• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1335-1340
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• 2013

Herein the water film was introduced to the hydrophilic area on the line patterned surface to solve the contradiction caused by surface roughness (high different wettability has advantage to control the droplet but high roughness for that high wettability difference causes obstruction of droplet moving). Thus the droplet on the water film could not be hindered to line direction but restricted to orthogonal direction, effectively. In addition, droplet behaviors according to droplet volume and line thickness were studied. Droplet fell off the line with narrowing the interface between the droplet and the water film on the line. When the droplet fell off the line, the plate angle was designated as a critical plate angle and it used as an indicator of surface capability to control the droplet. As a result critical plate angle increases as droplet volume decreases and line thickness increases.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.341-351
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine preventive effects of tailored water drinking on orthostatic hypotension and heart rate variability in the elderly. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre and post time-series design was adapted. Among a total of 64 elderly people admitted to two nursing homes, 35 elderly were assigned to the experimental group and 29 were assigned to the control group. As for the elderly people in the experimental group, tailed water drink was provided according to the scheduled time for six weeks. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured twice before the intervention in both groups. The data were analyzed with SPSS program using t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, and repeated measure of ANOVA. Results: There were significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate variability between the two groups. Conclusion: Tailored water drinking had preventive effects on decreasing blood pressure fall as well as prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in the elderly people.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2 s.32
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• pp.161-167
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• 1996

For the purpose of developing a new drug against cerebral infarction, we chose Ijintang which is frequently applied in the field of Jung Pung of traditional medicine. From this formula, water extract and methanol extract were prepared respectively. Animals were divided into three groups; control group, water extract medicated group, methanol extract treated group. water extract was given 195mg／kg orally and methanol extract, 165mg／kg for 2 weeks in case of cerebral edema and 1 month in regional cerebral blood flow. On the regional cerebral blood flow, the drug medicated groups showed no significant changes as compared gith control group. There was no significant difference on the cerebral edema among the groups. According to the results above, it is suggested that oral medication of water extract and methanol extract from Ijintang have no effect on the change of rCBF and edema after acutely induced cerebral infarction. However, it is thought that modification of administration method and development of new animal model for traditional medicine are needed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.617-623
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• 2010

It is the most important subject to figure out characteristics of the wastewater inflows of sewerage treatment plant(STP) when situation models are applied to operation of the biological processes and in the automatic control based on ICA(Instrument, Control and Automation). For the purposes, real-time influent monitoring method has been applied by using on-line monitoring equipments for the process optimization in conventional STP. Since, the influent of STP is consist of complex components such as, COD, BOD, TN, $NH_4$-N, $NO_3$-N, TP and $PO_4$-P. MRA2(Microbial Respiration Analyzer 2), which is capable of real-time analyzing of wastewater characteristics is used to overcome the limitations and defects of conventional online monitoring equipments in this study. Rapidity, accuracy and stability of developed MRA2 are evaluated and compared with the results from on-line monitoring equipments for seven months after installation in Full-scale STP.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 1985

This investigation was performed to study the effect of Ginseng water extract on the cardiac sarcolemma $Na^+,\;K^+-ATPase$ activity of rat hearts. The Ginseng water extract (100mg/kg/day) was administered orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for one, four and seven days. The fragment of sarcolemma was prepared by the method of Matsui and Erdmann and the $Na^+,\;K^+-ATPase$ and $Mg^{++}-ATPase$ activity were measured by the method of Martins and Doty. $Na^+,\;K^+-ATPase$ activity in the rat heart treated with Ginseng water extract for 1 day was not significantly different from control value, but the activity was decreased by 13.4% in the rat heart treated for 4 days and was decreased by 20.4% in the 7 days treated group. $Mg^{++}-ATPase$ activity in the rat treated with ginseng water extract was similar to control value. It may be concluded that chronic administration of Ginseng may inhibit the $Na^+,\;K^+-ATPase$ enzyme activity, but single administration may not inhibit the activity.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2003

Black liquor staining for the development of natural color of bleached Hanji caused problems of discoloration and degradation. This study was carried out not only to complement these problems but also to develop natural dyeing method that was similar to the color of unbleached Hanji, through the dyeing of rice straw extractives. The dyeing properties of Hanji were influenced more by dyestuffs extraction method than extraction and dyeing time. Dyeing ability of hot water extractives was superior to cold-water extractives. Without the relation to the time of extraction and dyeing, the color of Hanji dyeing hot water extractives were similar to the control, and the color of Hanji dyed for 45 min with hot water extractives that extracted for 120 min, were almost same as the control. As natural dyestuffs, hot water extractives of rice straw showed that excellent dyeing ability for the development of various natural colors similar to unbleached Hanjis.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to examine the effect of Sinchim on enhancing of memory in rat with water maze. Methods : Experimental animals(white rat) were classfied into normal, control, and aroma sample group. Then, they were injected .{\beta}-amyloid into control and aroma sample group rat's brain about $5{\mu}l$ to injure its brain. After rat smelt Sinchim about 12days, I did water maze test and anatomized its hippocampus. Sections were cut coronally at 30 ${\mu}m$.(XI00) Results: 1. In acquisition test of water maze learning, .{\beta}-amyloid injured group took more time than normal group to reach the escape platform noticeably and through the session of trial, Sinchim aroma sample group shortened time than .l3-amyloid injured group after 6 days. 2. In the acetyltransferase(AchE) immunostained method, it was shown that Sinchim aroma sample recovered tbe syntbesis of ChAT(Choloneacetyltransferase). Conclusion: Smelling Sinchim would be useful for enhancing of memory.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.654-660
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• 2011

One of the best way to control Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) is proposed to construct first flush storage tank. But there is little known parameters for optimum design of these facilities. This study was conducted to get optimum design parameters for a first flush storage tank construction. The optimization of the tank is generally based upon some measure of SS(Suspended Solid) mass holding efficiency. Water quality deterioration of receiving water body happened right after first time occurring rainfall in dry weather seasons. So, design rainfall intensity is used at 2 mm/hr for peak of monthly average intensities of dry seasons. The capacities for each evaluated catchment are designed from 14.4 min to 16.1 min HRT of CSOs flow at design rainfall intensity. Owing to all storage tanks are connected to interception sewer having a redundancy, the suggested volume could be cut down.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.341-347
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• 2010

The performance of water spray system installed to reduce risks of tunnel fire is investigated by a real tunnel fire test. In case of A class fire, Pool fire, and car fire, the nozzle of water spray has had a marvelous effect to reduce the temperature of hot smoke. And it is verified to have remarkable cooling effects when there is the air flow in a tunnel. Though this results, water spray system will be able to prevent a fire jump to decrease the air temperature in a tunnel and to protect tunnel facilities by the fire control.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2022

The excessive settlement and deformation of disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone (DCM) embankments under dynamic loading have long been problems for engineers and technicians. In this work, the characteristics and mechanism of the plastic deformation of DCM under different degrees of compaction, water contents and confining pressures were studied by static triaxial, dynamic triaxial and scanning electron microscopy testing. The research results show that the axial stress increases with increasing confining pressure and degree of compaction and decreases with increasing water content when DCM failure. The axial strain at failure of the DCM decreases with increasing confining pressure and degree of compaction and increases with increasing water content. Under cyclic dynamic stress, the change in the axial stress level of the DCM can be divided into four stages: the stable stage, transition stage, safety reserve stage and unstable stage, respectively. The effects of compaction, water content and confining pressure on the critical axial stress level which means shakedown of the DCM are similar. However, an increase in confining pressure reduces the effects of compaction and water content on the critical axial stress level. The main deformation of DCM is fatigue cracking. Based on the allowable critical axial stress, a method for embankment deformation control was proposed. This method can determine the degree of compaction and fill range of the embankment fill material according to the equilibrium moisture content of the DCM embankment.