• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

In this paper, we states the verification and validation methodology for the modular system of A-SMGCS which defined in the ICAO Manual on Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems. Such systems aim to maintain the declared surface movement rate under all weather conditions while maintaining the required level of safety. With the complete concept of an A-SMGCS, air traffic controllers, vehicle drivers, flight crews, and are assisted with surface operations in terms of surveillance, control, routing/planning and guidance tasks. A-SMGCS verification and validation for the development of Real Time Simulation, shadow mode trials, operational trials are conducted through three methods. In this study, the characteristics and the need for such a verification method was examined.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2005

OCSP는 서버가 클라이언트에게 request와 response를 이용하여 실시간 인증서 상태 검증을 제공해주는 온라인 프로토콜이다. 서버와 클라이언트 사이에 전송되어지는 request와 response는 사용자 인증과 데이터의 무결성을 위하여 보내는 측에서 전자서명이 되고 수신측에서 서명검증이 된다. E-commerce 상에서 서버는 초당 수백만 개의 클라이언트들의 인증서 상태검증 요구를 처리해야 하는데 OCSP 서버는 전자서명과 서명검증을 위한 연산 시간으로 이 조건을 만족할 수 없다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 클라이언트-서버 환경에서 서버의 연산 시간을 줄여 수백만 개의 인증서 상태 검증 요청을 처리할 수 있는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이 방법은 또한 클라이언트에서의 연산 시간도 줄여준다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1857-1863
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• 2013

Most of biomaterials come in direct contact with the body, making standardized methods of evaluation and validation of biocompatibility an important aspect to biomaterial development. However, biomaterial validation guidelines have not been fully established, until now. This study was to compare the in vitro behavior of osteoblasts cultured on nanomaterial $TiO_2$ surfaces to osteoblast behavior on culture plates. Comparisons were also made to cells grown in conditioned media (CM) that creates an environment similar to the in vivo environment. Comparisons were made between the different growth conditions for osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and functionality. We found that the in vivo-like system of growing cells in concentrated CM provided a good validation method for biomaterial development and in vivo implant therapy. The $TiO_2$ materials were biocompatible, showing similar behavior to that observed in vivo. This study provided valuable information that would aid in the creation of guidelines into standardization and evaluation of biocompatibility in $TiO_2$ biomaterials.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the instrument modification and validation processes to make existing health belief model scales culturally appropriate for Korean Americans (KAs) regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening utilization. Methods: Instrument translation, individual interviews using cognitive interviewing, and expert reviews were conducted during the instrument modification phase, and a pilot test and a cross-sectional survey were conducted during the instrument validation phase. Data analyses of the cross-sectional survey included internal consistency and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The main issues identified during the instrument modification phase were (a) cultural and linguistic translation issues and (b) newly developed items reflecting Korean cultural barriers. Cross-sectional survey analyses during the instrument validation phase revealed that all scales demonstrate good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=.72~.88). Exploratory factor analysis showed that susceptibility and severity loaded on the same factor, which may indicate a threat variable. Items with low factor loadings in the confirmatory factor analysis may relate to (a) lack of knowledge about fecal occult blood testing and (b) multiple dimensions of the subscales. Conclusion: Methodological, sequential processes of instrument modification and validation, including translation, individual interviews, expert reviews, pilot testing and a cross-sectional survey, were provided in this study. The findings indicate that existing instruments need to be examined for CRC screening research involving KAs.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.831-842
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• 2022

Purpose: This study carried out the Quality by Design (QbD)6σ process to verify the effectiveness and equivalence of the finished D-antigen quantitative test method, and compared the OFAT-based method validation and test result acceptance criteria with the Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD)-based method validation and test method. This is a study on how to reduce the risk of delay in permit change by increasing the reliability of permit data in the existing method by statistically analyzing the results. Methods: With the QbD6σ process, the effectiveness and equivalence of the D-antigen quantitative test method were verified with the data of the existing test method and the new test method. Results: Method validation tests are performed based on AQbD. Critical Method Parameters are identified through risk assessment, and single/combined actions are verified by designing and performing tests for Critical Method Parameters (analysis of variance, full factorial design method). Method validation can be effectively accomplished with the QbD6σ process. Conclusion: The use of QbD6σ can be used to achieve satisfactory results for both pharmaceutical companies and regulators by using appropriate statistical analytical methods for method validation as required by regulatory agencies.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.122-132
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• 2013

In this research the development of unstructured grid discretization solution techniques is presented. The purpose is to describe such a conservative discretization scheme applied for experimental validation work. The objective of this paper is to better establish the effects of mesh generation techniques on velocity fields and particle deposition patterns to determine the optimal aerodynamic characteristics. In order to achieve the objective, the mesh surface discretization approaches used the VLA prototype manufacturing tolerance zone of the outer surface. There were 3 schemes for this discretization study implementation. They are solver validation, grid convergence study and surface tolerance study. A solver validation work was implemented for the simple 2D and 3D model to get the optimum solver for the VLA model. A grid convergence study was also conducted with a different growth factor and cell spacing, the amount of mesh can be controlled. With several amount of mesh we can get the converged amount of mesh compared to experimental data. The density around surface model can be calculated by controlling the number of element in every important and sensitive surface area of the model. The solver validation work result provided the optimum solver to employ in the VLA model analysis calculation. The convergence study approach result indicated that the aerodynamic trend characteristic was captured smooth enough compared with the experimental data. During the surface tolerance scheme, it could catch the aerodynamics data of the experiment data. The discretization studies made the validation work more efficient way to achieve the purpose of this paper.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2004년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.195-198
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• 2004

One Important problem in a cancer microarray study is to identify a set of genes from which a molecular prognostic indicator can be developed. In parallel with this problem is to validate the chosen set of genes. We develop in this note a K-fold cross validation procedure by combining a 'pre-validation' technique and a bootstrap resampling procedure in the Cox regression . The pre-validation technique predicts the microarray predictor of a case without having seen the true class level of the case. It was suggested by Tibshirani and Efron (2002) to avoid the possible over-fitting in the regression in which a microarray based predictor is employed. The bootstrap resampling procedure for the Cox regression was proposed by Sauerbrei and Schumacher (1992) as a means of overcoming the instability of a stepwise selection procedure. We apply this K-fold cross validation to the microarray data of 92 gastric cancers of which the experiment was conducted at Cancer Metastasis Research Center, Yonsei University. We also share some of our experience on the 'false positive' result due to the information leak.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 1995

We have consider the study of local influence for smoothing parameter estimates in spline regression model with heteroscedasticity. Practically, generalized cross-validation does not work well in the presence of heteroscedasticity. Thus we have proposed the local influence measure for generalized cross-validation estimates when errors are heteroscedastic. And we have examined effects of diagnostic by above measures through Hyperinflation data.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2019

This paper present the global generalized cross validation as the appropriate choice of the regularization parameter in the preconditioned Gl-LSQR method in solving image deblurring problems. The regularization parameter, chosen from the global generalized cross validation, with preconditioned Gl-LSQR method can give better reconstructions of the true image than other parameters considered in this study.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2010

소프트웨어 개발 프로세스에서 발생되는 오류의 대부분은 요구사항 정의와 디자인 단계에서 비롯된다. 또한 이들 단계에서 포함된 오류의 수정 및 제거는 이후 단계에서 포함된 오류의 수정에 비해 훨씬 많은 노력과 비용을 요구한다. 하지만 요구사항과 디자인된 모델의 검증은 매우 중요한 작업임에도 불구하고 다양한 문제점들로 인해 성공적으로 수행되고 있지 못하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 초기 디자인 단계에서 요구사항 및 모델의 검증 작업을 동시에 수행할 수 있는 모델의 시뮬레이션을 통한 검증 절차를 제안한다. 이 때 작성되는 모델은 Ptolemy 상에 소프트웨어의 행동 양식을 바탕으로 작성된다. 제안된 방법을 DNS 시스템 환경에 적용하여 사용 가능성을 확인하였으며, 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면 행동 양식을 반영한 모델의 시뮬레이션을 통해 기존에 알려진 시스템의 내재된 오류 혹은 취약성을 발견 가능함이 확인되었다. 이는 제안된 방법이 소프트웨어 개발 프로세스 초기에서 요구사항과 모델을 검증하는 절차로 이용될 수 있음을 의미한다.