• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.344-354
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of FRB's policy rate adjustments on the 10 years Korea Treasury Bond (KTB) market. Our results are summarized as follows. First, it is found that the FRB's policy rate adjustments are statistically significant positive impact on the 10 years KTB yield. Based on projection, the 10bp increases in FRB's policy rate generates 7bp higher in 10 years KTB yield. Second, the result from after the Lehman bankruptcy in '08 is found to be statistically significant, while that of before financial crisis is not. Third, the variable, in which consistent with yield difference between the 10 years UTB(US Treasury Bond) and the 10 years KTB, is found that is statistically significant positive impact in 1% significance level. And also given that Brunner(2000) exhibited that the Federal Fund Rate innovations are found to impact on other economic variables through the impulse response, the 10 years KTB yield is found to respond to innovation in the Federal Fund Rate up to about 12 months.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2006

In order to catch out such Bond Strength, the preceding researchers had ever examined the Bond Strength of FRP Plate through their experimentations by setting up of various fluent. However, since the experiment for research on such Bond Strength takes much of expenditure for equipment structure and time-consuming, also difficult to carry out, it is conducting limitedly. This Study purposes to develop the most suitable Artificial Neural Network Model by application of various Neural Network Model and Algorithm to the adhering experiment data of the preceding researchers. Output Layer of Artificial Neural Network Model, and Input Layer of Bond Strength were performed the learning by selection as the variable of the thickness, width, adhered length, the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and the compressive strength of concrete, tensile strength, width, respectively. The developed Artificial Neural Network Model has applied Back-Propagation, and its error was learnt to be converged within the range of 0.001. Besides, the process for generalization has dissolved the problem of Over-Fitting in the way of more generalized method by introduction of Bayesian Technique. The verification on the developed Model was executed by comparison with the resulted value of Bond Strength made by the other preceding researchers which was never been utilized to the learning as yet.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.10
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• pp.2615-2628
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• 1997

In this paper, a new codebook design algorithm is proposed. It uses a DCT map based on two-dimensional discrete cosine of transform (2D DCT) and finite state vector quantizer (FSVQ) when the vector quantizer is designed for image transmission. We make the map by dividing input image according to edge quantity, then by the map, the significant features of training image are extracted by using the 2D DCT. A master codebook of FSVQ is generated by partitioning the training set using binary tree based on tree-structure. The state codebook is constructed from the master codebook, and then the index of input image is searched at not master codebook but state codebook. And, because the coding of index is important part for high speed digital transmission, it converts fixed length codes to variable length codes in terms of entropy coding rule. The huffman coding assigns transmission codes to codes of codebook. This paper proposes single-side growing huffman tree to speed up huffman code generation process of huffman tree. Compared with the pairwise nearest neighbor (PNN) and classified VQ (CVQ) algorithm, about Einstein and Bridge image, the new algorithm shows better picture quality with 2.04 dB and 2.48 dB differences as to PNN, 1.75 dB and 0.99 dB differences as to CVQ respectively.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.235-254
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• 2019

This study identifies a factor structure regarding the criterion of terror awareness by using confirmatory factor analysis. The study provides information whether the criterion fits in the analysis of terror awareness in Korea or not. Data of 176 public officials working at the National Assembly collected in 「Study on the Improvement of Security in the National Assembly Building」(Choi O-Ho and others, 2016) was used in the analysis. Study results showed the fit statistics of 3 questions regarding concern in terror, 5 questions regarding cognition of terror occurrence, 3 questions regarding countermeasure of terror, and 3 questions regarding equipments against terror satisfied the standard. Also, standard regression coefficient exceeded the standard and was shown to be fit. Concern in terror, as a latent variable, was below the standard value of average variance extracted. However, focused validity was secured by obtaining other values fit. This study proceeded distinct validation test to supplement data. The test results showed that the criterion level was fit. Thus, further survey should include questions that are appropriate to measure the awareness of terror based not only on theories and previous studies but also on questions of terror awareness tested in this study. Such development in surveys will support the means of data measurement.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1610-1615
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• 2007

Genus Sorbus is a long lived woody species that is primarily distributed throughout Asia and Europe. This species is regarded as very important herbal medicines in Korea and China. Sorbus commixta is primarily distributed throughout Europe. We evaluated a representative sample of the four taxa with nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences (ITS) to estimate genetic relationships within genus. Aligned nucleotide sequences of the length of ITS1 were nearly constant within genus Sorbus varying from 219 in S. aucuparia to 218 in the rest species. Especially, the 5.8S subunit of all taxa of Sorbus was found to constant of 165 bp nucleotides. However, aligned nucleotide sequences of the length of ITS2 vary from 240 in S. sambucifolia var. pseudogrcilisto 245 in S. aucuparia. Total alignment length is 629 positions, of which 35 are parsimony-informative, 32 variable but parsimony-uninformative, and 552 constant characters. The base furtherance showed the difference to the by a total taxon: an average A and T are 17.7% and G and C are 30.4%, 34.2%, respectively. All the four taxa beginning with conserved base paired triplets emerging from single strand regions (domain I). Noteworthy, in the RNA secondary structure proposed for the three Korean Sorbus taxa RNA transcript ITS2, which shows a remarkedly well-conserved folding (domain II). When compared to the European Sorbus (S. aucuparia) of ITS2. ITS analysis may be useful in germ-plasm classification several taxa of genus Sorbus.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 1999

Through manifestation of the principles of commodity production spatial sharing of labour can be observed in the agriculture as well as in cattle production. Better adjustment of the production structure to the environment factors brings higher yields and more effective production. In being able to maximize the profit the entrepreneurs opt for producing output that closely matches to their featuring conditions. In contrary to the relatively high "mobility" of crop production animal husbandry and within this cattle production - as known - is strictly chained to forage production. On the basis of our economic research and as a result of multivariable analysis(factor analysis) it can be concluded that two variable groups(factors) are highly dominant in organizing profitable cattle production. First of them is the crop site factor (indicated by gold crown value), the second is the forage production feature(forage and grassland area and the yield of them). During recent years the weight of environmental factors suffered from devaluation. As a result of the central economic administration differentiating effects were suppressed and the chances of equalizing concepts strengthened. The outcome can be observed even today. In the regions, for example, being predominantly suitable for grass and forage cropping the milk and slaughter cattle production decreased. The same is ture for com and pig production regions. Unexploitment of local environmental features can be observed mainly in grassland management. Branches being potential user of grasslands hardly take them into consideration. Main method of rational use of grasslands is pasturing. Presence of pastures and the usage of them through cattle production is highly important not only for profitable production but also for maintaining ecological stability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

This study analyzed the effects of labor aging on labor productivity using panel statistics of 16 local governments from 1995 to 2017. The aging of the labor force, defined as the proportion of workers aged 60 or older in total employment, in the results of the panel regression analysis considering regional fixed effects and various adjustment variables, has a very consistent and significant negative effect on labor productivity. For every 1% increase in aging, labor productivity decreases by about 0.14 ~ 0.20%. In addition, the per capita capital stock and human capital considered as adjustment variables contributed to the increase of labor productivity, and the unemployment rate, which is a proxy variable of the economic fluctuation, has a significant negative effect on labor productivity as expected. The coefficient of the industrial structure, which represents the share of the service industry in the whole industry, was positive, but is not significant. The results of this study suggest that the design and construction of economic and educational policies that can maintain and expand human capital are necessary to curb the reduction in labor productivity expected by the aging workforce.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_1
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• pp.1111-1124
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• 2021

Mudflats are crucial for understanding the ecological structure and biological function of coastal ecosystem because of its high primary production by microalgae. There have been many studies on measuring primary productivity of tidal flats for the estimation of organic carbon abundance, but it is relatively recent that optical remote sensing technique, particularly hyperspectral sensing, was used for it. This study investigates hyperspectral sensing of chlorophyll concentration on a tidal flat surface, which is a key variable in deriving primary productivity. The study site is a mudflat in Geunso bay, South Korea and field campaigns were conducted at ebb tide in April and June 2021. Hyperspectral reflectance of the mudflat surfaces was measured with two types of hyperspectral sensors; TriOS RAMSES (directionalsensor) and the Specim-IQ (camera sensor), and Normal Differenced Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Contiuum Removal Depth (CRD) were used to estimate Chl-a from the optical measurements. The validation performed against independent field measurements of Chl-a showed that both CRD and NDVI can retrieve surface Chl-a with R² around 0.7 for the Chl-a range of 0~150 mg/m² tested in this study.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.67-78
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• 2021

After World War II, modular housing was developed as a means of quickly and efficiently meeting the housing supply demand. For the past 30 plus years, efforts have been made to improve modular housing in South Korea and to increase their competitiveness in the housing market. This study investigated modular houses based on a steel framed rahem structure which provides a flexible floor plan where walls are easily reconfigured to create rooms of various sizes and functions. Similar to the factory production methods used in the automotive industry, the modular housing industry can also benefit by standardizing such aspects as building components, manufacturing and construction methods, materials, process management, and floor plans. This study examined the feasibility of using a 3m × 3m module for developing various floor plans which are easy to produce and transport. Each 3m × 3m module can be configured to meet different living needs resulting in a complete home when multiple modules are connected. The module configurations can be varied to meet ground transportation and crane limitations. This study found that a 3m × 3m steel framed modular unit is a promising step towards providing residents with plans that meet their living preferences while improving and increasing the supply of modular houses.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.31-41
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• 2021

This study was conducted to determine how the family relationships of the middle-aged affect their life satisfaction and how family support services regulate the association between the two factors. A total of 8,695 middle-aged residents(aged 50 to 64 years) were chosen from among resident-respondents of the needs survey administered to establish the 4th local social security plan in Gyeonggi-do. The moderating effect of family support services on the relation between family relationship difficulties and life satisfaction was investigated. The analysis showed that the life satisfaction experienced by the middle-aged is slightly higher than the middle level. The lower the difficulty in family relationships, the higher the use of family support services, the more women than men, and the better the economy, the higher the life satisfaction of middle-aged. As a moderating variable, family support services significantly moderate the effects of family relationship difficulties experienced by the middle-aged on life satisfaction. The results are meaningful in that they comprehensively shed light on the difficulties that confront family relationships and the relationship structure of family support services, thereby contributing to the search for life satisfaction among the middle-aged in Gyeonggi-do.