• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.21 no.4 s.62
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• pp.11-18
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Incheon adjacent sea, and antimicrobial effect on growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide and combination of lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The detected strains were compared geographical, months and sample types. The distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was high at Ganghwa county with 66.1%(336 samples), on 7-9 months with 72.4%(386 samples) and from tireland with 75.0%(90 samples), respectively. The minimun inhibitory concentration (MIC) of lactic acid in Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 1250 ppm at pH 6.5 and 7.0, 625 ppm at pH 6.0. respectively. The minimun inhibitory concentration (MIC) of hydrogen peroxide in Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 25 ppm at pH 6.5 and 7.0, 12.5 ppm at pH 6.0, respectively. MICs of combined treatment of lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide in Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 625 ppm of lactic acid with 12.5 ppm of hydrogen peroxide. The correlations between MICs of lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide in Vibrio parahaemolyticus were obtained through the coefficient of determination($R^2$). $R^2$ value were 1.0000. The antimicrobial effect of lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide in Vibrio parahaemolyticus could be confirmed from the result of this experiment.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.430-434
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• 2009

Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences have been widely used for the studies on molecular phylogeny, evolutional history, and molecular detections. Bacterial genomes have multiple rRNA operons, of which gene sequences sometimes are variable. In the present study, heterogeneity of the Vibrio 16S rRNA gene sequences were investigated. Vibrio 16S rRNA sequences were obtained from GenBank databases, considering the completion of gene annotation of Vibrio genome sequences. These included V. cholerae, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. splendidus, and V. vulnificus. Chromosome 1 of the studied Vibrio had 7~10 copies of the 16S rRNA gene, and their intragenomic variations were less than 0.9% dissimilarity (more than 99.1% DNA similarity). Chromosome 2 had none or single 16S rRNA gene. Intragenomic 16S rRNA genotypes were detected at least 5 types (V. vulnificus #CMCP6) to 8 types (V. parahaemolyticus #RIMD 2210633, V. harveyi #ATCC BAA-1116). These suggest that Vibrio has high heterogeneity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.207-218
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• 2021

This study evaluated the risk of foodborne illness from highly pathogenic Vibrio spp. (Vibrio vulnificus and V. cholerae) by raw whip-arm octopus (Octopus minor) consumption. In total 180 samples of raw whip-arm octopus were collected from markets and examined for the prevalence of V. vulnificus and V. cholerae. Predictive models describing the kinetic behavior of Vibrio spp. in raw whip-arm octopus were developed, and the data on amounts and frequency of raw whip-arm octopus consumption were collected. Using the collected data, a risk assessment simulation was conducted to estimate the probability of foodborne illness raw whip-arm octopus consumption using @RISK. Initial contamination levels of Vibrio spp. in raw whip-arm octopus were -3.9 Log colony-forming unit/g, as estimated by beta distribution fitting. The developed predictive models were appropriate to describe Vibrio spp. in raw whip-arm octopus during distribution and storage with R² values of 0.946-0.964. The consumption frequency and daily consumption amounts of raw whip-arm octopus per person were 0.47% and 57.65 g, respectively. The probability of foodborne illness from raw whip-arm octopus consumption was estimated to be 8.71 × 10^-15 for V. vulnificus and 7.08 × 10^-13 for V. cholerae. These results suggest that the risk of Vibrio spp. infection from raw whip-arm octopus consumption is low in South Korea.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.2 no.2 s.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 1987

The genus Vibrio contains some of the most important intestinal pathogens of humans, including Vibrio cholerae, the cause of epidemic Asiatic cholera. A group of organisms which have been reffered to as the non-agglutinating vibrio (NAG) do not agglutinate in the Vibrio cholerae 0 group 1 antisera, but are indistinguishable from the 0-1 group both chemically and genetically. Non-O-l Vibrio cholerae can cause isolated as well as focal outbreaks of diarrhea, but the volume of fluid loss does not approach that of classic cholera, and the disease is usually self-limiting. These free-living organisms are found world-widely distributed in the environment including sewage, contaminated water, estuaries, seafood and animals. These strains involved in several cases were isolated from the environment and some patients of diarrhea, and a few epidemiologic reports indicated the wide distribution of the strains throughout the country, giving an attention to the role the organisms may play in an outbreak of diarrhea in Korea. More research on the epidemiology, serologic typing and virulence of the group of organisms, should be, therefore, done to obtain a complete understanding of their role in human disease.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.53-55
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• 1982

The author was carried out bacteriological identification, and in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the different chemotherapeutic agents including chloramphenicol to Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the stool of the patient's diarrhea. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Biochemical properties of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from patients with diarrheal food poisoning was showed Table 1. 2) The sensitivity pattern of the isolated strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were sensitive to chloramphenicol, sulfonamide, kanamycin and colistin. But tetracycline, penicillin and leucomycin were resistant.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 1979

Author studied on the distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus the sea water and shellfish, oyster, sea squirt in the protof Busan in 1978. The results obtained were as follows: The numbers of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from the sample of sea water and marine products 80 cases were 11 strains (13.8%).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.222-227
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• 2001

The members of the genus Vibrio include harmless aquatic strain as well as strains capable of causing infections in human and fish. Pathogenic mechanisms are only understood for Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 and not for the majority of Vibrio species. Twelve clinical and nonclinical strains were examined by in vitro and in vivo experiments for the importance of extracellular enzymes as a virulence determinant of Vibrio species. In vivo cytotoxicity assay was performed by injecting approximately $10^{8}$ cells/mL into mice (BALB/c). V. harvyi and V. vulnificus showed 100% lethality within 3hr after bacterial injection. V. fluvialis and four strains of V. parahaemolyticus showed 50% lethality within 4hr. V. mimicus, V. alginolyticus and V. furnissii revealed 30% lethality within 9hr. Nonclinical strains, V. campbellii and V. ordalii, did not show any lethality. In vitro protease and hemolytic activities were also good indicators for clinical and nonclinical strains of Vibrio species. The clinical strains showed much higher activities than nonclinical strains. The activity of some clinical strains of re-isolates was evidently increased. Most clinical strains had $\beta$ hemolytic activity. The results demonstrate that the prevalent distribution of extracellular proteases in pathogenic Vibrio sp. implies their importance as a virulence determinant.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.625-630
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• 2019

The pathogenic Vibrio genus contains halophilic bacteria that are distributed in marine and freshwater environments. Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are potent human pathogens and leading causes of septicemia, wound infection, and seafood-borne gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of pathogenic Vibrio species in seawater off the west coast of Korea. Sixty-four seawater samples were obtained from different sites in Gomso Bay and Byeonsan from April 2018 to November 2018. Pathogenic Vibrio species were detected using a combination of most probable number (MPN)-polymerase chain reaction methods. V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus were found in 0.0%, 20.3%, and 65.6% of seawater samples, respectively. Quantitative results revealed 3.6-23 MPN/100 mL of V. vulnificus, and 3.6-930 MPN/100 mL of V. parahaemolyticus in the samples. Overall, these results provide new insight into the necessity for seawater sanitation in Gomso Bay and Byunsan; they also provide evidence that will help reduce outbreaks of seafood-borne illness caused by pathogenic Vibrio species.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2005

Two bacterial isolates obtained from rotifer and diseased olive flounder larvae, Paralichthys olivaceus, were identified as Vibrio ichthyoenteri based on the results of phenotypic characterization. In an attempt to develop rapid PCR method for the detection of V. ichthyoenteri, we examined the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region(ISR) of V. ichthyoenteri and developed species-specific primer for V. ichthyoenteri. Analysis of the ISR sequences showed that V. ichthyoenteri contains one type of polymorphic ISRs. The size of ISRs was 348 bp length and did not contain tRNA genes. Mutiple alignment of representative sequences from different V. species revealed several domains of high sequence variability, and allowed to design species-specific primer for detection of V. ichthyoenteri. The specificity of the primer was examined using genomic DNA prepared from 19 different V. species, isolated 18group Vibrio species and most similar sequence of other known Vibrio species. The results showed that the PCR reaction using species-specific primer designed in this study can be used to detect V. ichthyoenteri.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2003

The effects of pine needle extract and horseradish on the growth of Vibrio isolated from crab and flat fish were investigated. The isolated Vibrios were identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus HY I and V. vulnificus FST I by Api 20E kit. The growth of V. parahaemolyticus HY 1, V. vulnificus FST I and V. perahaernolytich ATCC17802 were inhibited in tryptic soy broth (TSB) containing 1% pine needle ethanol extract. The growth of the Vibrios was more 2 log inhibited in TSB containing 1% pine needle extract and 1% horseradish than in TSB containing 1% horseradish alone. Viable cells of tile Vibrios were decreased more rapidly about 2~3 log in soysauce containing 1% pine needle extract and 1% of horseradish than in soysauce and in soysauce containing 1% horeseradish. Sensory quality of horseradish sauce containing 1% of pine needle extract was similar to that of horseradish sauce (p<0.05).