고려되었다. Lyapunov 함수를 구하지 않는 확률론적 Lyapunov 방법이 용되었다. 유도된 안정성 요건은 CANDU 형 원자로인 월성 1호기의 자료를 이용하여 시간 존속 모사로 검증하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2017

치성천의 홍수범람이 빈번하게 발생하는 구간을 대상으로 하단배출형 가동보를 다단으로 배치하여 가동보의 관리수위별 저류 및 홍수조절 효과를 기존 고정보의 설치 경우와 비교분석하였다. 분석 결과를 기반으로 인공신경망 모형을 구축하여 목표하는 저류량과 하류부 홍수위 조절을 위한 가동보의 관리수위를 제안하였다. 하단배출형 가동보를 다단으로 배치할 경우 고정보 대비 하류부에서의 첨두 홍수위가 68.28%가 감소하였고, 대상구간의 총 저류량이 216%가 증가하였다. 인공신경망 학습모델의 구축을 위해 수치모의 결과 216개의 data 중 60%, 20%, 20%를 각각 학습, 검증 및 시험에 사용하였다. 학습결과 평균제곱오차가 $0.1681m^2$, 결정계수가 학습, 검증 및 시험에서 각각 0.9961, 0.9967, 0.9943으로 높게 나타났다. 인공신경망을 이용하여 목표하는 저류량과 하천의 하류부에서의 홍수위에 대한 각각 가동보의 관리수위의 결정방안을 제시하였다.