• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.807-819
• /
• 1997

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of a 12-week low-intensity exercise program on muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and cognitive characteristics related to the performance of activity of daily living(ADL). A total of 16 patients who were admitted to the medical unit of a general hospital in ChoongChung province were recruited, eight for the exercise group and eight for the comparison group. Four levels of low-intensity exercise from 'ROM on bed' to 'exercise while walking' were then applied to the exercise group according to their physical condition. During hospitalization, patients in the exercise group performed each level of the prescribed exercise with the researchers until they felt comfortable doing it independently. The researchers also visited the patients' homes after discharge to make sure they could perform the exercise with Theraband in their living environment. The exercise group was contacted by phone once a week to assess the frequency and intensity in which they performed the exercise as well as their physical condition. The subjects in the comparison group participated in measurements for the study without performing the exercise and were contacted by phone after discharge, in a matched time frame with the exercise group, to assess physical condition. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance, cognitive characteristics, and performance of ADL for the two groups were compared at the pretest and the posttest after the low-intensity exercise program by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows : 1) At the postest, measurements of muscle strengths showed that the strength of the dorsal flexor in the exercise group was significantly higher than in the comparison group. 2) Objective balance for the exercise group was significantly better than for the comparison group as measured by 'standing on one foot' and Tinetti gait and balance control. 3) The exercise group showed significantly higher task self-efficacy than the comparison group. 4) Perceived exertion for ADL for the exercise group was significantly lower than for the comparison group. 5) Improvement of performance of ADL without assistance was significantly higher for the exercise group than the comparison group. The findings suggest that a low-intensity exercise program would be useful for the elderly who show decline in their physical functioning due to hospitalization by partly improving physical strength, task self-efficacy, and performance of ADL. Directions for further research on issues of motivating people to exercise as well as of standardizing various types of exercise were discussed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.712-716
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Extensive lumbosacral defects after removal of spinal tumors have a high risk of wound healing problems. Therefore it is an effective reconstructive strategy to provide preemptive soft tissue coverage at the time of initial spinal surgery, especially when there is an instrument exposure. For soft tissue reconstruction of a lumbosacral defect, a variation of the gluteal flap is the first-line choice. However, the musculocutaneous flap or muscle flap that is conventionally used, has many disadvantages. It damages gluteus muscle and causes functional disturbance in ambulation, has a short pedicle which limits areas of coverage, and can damage perforators, limiting further surgery that is usually necessary in spinal tumor patients. In this article, we present the superior gluteal artery perforator turn-over flap that reconstructs complex lumbosacral defects successfully, especially one that has instrument exposure, without damaging the ambulatory function of the patient. Methods: A 67 year old man presented with sacral sarcoma. Sacralectomy with L5 corpectomy was performed and resulted in a $15{\times}8\;cm$ sized complex soft tissue defect in the lumbosacral area. There was no defect in the skin. Sacral stabilization with alloplastic fibular bone graft and reconstruction plate was done and the instruments were exposed through the wound. A $18{\times}8\;cm$ sized superior gluteal artery perforator flap was designed based on the superior gluteal artery perforator and deepithelized. It was turned over 180 degrees into the lumbosacral dead space. Soft tissue from both sides of the wound was approximated over the flap and this provided in double padding over the instrument. Results: No complications such as hematoma, flap necrosis, or infection occurred. Until three months after the resection, functional disturbances in walking were not observed. The postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan shows the flap volume was well maintained over the instrument. Conclusion: This superior gluteal artery perforator turn-over flap, a modification of the conventional superior gluteal artery perforator flap, is a simple method that enabled the successful reconstruction of a lumbosacral defect with instrument exposure without affecting ambulatory function.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제11권9호
• /
• pp.3353-3357
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 시각리듬자극(rhythmic visual stimulation, RVS)을 이용한 보행 운동을 적용하여 보행과 고유수용성감각에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 뇌졸중으로 6개월 이상 장애를 가진 21명이 연구에 참여하였고 실험군 10명과 대조군 11명으로 나누었다. 대조군은 14m의 보행로가 확보된 공간에서 준비운동 5분, 보행운동 20분, 정리운동 5분 씩 주 3회, 4주간 12회를 실시하였고, 실험군은 대조군의 운동프로그램과 같은 조건에서 보행운동시 시각리듬자극(RVS)을 추가적으로 적용하였다. 운동 전 후에 보행과 고유수용성감각을 측정하여 효과를 비교하였다. 통계처리 방법으로 실험 전?후 차이를 검증하기 위하여 Wilcoxon 부호 순위 검정을 실시하였고 대조군과의 차이 검증을 위하여 공분산분석 검정을 실시하였다. 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<0.05로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과 시각리듬자극(RVS)이 적용된 실험군에서 보행속도와 분속수, Timed up and go test(TUG) 시간이 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), 고유수용성감각이 유의하게 증가하였다(p<.05). 결론적으로 시각리듬자극(RVS)을 이용한 보행운동이 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 보행과 고유수용성감각에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 만성 뇌졸중 환자에게 음악적 요소인 시각리듬자극(RVS)이 정신적 육체적 기능을 상실한 뇌졸중 환자의 재활치료 프로그램에 적용하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제10권7호
• /
• pp.317-325
• /
• 2010

이 연구는 PPA 기법을 적용하여 민간경호경비원들의 여가활동 집중개선 여가활동을 도출하고, 나아가 여가제약이 참가지수에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 주된 목적이 있다. 이러한 과정을 통하여 최종적으로 민간경호경비원들의 여가후생복지 개선을 위한 정책투자우선순위를 도출하고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 2010년 2월 서울 소재 6개소 민간경비업체를 대상으로 판단표집법을 적용하여 최종분석에 사용된 사례 수는 총 267명이다. 수집된 자료는 SPSSWIN 17.0 프로그램으로 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 대응표본 t검증, PPA 분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 설문지의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's $\alpha$값이 .768 이상으로 나타났다. 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민간경호경비원의 여가활동 참가 지수인 선호도와 참여도는 차이가 있다. 중점개선 여가활동은 헬스, 산책/조깅, 숙박관광, 당일여행 등이며, 노력지속 여가활동은 영화, 국내유명관광지, 이성교재, 외식, 대인관계, 스포츠 관람, 독서, 노래방, TV 비디오 시청, 음주 등이다. 개선요망 여가활동은 수상스포츠, 등산, 자전거, 축구, 사진촬영, 구기운동, 항공스포츠, 바둑/장기, 인라인스케이트, 요리 등이다. 둘째, 민간경호경비원의 여가제약은 여가활동 참가지수에 영향을 미친다. 여가제약의 하위요인인 개인내적 제약, 주변의식적 제약이 클수록 선호하는 여가활동 참가지수는 감소하는 반면, 구조적 제약, 시간 경제적 제약과 같은 어려움을 극복할 경우 여가활동 참가지수는 증가한다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.159-174
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide information searching for health promotion, nutrition improvement, and health care of the impaired elderly by ADL(Activity of Daily Living) and IADL(Instrumental Activity of Daily Living). The subjects were divided into the Assistant Needed Group and No Assistant Needed Group for living in line with the responses of ADL(10 items like dressing, washing, move etc.) and IADL(10 items like housekeeping, using transportation, shopping, Phone call etc.). Survey was made for health behavior, health risk habit, dietary management status and diet intake by 24 hr-recall and questionnaire method. 242 subjects were collected in 12 cities or Gun districts in Gyeonggi Province, S. Korea. Survey was carried out by regional home extension workers using interview method. Statistical analyses were made using SAS (Version 8.1). Chi-Square Tests and General Linear Models. The subjects of impaired ADL elderly was 26.5% and it composed 30% of the total male and 22.2% of the total female. The demographic status of the impaired ADL elderly showed no difference from that of the normal elders, elementary school educated (73.4%), with spouse (43.8%) or with adult children(37.5%), using monthly living cost of 500-1,000 thousand won(35.9%). Mean age was 74.05 years compared to 72.25 years of normal elders. However, there was no significant difference from the normal and impaired ADL group, regular exercise(60.0%), with walking (90.0%), no-smoke(54.7%) and no-drink(48.4%). Kind of disease was not different from the one in impaired and normal group, with cardiovascular disease(32.3%), with diabetes mellitus(8.1%), joint lumbago neuralgia(32.3%) and osteoporosis(9.7%). Gastrointestinal complaints of the impaired ADL group were nausea(57.8%), chronic indigestion (23.4%), constipation (14,0%) and vomiting(3.7%). Sleeping time required for the impaired was longer than that for the normal group by 10hours(4.7%) or 8-10hours(20.3%), which consisted 1.7% and 16.6% respectively. Nutrient intake of the impaired ADL group was low compared to normal range elders: Energy(1260kca1), Protein(52.75g). There was gender difference in nutrient intake; the male impaired group showed no significant difference from the normal group but it was significantly lower in female impaired group. These results suggest that low quality of life and low economic status of the impaired ADL elderly require congregate meal in village hall to cover the lack of side dishe variety. And nutrition education program including community assistance would be required for the impaired ADL elderly together with the sufficient food and exercise practice. By operating nutrition education program, the impaired ADL elderly would maintain more enhanced quality of life and ameliorate the ADL capability.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.12-23
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report possibility of acupuncture or moxibustion for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) by reviewing literature about its effectiveness. Methods : In this review, PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct and CINAHL of EBSCOhost were used to search medical journals, using keywords "Parkinson's disease and acupuncture" and "Parkinson's disease and moxibustion". The search range included randomized controlled trials (RCT) about Parkinson's disease combined with another disease and other treatments with acupuncture or moxibustion. Non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), case study, animal experiment, human experiment, review, survey, essay, letter, and protocol for review were excluded. Results : From 311 studies, 111 were selected during the title and the screening. Finally, 16 RCTs (15 for acupuncture research and one for moxibustion) were included in this review, after scanning and matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of patients varied between 5 and 88. A total of 12 studies using electroacupuncture (EA) were classified into acupuncture studies. The body acupuncture studies numbered 4, scalp acupuncture 4, body and scarp acupuncture mixed studies 4, and bee venom, ear and abdomen acupuncture were each one study. In evaluation methods, total effective rate method was used in 9 studies, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was used in 8, and the Webster score in 2. In addition, the Berg balance scale (BBS), 30 m walking time, steps to walk 30 m, PD motor function score, and Motor Performance Series by Schoppe (MLS) method were used for evaluation. In 15 of the 16 studies, the verum acupuncture group showed significant improvement compared with the control. In 9 studies using total effective rate method, the effective rate was reported as 80.0-97.3% in verum acupuncture groups and 52.6-86.4% in controls. Conclusions : Acupuncture may be a plausible alternative method to care for the long term symptoms and treat movement impairment of Parkinson's disease. However, to confirm this result, high quality studies including randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trials are warranted.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.711-725
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of knee flexor isokinetic training on the mean peak torque of knee muscles and hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio(H/Q ratio) in hemiplegia able to walk independently for more than 10 meters, to analyze the effect of torque increasing on functional aspects; fatigability and ambulation times, also. Forty-one adult subjects with hemiplegia secondary to a stroke partipated in this study. All participants were in/out patients at the College of Medicine, Pocheon CHA University, Pundang CHA General Hospital. The patients were allocated to two groups: one group exclusively for isokinetic maximal voluntary knee flexor training at $150^{\circ}$/sec(n=20) and the other exclusively for isokinetic maximal voluntary knee flexor training from $30^{\circ}$/sec to $150^{\circ}$/sec (n=21) gradually. The allocation was performed according to patient age, sex, affected side to minimize imbalance between the two training groups. Training was carried out from February 14th, 2000 to April 15th, 2000. Analysis of the data was done by means of t-test, x2-test, paired t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean peak torque of knee muscles and relative decreases in knee extensor mean peak torque with increased knee flexor velocities before training (P<.05). 2.There was no significant differences between the two groups in the H/Q ratio, and no relative increases with increased knee flexor velocities before training. 3. there were significant changes in mean peak torque in group A after training(P<.05), but no significant differences as the velocity increased 4.there were significant changes in mean peak torque in group B after training(P<.05), but no significant differences as the velocity increased 5.there were no significant differences between the two groups, and no significant differences in mean peak torque increase rate between the groups with increased knee flexor velocities after training 6.H/Q ratio increased with increased knee flexor velocities between the two groups, but not statistically And there was no significant differences between the groups with increased knee flexor velocities 7.After training, Ambulation time and its decreasing rate decreased significantly in group B (P<.05) 8Before and after training, there was no significant differences between the groups in the fatiguability 9. In the multiple regression analysis, mean peak torque increase rate of the knee extensor and flexor were higher in group B than A(P<.05), and significantly higher with increased knee flexor velocities (P<.05) Also, training method influenced on Ambulation times decreases significantly(P<.05). Results indicated that knee flexor isokinetic training was effective to knee extensor and flexor mean peak torque increase in the hemiplegia able to walk independently for more than 10 meters. Therefore, we were able to conclude that gradual training from low to high velocity was more effective in the increase of mean peak torque of knee joint and decrease of Ambulation times than training only at high velocity.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.197-205
• /
• 1984

열대산 메기 Clarias batrachus를 새로운 양식어종으로 만들기 위한 기초연구의 하나로 이 종의 성장적수온 및 월동을 위한 성장가능최저수온과 저수온에서의 사치가 시작되는 수온을 찾기 위해 1981년3월부터 1982년 3월까지 체중 $12{\sim}40g$사이의 1년생으로서 $14^{\circ}C$에서 $34^{\circ}C$사이의 수온에서 일련의 실험을 실시하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 이 종의 약 12g에서 28g사이의 것의 성장적정수온은 약 $25^{\circ}C$로 나타났고 이 수온에서는 이보다 높거나 낮은 수온에서보다 성장과 사료섭취량, 그리고 사료효율면에서 가장 좋은 결과가 나왔다. 성장최저한계수온은 $18^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며 62일간의 실험에서 1일성장률은 약 $0.1\%$로 낮았으나 폐사는 없었고 활동도 비교적 활발하였다. 따라서 이 종의 월동가능최저수온은 $18^{\circ}C$로 사료된다. $16^{\circ}C$또는 이보다 약간 낮은 수온에서 방치하면 약 30일내에 대부분 폐사하며 $14^{\circ}C$이하에서는 $1{\sim}7$일 내에 모두 폐사하였다. 따라서 이 종에 있어서 폐사가 시작되는 수온은 $16^{\circ}C$로 사료된다. 성장가능최저수온 근처에서 장기간사육할 경우 급작스런 수온하강, 특히 $15^{\circ}C$이하로 내려가는 경우 전체 어류에 치명적인 피해가 예상되므로 주의하지 않으면 안될 것으로 사료된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2016

실내외 환경에서 실험을 수행할 때에 피험자의 상태를 모니터링 하여 위험한 상황을 미연에 방지하고, 실시간으로 처리해야 하는 데이터를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 시스템이 필요하다. 이전 연구에서 우리는 목적지까지 안전하게 보행할 수 있도록 하는 시각장애인용 보행안내 기기를 개발하였다. 이 기기는 실내외 특정 위치마다 POI (Point of Interest)를 설정하고 실내에서는 인공 표식(landmark), 실외에서는 직비(ZigBee) 모듈을 이용하고 보행 경로 탐색 알고리즘을 개발하여 사용자의 보행 위치를 추정할 수 있다. 실제 테스트베드에서는 시각장애인이나 안대를 착용한 일반인을 대상으로 실험을 수행하므로 실험 대상자가 위험 상황에 노출될 수 있고, 기기의 오작동으로 인해 문제가 발생할 수 있기 때문에 실험 대상자를 원격으로 모니터링 하는 것이 필요하고 대용량의 실내외 지도 데이터를 저장하고 관리하는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 실험 대상자를 원격으로 모니터링 하고 대용량의 지도 데이터를 처리하는 제어 관리용 시스템을 소개한다. 실험을 수행할 때에 위험한 상황을 미연에 방지하고자 피험자의 상태를 모니터링 하고, 대량의 데이터를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 관리용 시스템을 제작하였고, 다양한 실험을 통하여 제안하는 시스템의 유효성을 입증하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1977

Personalized Patient centered nursing care is increasingly difficult to achieve despite the fact that it remains one of our consistent goals. So, we must find away to individualized nursing care. One means, to achieve this is by use of the nursing history form, which has been developed to help the nurse make maximum use of her limited time with the patient, by obtaining systematically the information needed to plan his nursing care. The nursing history form can be used to collect data about individual nursing needs but also it lends itself to the collection of epidemiological data relevant to the needs of patient population. So this study was undertaken in an attempt to describe the general characteristics of the population studied, to find out their perceptions and expectations related to their illness and hospitalization, to find out specific basic needs and to examine the relationship between the patients nursing needs and demographic characteristics through the responses to the nursing history questions. The study population defined and selected was all the patients (70) who were admitted to Yonsei University Hospital from October 1 - 15, 1975. The direct interview method was used and the data were categorized by the investigator, according to the nature of responses to each question and were subjected to the percentile and the chi- square tests. The findings can be summarized as follows 11. General characteristics of the study population ; The population was made up mainly of urban patients who were highly educated. The age was equally distributed. 2. Patients, perceptions and expectations related to illness and hospitalization ; 88.6% of the patients knew about the reason for hospitalization but 64. 5% could state symptoms only. 37.5% recognized the cause of illness. Approximately three fourth of the patients expressed on expectation for early recovery. 60.0% of the patient responses indicated, that they expected less than 10 days of hospitalization. Of the total responses regarding hospitalization, 45.7% were negative about the post -hospitalization expectation, 45.7% expected to return to work. As a result of these findings, we can see that there is a great educational need, a psychological need and environmental need for adaptation to the hospital and a socio- economic need for the post - hospitalization period. 3. Specific basic needs : The physical needs include the problem of getting sufficient sleep (50.0%), difficulty in food intake(47.1%), problems with hospital diet (47.0%), abnormal condition of the skin(44.3%), problems with bowel elimination(35.7%), assistance with bathing(35.7%), pain(30.0%), difficulty in walking(30.0%) , difficulty in seeing(30.0%) problems in urinary elimination(20.0%) , and difficulty in hearing(10.0%), 4. Nursing needs and epidemiological characteristics ; Age distribution was related to the rendition of the mouth but no significant differences were observed statistically with the patients responses to the other nursing history questions according to the epidemiological variables of age, sex, education and residence.