• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.41
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• pp.267-292
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• 2009

It is a right time to improve the Korea Foreign Trade Act(KFTA) as a fundamental law on Rules of Origin(RoO) in the global trade circumstances which are summarized FTA and WTO. The KFTA's RoO constitutes the labelling system of the Country of Origin, the criterion of it, the issuing of certificate of origin and the punishing offender mainly around the importing goods. This study has focused on the problems of KFTA's RoO at the macro and practical level, and proposed the programs to improve the KFTA's RoO about importing, exporting and domestic production goods. KFTA need to create a purpose clause to protect consumers and industries also, and has to be located a general and top position in the RoO of Korea. In the concrete, the labelling system of the Country of Origin has to set limited in the point of minimum necessity view. The criterion of the Country of Origin also has to improve the wholly obtained criterion, the changing in tariff classification criterion, value added criterion and processing operation criterion to harmonize WTO Rules of Origin and FTA Rules of Origin. The punishment ceiling against offender has to raise to guarantee the effectiveness of RoO.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 2011

This study aims to clarify the asset evaluation attributes of imported brands exclusively by department stores based on qualitative study. For the qualitative research, hands-on staff of the branch office who had at least 5 years experience in PB-related positions at one of the four domestic department stores(Lotte, Shinsegae, Hyundai, Galleria), and at least 20 years old adults who had purchased imported brand items exclusively by a certain department store(Shinsegae, Lotte) were included. The asset evaluation attributes of department store-exclusively imported brands were drawn up through the one-to-one in-depth interview method. As a result of qualitative study on the asset evaluation attributes of department store-exclusive importation brands, it turned out that there were 4 factors in view of business entity - stability, profitability, growth potential, and relationship, and that there were 6 factors in view of consumers - product quality, recognition, country of origin, image, preference, and reliability. In comparison with the existing preliminary study, it was notable that relationship in view of business entity, and country of origin in view of consumers were added to the asset elements.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.27-44
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• 2019

This study analyses and discusses on the characteristic and the origin of the exhaustion method caused by the controversy over whether that method succeeded to the Antiphone's complete exhaustion idea and whether that method is similar to the method of limits. First, this study analyses 'principle of exhaustion method' which play an important role in that method in order to grasp the local characteristic of it. And this study speculates the origin of the exhaustion method by considering the time and situation of appearance and looking through the local characteristic of it. Also, this study takes a view of the overall characteristic of the exhaustion method by inquiring into the process of actual application of 'principle of exhaustion method' in a proof. As these results, this study reveals that the exhaustion method uprose not as a succession of Antiphone's idea but as a reaction to its idea, and that the exhaustion method has the recognized character of 'finitude' as distinct from the method of limits.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.435-444
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• 2016

James C. Maxwell published a paper titled "On Governors" in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London in 1868. However, this paper was ignored for about 80 years due to unreadability of the paper itself. In 1948, Norbert Wiener revived this paper and identified it as the first significant control theory paper, which gave Maxwell his due as the first contributor to this theory. The purpose of this article is to provide historical information on the origin of stability analysis through Maxwell's paper, and to revisit the key idea of the paper in view of the present stability theory with clear explanations. This article includes a proof and some illustrative figures of governors that were not shown in the original publication.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.275-279
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• 1993

The early ontogeny of the vascular cambium in the hypocotyl of Eucommia ulmoides seedling was studied anatomically. In transverse view, the procambial cells repeated periclinal divisions and then gradually differentiated into vascular cambium; however, in the transectional plane, it was difficult to reveal the origin of cambial initials. In tangential view, the early procambial cells repeated periclinal divisions and then the procambium consisted of homogeneous short cells. Some cells in late procambium did not show transverse divisions, but elongated continuously. Thus, the procambium showed a heterogeneous structure: The long cells became fusiform initials with tapering end walls and the short cells differentiated into ray initials. Conclusively, the two types of cambial initials were gradually originated from the homogeneous cells at the early procambial stage, and they consisted vascular cambium.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.109-114
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• 2006

The world has become one united world so that it is worthless to divide it into two; the East and West. In the 20th century, eastern perspectives proliferated in western science involving theology, philosophy and psychotherapy. In this time of various trends of ideas emerged minimalism, artistic and cultural current seeking simplicity and conciseness. This current of idea appeared about the time of World War II in visual art, and then expanded to other fields like music, architecture, fashion and philosophy in diverse forms. Minimalism is also presented in interior space with extreme form of simplicity and detail, revealing parts of the space as delicate and pure style with emphasis on purity of the space itself. In this research, demonstrate clear features of eastern view of space appeared in minimalism of interior design mainly in America. The reason the scope of study is limited to America is that America is the origin of minimal art and has been hub of modern design since the 1930s. The research, first, finds out the origin and conceptual idea of minimalism and features of eastern view of space. Based on this understanding, further study has been carried to discover relation of minimalistic interior space to eastern view of space and to analyze eastern characteristic expressed in minimalistic space by examination of cases pertaining to commercial space.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2020

Deep Learning has become the most important technology in the field of artificial intelligence machine learning, with its high performance overwhelming existing methods in various applications. In this paper, an interactive window service based on object recognition technology is proposed. The main goal is to implement an object recognition technology using this deep learning technology to remove the existing eye tracking technology, which requires users to wear eye tracking devices themselves, and to implement an eye tracking technology that uses only usual cameras to track users' eye. We design an interactive system based on efficient eye detection and pupil tracking method that can verify the user's eye movement. To estimate the view-direction of user's eye, we initialize to make the reference (origin) coordinate. Then the view direction is estimated from the extracted eye pupils from the origin coordinate. Also, we propose a blink detection technique based on the eye apply ratio (EAR). With the extracted view direction and eye action, we provide some augmented information of interest without the existing complex and expensive eye-tracking systems with various service topics and situations. For verification, the user guiding service is implemented as a proto-type model with the school map to inform the location information of the desired location or building.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.127-137
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• 2007

Objects : This study was designed to determine origin-plants of 3 kinds of Scrophulariaceae herbs reported worldwide 220 families 3000 species, domestic 21 families 55 species by researching efficacy of each herb. Furthermore the objects of study were confirmation of genuine species and substitution species standing on the results. Methods : In this studies, the origin-plants and efficacy were determined by bibliographic method. Results : The results indicate that 1. There were total 15 species of original plants of Scrophulariaceae herbs, 9 species for Radix Scrophulariae, 4 species for Radix Rehmanniae Recens, 2 species for Rhizoma Picrorrhizae. 2. In the view of authenticity of Radix Scrophulariae, there were 2 genuine species, 1 species for substitution, and study of 6 species later on. 3. In the view of authenticity of Radix Rehmanniae Recens, there were 2 genuine species, 1 species for substitution, and study of 1 species later on. 4. In the view of authenticity of Rhizoma Picrorrhizae, all the original species was genuine species. 5. The each efficacy of origin-plants were reported in the main subject. Conclusions : The 15 original plants were present among the 3 medicinal herbs in the common family scrophul ariaceae. There were 2 genuine species in Radix Scrophulariae and Rhizoma Picrorrhizae. All the original species was genuine species in Rhizoma Picrorrhizae.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.232-240
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the predictors of marriage outlook for university students in Korea. Method: A convenience sampling method was used and 438 university students were studied for final analysis. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires which were constructed to include Marriage outlook scale, Family-of-origin Scale-55 and Sexual Knowledge & Attitude Test. Results: Marriage outlook for university students didn't demonstrate a positive point of view. There were positive correlations between marriage outlook, health of the family of origin and sexual awareness. The significant factors influencing marriage outlook of university students were current dating, health of the family of origin, gender, and religion. These factors explained 10.6% of marriage outlook of university students. Conclusions: These results support that special programs are needed in inducing a change in marriage outlook to overcome the low birthrate of Korea. These programs need to consider personal factors including the health of the family of origin, gender and religion.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.47-58
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to trace the architectural origin of the Bosung College Library (1935~37), which is currently used as Graduate School Building of Korea University. So far, numerous books have repeatedly described that the library was modelled on a Duke University library, but without any serious consideration. Through literature review, field-trip and archives investigation, this research discovered new critical facts concerning the origin of the building. First, Dong-Jin Park, the architect for Bosung College, saw a photograph of the Duke library in a Duke University catalog possessed by Chun Suk Auh, Professor of the college at that time. Second, the Duke library that he saw in the catalog, which might possibly be Bulletin of Duke University (Feb. 1931), is certainly the present Perkins Library (1930) in Duke University West Campus. Third, the architect probably referred not only to the library but also to other Duke buildings such as School of Medicine and The Union, of which photographs were also published impressively in the Bulletin. Although the Bosung College Library was inspired by the Duke buildings, however, it is undoubtedly a creative design work by the architect Park. Arguably, these findings broaden our view of Korean architectural history in the modernization period, and it is more than a confirmation of just one building's origin.