• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.291-297
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of the electromyographic activity in vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL), also vastus medialis oblique/vastus lateralis ratios after wearing wedged flated or 5cm heel shoes. The subjects were 30 healthy women who randomly assigned to two group, divided by flated or 5cm heel group. They were asked to perform squat exercise in two postures using medial and lateral wedged shoes. In two groups, EMG activity of VMO and VL was significant difference between the flated heel and 5cm heel (p<.01). This study showed that 5cm heel could selectively more active VMO than flated heel. It should be considered the heel height as the parameter when the patient with lower extremity problem undergo rehabilitation exercise or design of orthoses for the selective muscle activity of knee pain or knee instability.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.39-43
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate of effect of medial & inferior gliding of patella using non-elastic taping on muscle activation of vastus medialis & vastus lateralis during sit to st&ing. As a result of measure, it was confirmed that the muscle activity of vastus medialis is higher than total muscle activity when the inferomedial gilding compared to the medial gliding. The medial & downward gliding of patella more stable than medial direction. especially it will be effective on prevent or control of Patellofemoral pain syndrome. In this regard, the development of orthosis & sportswear for inferomedial gliding to patella will be efficiency to maintain healthy the knee joint.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how different knee alignments (genu varum and genu valgum) affected activations of quadriceps muscles with measurements of onset-time differences between vastus medialis and vastus lateralis during isometric contractions at both 30 and 60 degree knee flexion. Methods: Fifty-two adults (20 genu varum, 12 genu valgum, and 20 control) were enrolled in this study. Subjects with over 4cm distance between knee medial epicondyles were assigned to Genu varum, while subjects with over 4cm distance between ankles medial malleolus were considered as genu valgum group. Surface EMG was used to measure onset time of both vastus medialis and vastus lateralis during isometric contraction at 30 and 60 degree knee flexion. Results: The onset time of vastus lateralis was delayed in genu varum group, and that of vastus medialis was delayed in genu valgum group at both 30 and 60 degree knee flexions. Moreover, onset time difference at $30^{\circ}$ knee flexion between muscles was larger in genu valgum group than genu varum group. Conclusion: Subjects with genu varum or valgum activated quadriceps muscles with different orders pending on flexion degrees. Therefore, when quadriceps training program were planned to prevent pain or deformities, the findings that quadriceps were activated with different orders affected by knee alignments and joint degree at which trainings were performed, must be considered. If the selective training programs of quadriceps femoris are planned to prevent pain or deformities due to poor knee alignments, these should consider the subject's knee alignment condition.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2012

Background: This study was performed to identify what effect plyometric exercise with application of kinesio taping gives on muscle activity and power of lower limb. Methods: In order to conduct research, total 14 male students at G university located Gwangyang city were randomly assigned; 7 for experimental group (with kinesio taping application) and 7 for control groups(without kinesio taping application) were conducted with box drill, one of the plyometric exercise 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Muscle activities were measured by using electrodiagnosis equipment on quadriceps and gastrocnemius. Collected data was analyzed by using Windows SPSS version 19.0. Results: Muscle activities show statistically significant differences (p<.05) both before and after exercise in experimental and control groups in terms of vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and lateral gastrocnemius. However, only medial gastrocnemius shows statistically significant differences in experimental group compared before and after exercise. Sargent jump for measuring power shows that only experimental group presents statistically significant differences (p<.05). Two groups show that vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, lateral gastrocnemius and medial gastrocnemius only in muscle activities show statistically significant differences (p<.05) after exercise. Conclusion: The result of this survey indicates that plyometric exercise is effective to improve muscle activity and power of lower limb, especially, the group who exercises with application of kinesio tape is more effective than the other group with no tape application. Therefore, it is considered that plyometric exercise with tape is more effective to improve power and muscle strength.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of foot orthotics on the overall comfort and muscle activity during running. The subjects were 10 members from the joggers' club which consisted of 2 women and 8 men. These individuals ran on the treadmill by 4.0m/s speed with and without the custom foot orthotics. The data concerning the overall comfort was collected by a questionairre that examined the overall comfort, heel cushioning, forefoot cushioning, medio-lateral control, arch height, heel cup fit, shoe heel width, forefoot width, and shoe length The MegaWin ver. 2.1(Mega Electronics lid, Ma. Finland) was used to gain electromyography signals of the muscle activity; Tibialis anterior, medial gastronemius, lateral gastronemius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, and rectus femoris were measured. The results of the study were as follows. 1. During running the overall comfort was higher for the foot arthotic condition than the nonorthotic condition. Among the inquiries the overall comfort showed the biggest difference comparing the two conditions. and the shoe heel width showed the highest score for contort. 2 The muscle activity of the biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis in the stance period decreased. due to the foot orthotics. The muscle activity of the vastus medialis in the swing period also decreased and the muscle activity tibialis anterior in the stance and swing stance decreased as well During running, orthotics showed positive result in foot comfort. The foot comfort related to decreased stress, muscle activity, and foot arch strain. Overall comfort and the adequate decrease of muscle activity were associated with injury prevention and the best method to prevent injury semms to be the maintenance of foot comfort.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2008

This study performed in order to investigate the effect of isometric resistance exercise for vastus medialis oblique muscle with EMG(electromyography) biofeedback training which are applied to the patello-femoral joint of patients with osteoarthritis on the improve of function. The subjects had no neuromuscular disorders, and they were elder patients with osteoarthritis, 20 women. And the experiment was performed in control group, taping with EMG biofeedback training group respectively, and the measurement was carried out before and after the treatment and 4 weeks after the treatment. Motor unit action potential analysis with surface electromyography showed a significant change in RMS(root mean square) amplitude and MDF(median frequency) in vastus medialis oblique muscle(p<0.05). VMO/VL(vastus medialis oblique/vastus lateralis oblique) MDF ratio showed a significant change between groups(p<0.05). Taping with EMG biofeedback training applied to patello-femoral joint of osteoarthritis patients appeared to be effective for muscle function improvement. However, increase of muscular force in vastus medialis oblique muscle appears to have a positive effect on improve of function along with correction effect on patella malalignment. In conclusion, in case of osteoarthritis patients with loss of patello-femoral joint function, it appears to be effective to practice isometric resistance exercise of vastus medialis oblique muscle selective with taping.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.7-12
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• 2011

Purpose : We studied the correlation between reference voluntary contraction (% RVC) of vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM), Berg balance scale (BBS), and timed-up & go (TUG) test. Methods : We recruited 30 stroke patients from a rehabilitation center at a hospital.? All subjects could walk with or without an assisting device. Subjects were evaluated with % RVC of VL and VM, BBS, and TUG. The data were analyzed using a Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : The % RVC of VL and VM and BBS (p<0.01) showed a significant positive correlation. TUG negatively correlated with % RVC of VL and VM and BBS (p<0.01). Conclusion : Lower extremity muscle activity increases balance and walking ability. We recommend the implementation of lower extremity strength exercises in the rehabilitation of stroke patient.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

Background: Hamstring shortness results in the inappropriate activation of the quadriceps femoris because of the loss of the reciprocal inhibition mechanism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of that activation during lunge exercises on the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, medial, and lateral hamstrings in participants with hamstring shortness and normal length. Design: Quasi-experimental design Methods: Participants were divided into a hamstring shortness group(n=20) and a hamstring normal length group(n=23), based on a hamstring length test. During lunge exercises, muscle activation of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, medial, and lateral hamstrings were measured by electromyography. Results: Each muscle tested was less activated in the hamstring shortness group than in the hamstring normal length group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p>.05). Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference between the shortness and normal hamstring groups during short lunge exercise time, longer exercising periods will result in the inappropriate activation of the quadriceps femoris. During lunge exercise, hamstring shortness causes an imbalance activation of quadriceps femoris and hamstring, and continuous hamstring shortness can cause damage on joints of lower limb.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of electromyography (EMG)-biofeedback training on lower extremity muscle activity and balance of patients with total knee replacement (TKR). Methods: Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups: experimental and control group. Subjects in the experimental group (n=10) were provided with quadriceps setting exercise by EMG-biofeedback (QSE+BF) and those in the control group were provided with QSE. Subjects in both groups were provided with the respective training programs for 20 minutes per session, five times per week, for a period of six weeks. To test significance, data analysis was performed using repeated-ANOVAs. Results: Statistically significant differences in muscle activity of the rectus femoris muscle and the vastus lateralis, and dynamic balance ability were observed in the experimental group, compared with the control group. In comparison of the muscle activity of the rectus femoris muscle and the vastus lateralis, and dynamic balance ability between different training periods within the groups, both groups showed statistically significant differences. Conclusion: EMG-biofeedback training is effective in improving lower extremity muscle activity and balance ability of patients with TKR, and should be effective in patients with other diseases.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2005

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is often attributed to malalignment and maltracking of patella within the patellofemoral joint. Most exercise for PFPS has focused on selectively strengthening the vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO). This study was designed to identify the effect of medial, lateral wedge and difference of Quadriceps angle (Q-angle) on vastus medialis oblique/vastus lateralis muscle (VL) activity ratios. The subjects were twenty young adult males who had not experienced any knee injury. They were asked to perform isometric contraction exercises in three postures using medial and lateral wedge. The EMG activity of the VL and VMO were recorded in three postures by surface electrodes and normalized by %MVC values derived from seated, isometric knee extensions. The normalized EMG activity levels (%MVC) of the VL and VMO for the three postures of the lower extremities were compared using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA with 1 between-subject factor (group), and 1 within-subject factor (wedge). Results of repeated measures of ANOVA's revealed that the medial wedge isometric contraction exercise produced significantly greater EMG activity of VMO/VL ratios in Group I (Q-angle $18^{\circ}$ or less) (p<.05). But, the medial wedge isometric contraction exercise was no significant difference of VMO/VL ratios in Group II (Q-angle $19^{\circ}$ or more) (p>.05). These results have important implications for selective VMO muscle strengthening exercises in PFPS patients.