• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.215-240
• /
• 2006

The purposes of this study is to explore the effect of parents' related variables, children related variables and the familism related variable on the two types of filial piety behaviors, which are the traditional familism type of filial piety and the individualistic type of filial piety. The former is measured by the coresidence with parents, financial support to parents, while the latter is measured by visiting to parents' house and phone calling on parents. The data used in this study are "the national survey for filial piety consciousness" administered by Gyeonggi Cultural Foundation, the 598 married children are analysed. The key findings are followings. The first one is that the attributes related our traditional familism are still the important factors affecting on both the familism type of filial piety and individualistic types of filial piety. The second is that the children who fulfill the traditional familism type of filial piety also do well the individualistic type of filial piety.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.61 no.3
• /
• pp.415-423
• /
• 2018

Objective : To identify the perioperative factors associated with instrument failure in patients undergoing a partial corpectomy with instrumentation (PCI) for spinal metastasis. Methods : We assessed the one hundred twenty-four patients with who underwent PCI for a metastatic spine from 1987 to 2011. Outcome measure was the risk factor related to implantation failure. The preoperative factors analyzed were age, sex, ambulation, American Spinal Injury Association grade, bone mineral density, use of steroid, primary tumor site, number of vertebrae with metastasis, extra-bone metastasis, preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and preoperative spinal radiotherapy. The intraoperative factors were the number of fixed vertebrae, fixation in osteolytic vertebrae, bone grafting, and type of surgical approach. The postoperative factors included postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and spinal radiotherapy. This study was supported by the National Research Foundation grant funded by government. There were no study-specific biases related to conflicts of interest. Results : There were 15 instrumentation failures (15/124, 12.1%). Preoperative ambulatory status and primary tumor site were not significantly related to the development of implant failure. There were no significant associations between insertion of a bone graft into the partial corpectomy site and instrumentation failure. The preoperative and operative factors analyzed were not significantly related to instrumentation failure. In univariable and multivariable analyses, postoperative spinal radiotherapy was the only significant variable related to instrumentation failure (p=0.049 and 0.050, respectively). Conclusion : When performing PCI in patients with spinal metastasis followed by postoperative spinal radiotherapy, the surgeon may consider the possibility of instrumentation failure and find other strategies for augmentation than the use of a bone graft for fusion.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.566-572
• /
• 2016

Software Reliability implemented in software development is one of the most important issues. In finite failure NHPP software reliability models for software failure analysis, the hazard function that means a failure rate may have constant independently for failure time, non-increasing or non-decreasing pattern. In this study, software development cost analysis considering the variable shape parameter of Erlang distribution as the failure life distribution in the software product testing process was studied. The software failure model was applied finite failure Non-Homogeneous Poisson Procedure and the parameters approximation using maximum likelihood estimation was accompanied. Thus, this paper was presented comparative analysis by applying a software failure time data to the software, considering the shape parameter of Erlang distribution for development cost model analysis. When compared to the cost curve in accordance with the shape parameter, the model of smaller shape can be seen that the optimal software release time delay and more cost. Through this study, it is thought that it can serve as a preliminary information which can basically help the software developers to search for development cost according to software shape parameters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.450-458
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of university knowledge capital on the local business activity in the Korean local governments in the year 2015. We found that the increase of the standard deviation of university patent, scientific publications, incumbent firms, and industrial property rights raised the number of new knowledge-intensive firms to 15%, 11%, 54%, and 22%, respectively, in the local economy. In addition, the coefficient which reflects the interaction effects of the knowledge capital between universities and local industries was significant in the given area in the year. On the other hand, in the control variables, the coefficients for the size of local government, population density, and percentage of 20s~40s out of the total population in the local government were significant, showing above 90% level except for the variable of the distance between a local government and Seoul. In particular, when the knowledge capital of the university and industry coexists, the synergistic effect which has influence on the foundation of knowledge-intensive firms was meaningful despite the small scale, and these two types of knowledge capital could be complementary in creating new knowledge-intensive firms in the Korean local economy.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the related factors which decide the percentage of health care expenditure of the total fiscal expenditure of local governments and to provide the basic data to contribute for the efficient allotment of healthcare budget. Methods: This study was conducted by the percentage of health care expenditure for 3 years by classifying a total of 230 local governments into the metropolitan cities (gu, 69), the counties (si, 75), and the boroughs (gun, 86) all over the country. With the collected data, the general characteristics of independent variables and the dependent variable were analysed using SPSS ver. 18.0, The correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis were conducted for the characteristics of variables according to regions by year. Results: In correlation between health care expenditure by year and other variables, there was a significant positive correlation with unemployment rate, metropolitan cities (gu) and other regions, the percentage of health center personnel, health care expenditure in last year as a independent factors. On the other hand there was no correlation with social assistance recipients and the percentage of aging population, financial self-reliance, industrialization rate, suicide rate, cardiac disease mortality, cerebrovascular mortality on health care expenditure. Conclusion: The study clearly shows that health care expenditure of local governance was not correlated with health care need factors comparing social welfare expenditure.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.78-84
• /
• 2016

Weapon, command, and communication system have been continually developed in the Korean military since last several decades. However, it is always asked to make a more effort on improving the ability of combat capability through people in order to achieve and maximize military power. In terms of improving the battlefield leadership, this research focused on ROTC(Reserve Officers'Training Corps), because the training junior officers lays a great foundation on basic strength of the military. This study theoretically and empirically examined the ROTC's quality and effectiveness of leadership. The proposed research model and hypotheses are mainly composed of four factors: personality, esprit de corps, and professionalism as independent variables; leadership effectiveness as a dependent variable. The empirical result revealed that esprit de corps, professionalism, and personality have a meaningful influence on leadership effectiveness. It is suggested that an ongoing training and education program of leadership for ROTC should be applied for achieving a better leadership effectiveness on the battlefield.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.29-44
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide substantial foundation to establish effective sex education plan for female college students. For this purpose, we compared female college students with health related majors and the ones with non-health related majors in knowledge in sex, attitude toward sex, and sexual experience. We took the form of self-recording to survey 269 single female college students. The result is as follows. For knowledge in sex, including reproductive organs, contraception, delivery, sexual disease, and sexual intercourse, students with health-related majors(20.59) gained higher scores than students with non-health related majors(16.82). Scores for attitude toward sex indicated 2.43 for the health related majors and 2.35 for the non-health related majors. Attitude toward pre-marital sex, sex admissibility, and abortion showed especially distinct result between the two groups. Whether a student has ever engaged in sexual intercourse served as a significant variable to determine knowledge in sex overall, and the indexes such as sexual pleasure, chasteness, marital values, and attitude towards sex indicated significant differences. The result may be interpreted that the students with sexual experience tend to show more open attitude toward sex. The result indicated that contraception, pregnancy, and delivery were the parts that the participants most wanted to be educated on. Knowledge in sex is both positively correlated with attitude toward sex and sexual behavior. Also, the result indicates that knowledge in sex, both subjective and objective, significantly affects sexual behavior.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.22-48
• /
• 2004

Information systems that are not used cannot be useful. In order to increase user acceptance, it is necessary to understand why people accept or reject information systems. Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) is one of the most influential research models for studying determinants how users accept information systems. Recently, Knowledge Management Systems(KMS) have become important components of corporate systems as the foundation of industrialized economics has shifted from natural resources to knowledge assets. This paper applies TAM to investigate users' acceptance of KMS in public administration institutions. It sampled 182 users who had experience in using KMS. Many empirical researches have suggested that TAM can be integrated with other organizational theories to improve its predictive and explanatory ower. We extended the basic TAM by the integration of appraisal and reward satisfaction theory. There are many external variables that influence the perception and the belief of system users. We introduced two external variables(job characteristics, IT self-efficacy) and one additional perception variable, perceived appraisal and reward(PAR) in the basic TAM model. The LISREL model analysis is used for finding out the causality among variables and testing the model fitness. As result, The IT self-efficacy influences to the perceived ease of use(PEOU) and the PAR, and the PEOU influences directly to the perceived usefulness(PU), the PAR, and the attitude toward KMS. The KMS participation intention(PI) was influenced by the PAR and the attitude directly,andbythePEOUindirectly. Finally, this paper suggests some guidelines for the adoption of KMS in public sectors on the basis of the study results.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2014

Commonly known as the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus is one of the most widely cultivated mushroom species of edible fungi. In the breeding of new button mushroom, Seolwon was developed by crossing two homokaryons. Because of the predominantly pseudohomothallic life cycle, only a small percentage of homokaryotic meiospores are produced, which do not fruit. Homokaryotic cultures derived from these types of single spores produce a vegetative mycelium that contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell. After crossing two homokaryons, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. The spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of Seolwon on CDA was better at $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of Seolgang. The mature cap shape of new strain Seolwon is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 39.7 mm on average. In comparison with white strain Seolgang, the strain had a yield that was 11% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 9.7% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 1-2 days later than those of Seolgang. The physical characteristics such as springiness, chewiness, adhesiveness, gumminess were better than that of Seolgang.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.625-630
• /
• 2013

Background: Hardcore smoking is represented by a subset of daily smokers with high nicotine dependence, inability to quit and unwillingness to quit. Estimating the related burden could help us in identifying a high risk population prone to tobacco induced diseases and improve cessation planning for them. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smoking in three South-East Asian countries and discussed its implication for smoking cessation intervention in this region. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data of India, Bangladesh and Thailand were analyzed to quantify the hardcore smoking prevalence in the region. On the basis of review, an operational definition of hardcore smoking was adopted that includes (1) current daily smoker, (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration, (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting, (4) time to first smoke within 30 minutes of waking up, and (5) knowledge of smoking hazards. Logistic regression analysis was carried out using hardcore smoking status as response variable and gender, type of residence, occupation, education, wealth index and age-group as possible predictors. Results: There were 31.3 million hardcore smokers in the three Asian countries. The adult prevalence of hardcore smoking in these countries ranges between 3.1% in India to 6% in Thailand. These hardcore smokers constitute 18.3-29.7% of daily smokers. The logistic regression model indicated that age, gender, occupation and wealth index are the major predictors of hardcore smoking with varied influence across countries. Conclusions: Presence of a higher number of hardcore smoking populations in Asia is a major public health challenge for tobacco control and cancer prevention. There is need of intensive cessation interventions with due consideration of contextual predictors.