• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.403-414
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• 2022

Many studies have been conducted on asset management of public facilities, as the importance of such management has been increasing. This basic study aims to present strategies for the practical use of public asset management, and seeks to propose efficient management and utilization measures from a cost perspective by comparing and analyzing the importance and impact relationship between cost items for public asset management. In this study, 19 sub-items and the top 4 items were chosen by deriving cost factors based on the previous literature. A survey was conducted, and the results of the survey were analyzed by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methods. The AHP was used to derive the priority between items, and ISM was used to identify major groups and mutual influences. As a result, those items showing both high priority and high importance, such as user cost, dismantling/disposal cost, replacement cost, maintenance/repair cost, etc. are determined as priority items to be considered for public asset management of public facilities. Also, it is necessary to minimize the impact on other items in public asset management by those items which are impacted less by other items but have significant impact on the items such as initial construction costs, conceptual design costs, construction costs, and supervision costs. It is expected that the results and analysis methods presented in this study can be used to provide strategies for asset management of public facilities.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.177-193
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• 2022

In the near future, it is expected that the use of autonomous mobility-on-demand services will increase. Considering its complicated service components, including vehicle convenience, driving and matching speed, and platform convenience, the priorities of them will need to be determined for a successful establishment. In this context, this study examined the importance rank of each service component through an online survey of potential users of autonomous mobility-on-demand services. As a result of the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) with respect to the upper-level components, driving and matching speed component is selected as most important, followed by platform convenience and vehicle convenience. Mean rank analysis with respect to lower-level components showed that the in-vehicle congestion level of vehicle convenience, waiting time of driving and matching speed, and pre-booking availability of platform convenience each ranked first. Additional analysis regarding each group was conducted to establish a group-specific strategy. As a result, it would be better to focus on a vehicle than a mobile platform when designing services for the region with a high proportion of the older. Moreover, it is recommended to speed up the driving and matching speeds more than the current public transport, alleviate in-vehicle congestion, and enable the users to book the schedule in advance.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.166-172
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• 2022

In this study, we photograph driving obstacle objects such as crosswalks, side spheres, manholes, braille blocks, partial ramps, temporary safety barriers, stairs, and inclined curb that hinder or cause inconvenience to the movement of the vulnerable using electric mobility aids. We develop an optimal AI model that classifies photographed objects and automatically recognizes them, and implement an algorithm that can efficiently determine obstacles in front of electric mobility aids. In order to enable object detection to be AI learning with high probability, the labeling form is labeled as a polygon form when building a dataset. It was developed using a Mask R-CNN model in Detectron2 framework that can detect objects labeled in the form of polygons. Image acquisition was conducted by dividing it into two groups: the general public and the transportation weak, and image information obtained in two areas of the test bed was secured. As for the parameter setting of the Mask R-CNN learning result, it was confirmed that the model learned with IMAGES_PER_BATCH: 2, BASE_LEARNING_RATE 0.001, MAX_ITERATION: 10,000 showed the highest performance at 68.532, so that the user can quickly and accurately recognize driving risks and obstacles.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.20-40
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• 2022

Purpose - In recent times, the international trade environment has been changing rapidly, centering on the online market. In the post-COVID-19 era, small and medium-sized trading companies are facing the problem of not being properly provided with overseas market research, market trend analysis, and trade-related information. Cloud-based digital trade is being sought as an alternative to solve these problems; however, there is a lack of research on the intention to switch to digital trade among small and medium-sized trading companies. Therefore, this study empirically analyzes the intention to switch to digital trade based on the migration theory, and through this, attempts to identify each factor that affects the intention to switch to digital trade. Design/methodology - In this study, in order to identify factors influencing intention to switch to digital trade and innovation resistance of small and medium-sized trading companies, through previous research on migration theory and the PPM (Push, Pull, Mooring) model, each variable was selected for the purpose of the study. Based on this, a research model was established for the factors affecting switching to digital trade of small and medium-sized trading companies and empirically analyzed. In addition, considering the differences in the innovation propensity and maturity of information infrastructure of trading companies as the recipients of innovation, this study analyzes the moderating effect of the mooring effect and seeks ways to establish specific strategies according to the degree. Findings - As a result of empirical analysis, the pull effect was found to have the greatest influence on intention to switch to digital trade. However, the pull factor was found to have an effect on user resistance, and it was confirmed that it was a factor simultaneously inducing positive and negative consumption behaviors among users. In addition, it was found that the higher the company's innovation propensity, the higher the pull effect's influence on the intention to switch, and analysis showed that the push effect had no influence. In addition, companies with high information infrastructure maturity were expected to have a relatively high level of intention to switch compared to companies with low information infrastructure maturity, and the difference between the two groups was found not to be statistically significant. Originality/value - This study is a timely study in that it demonstrated the effect on the switching to cloud-based digital trade for small and medium-sized trading companies and that the cloud system related to digital trade is in full swing. There are academic implications in that it revealed that the pull effect is an important factor in the intention to switch to cloud service. Practical implications were presented in that small and medium-sized trading companies suggested ways to increase the value of the cloud system for switching to digital trade and a way to increase the switching ratio by minimizing the mooring effect. In addition, the study argues that active institutional support from the government is needed to activate cloud service.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to analyze the current status of hospital life guides in Korean and overseas hospitals, draw problems, and propose a design improvement. in order to improve the visual convenience and efficiency of information delivery of hospital life guidelines. As a result of examining and analyzing the current status of the notice on hospital life in 16 hospitals at home and abroad, problems such as information selection without certain standard, increase of items due to unnecessary items, and forms that do not consider the convenience for notice use were discovered. In order to solve them, this study suggested a survey questionnaire for finding detailed improvements, and it divided the participants into two groups of 50 patients/nurses and 50 nurses in each. The study carried out a user awareness investigation and survey on the efficiency and understanding of information, number and importance of items, and color and form, and then made another sample notice to conduct a detailed survey on color and form. As a result, the study could identify that important items for each users were different. It is considered that a new design with improved visual convenience of users and efficiency of information delivery, by applying layout and graphic elements as well as selecting information that meets consumer demand, will be proposed based on this.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.107-121
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• 2023

The assessment of perceived naturalness aims to elucidate the human perception and explain the interaction between natural environments and humans. The perception of ecological assets that exhibit distinct characteristics within a specific region can manifest in various representations. Based on the users' perceptions and interviews regarding ecological assets, this study assessed the perceived naturalness from a cultural services perspective. Specifically, the discussions on Ansan City's ecological assets and revolved around the inherent value of naturalness in dimensions, such as the necessity for conservation and the sustainable development of ecological assets, the perception of ecosystem benefits, the representativeness as a local asset, and usability. Subsequently, the Q method was employed to present 25 representative ecological assets to 25 users. As a result, user groups with different value systems for each question were identified, and hypothetical personas for cultural service enjoyment were distinguished. The most representative persona among the 25 users was identified as AWP (a type that values the conservation of aquatic ecosystems, prefers waterfront landscapes, and enjoys walking). Since perceived naturalness is conceptually similar to the "benefits perceived by users" in evaluating ecosystem services, it can provide more practical evaluation criteria for cultural services.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.127-136
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• 2023

Gyeonggi Province has established a bus information system to provide real-time bus arrival information, aiming to make bus usage convenient for its residents. While the Gyeonggi bus information system is becoming more advanced through the application of IT technology, there are still information-vulnerable groups finding it difficult to use. In particular, the elderly have a low level of digital information literacy and habe difficulty using it. In this regard, this study aims to address the information usage disparity among the elderly in public transportation by utilizing expert in-depth survey methodology known as the Delphi technique. The study classified the policy initiatives that Gyeonggi Province should undertake into three categories: user education and expanded promotion, technological development and dissemination, and providing convenient usage environment. Through two rounds of surveys, the study assessed the priority of ten specific sub-tasks within these categories. Additionally, it gathered opinions on the effectiveness and feasibility of each item. The results yielded prioritization and evaluation of effectiveness and feasibility for nine sub-tasks. Based on these outcomes, the study proposed future projects that Gyeonggi Province should implement to address the information disparity among the elderly, offering a comprehensive approach to bridge the gap.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2023

In this study, we photograph driving obstacle objects such as crosswalks, side spheres, manholes, braille blocks, partial ramps, temporary safety barriers, stairs, and inclined curb that hinder or cause inconvenience to the movement of the vulnerable using electric mobility aids. We develop an optimal AI model that classifies photographed objects and automatically recognizes them, and implement an algorithm that can efficiently determine obstacles in front of electric mobility aids. In order to enable object detection to be AI learning with high probability, the labeling form is labeled as a polygon form when building a dataset. It was developed using a Mask R-CNN model in Detectron2 framework that can detect objects labeled in the form of polygons. Image acquisition was conducted by dividing it into two groups: the general public and the transportation weak, and image information obtained in two areas of the test bed was secured. As for the parameter setting of the Mask R-CNN learning result, it was confirmed that the model learned with IMAGES_PER_BATCH: 2, BASE_LEARNING_RATE 0.001, MAX_ITERATION: 10,000 showed the highest performance at 68.532, so that the user can quickly and accurately recognize driving risks and obstacles.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2024

Purpose : Smoking is a major factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the effect of electrical cigarette smoking on COPD development is still uncertain. This study aimed to compare the functions of airways and lungs exposed to combustible cigarettes and electrical cigarettes based on the pulmonary function test (PFT) results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods : This study used data from 8,942 participants with PFT results out of 47,309 total subjects from the 6th to 8th Korean NHANES (2014-2015, 2016-2018, and 2019, respectively). Individuals with diseases such as cancer, ex-smokers, and dual tobacco users were excluded. The PFT results were analyzed according to the COPD diagnostic criteria. After adjusting for confounding variables, a complex sample generalized linear model ANOVA test was performed to investigate the association between PFT results and combustible smoker or electrical cigarette user groups. Results : In an analysis based on the obstructive ventilatory disorders (forced expiratory volume in 1 second[FEV₁]/forced vital capacity[FVC]<.7), combustible cigarette smokers showed a 3.46 times higher risk of COPD compared to non-smokers, while electrical cigarette smokers exhibited no significant difference in terms of COPD-related risks compared to non-smokers. FEV₁ showed a negative relation with combustible cigarette smokers as reported elsewhere (B=-.07, p<.001). FEV₁/FVC was negatively related to both combustible cigarette smokers (B=-.03, p<.001) and electrical cigarette smokers (B=-.02, p<.001). Conclusion : FEV₁/FVC decreases were observed in the long-term exposure to both combustible and electrical cigarettes. The lower FEV₁ in the combustible cigarette group implies the worsening of the severity of COPD, suggesting more damage to the airways and lungs in the short term. Therefore, the temporary electrical cigarettes use for the transition period in order to smoking cessation potentially aids to reduce the harmful effect of combustible cigarettes in COPD development.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 2024

This study conducted voluntary focus group user observations to empirically validate the efficacy of the self-developed psychological support mobile application, "Mindful Now". The app is structured as an interactive game format, enabling individuals to activate self-awareness of mindfulness states anytime, anywhere. It consists of a 3-step process of sensory/emotional/consciousness awareness, facilitating the expression of non-judgmental awareness. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this mindful activation in enhancing psychological well-being such as happiness and stress reduction, voluntary mindfulness mobile app usage was tracked among 49 university students. The results revealed significant improvements, with a 14.4% increase in SWLS happiness index and a 17.1% decrease in PSS-10 stress levels among 12 users who used the app continuously for over 60 days to practice mindfulness awareness. Particularly, higher app engagement was observed among students who initially reported relatively lower indices before using the app. The utilization of mobile apps that promote mindful activation aligns with various therapeutic paradigms based on mindfulness and meditation, contributing to advancements in digital therapeutic interventions for psychological support.