• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.3 s.51
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• pp.576-587
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• 1995

Authors purposed to observe activities of occupational health nurses and it's related factors, and to suggest the way that induct better occupational health nurses' activities with questionaire to 87 occupational health nurses who individually work as health manager in the plant. The questionaire included type of plant and number of workers, general characteristics, work conditions, activities, etc. Major findings are as follows. 1. 82.8% of occupational health nurses were third decade. 93.1% graduated junior college or college. And 82.8% were not married. 2. General work conditions: 40.2% were belonged to safety-health section, 98.85% were mere clerks. 60.9% worked less than weekly 44 hours, and an annual salary of 50.6 % was between 10 million and 14 million won. 3. Work condition related to health manager work: there was separated health care room in 94.3%, working period as health manager(occupational health nurse) was less than 5 years in 70.1%, 49.4% had the out-of-health manager work. In 87.4%, occupational physician was appointed, only 6.9% of them were full time, 52.9% of them worked little in the plants. The problems related to workers' health were discussed with industrial nurses in 88.5%. 4. Attitude for their work: 88.5% were thought that their work is important for workers' health care, 57.5% satisfied to work as health manager. In 51.7%, motive to being industrial nurse were the appropriate aptitude. 5. Activities: General medical care in 100% were carried out, in 97.7% works related to general health examination, in 100% works related to special health examination were carried. But works related to use of protective apparatus were carried out in 20.8%. 6. Factors related to level of activities: In cases who solved the health related problems by themselves, the level of activites was significantly higher than in others. In cases there were full time occupational physician, the level of activities was significantly lower. 7. Occupational health nurse's needs: 100% wanted regular education, 89.7% wanted the qualifying examination. As the results, author suggests that the right of self-control is given to occupational health nurses and the work of occupational physician is clearly defined for the induction of the better activities of occupational health nurses.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.187-192
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to investigate the problems of soft contact lens wear on the women college students. The results were as follows 1. Almost the purchase of soft contact lens was the optical shop. 2. Almost the motive of soft contact lens use was the discomfort of glasses wear. 3. Almost the good feeling of glasses wear was moderate degree. 4. On the main reason of exchange of contact lens, teens was contact lens damage and tweenths was lifespan of contact lens. 5. On the contact lens wearing time at one day, teens was over 10 hours and tweenths was from 7 hours to 10 hours. 6. On the contact care and treatment, teens was a lens washing and storage and tweenths was a lens washing and disinfectant. 7. On the main difficult of contact lens handling, teens was a lens separation in eye and disinfection of lens case and tweenths was a solution treatment and insertion of contact lens in the eye. 8. On the contact lens insertion in the eye, the most difficult item was hanging of the eyelid and fear thinking in teens and fear thinking in tweenths. 9. On the difficult in separate of contact lens wear, a most subjects were eye opening. 10. On the most inconvenient state in contact lens wearing, the subjects were eye redness, foreign body and eye pain. 11. On the advantage of contact lens wearing, teens was decrease in glasses side effects and twenties was a beauty.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.507-517
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• 2017

This study suggests that the diversity of parks is necessary because the number of children, who are the main users in children's parks, is decreasing and the use of parks by older people is increasing. In particular, the present aging society is trying to propose a multi-purpose park to solve the problem of the elderly leisure. To do this, this study surveyed domestic and foreign children's parks and selected study sites to understand the usage patterns of children's parks. As a result of surveying the location of the park to select the study sites, most children's parks were found mostly in single family housing areas and multi-family housing areas. As a result of the survey, it was found that the children's parks consisted of streets and areas by the 'City Parks and Greenery Act' and they were uniform. This paper presents basic data for the development of a model for producing a multipurpose park that can be used for children's parks by the elderly. The subjects of this study were selected from 7 districts of Daegu city, which were classified into single family housing areas and multi-family housing areas. As a result, the arrangement of various facilities in the children's park is insufficient, and it was uniform without a design motive and contents. Therefore, the utilization rate of various age groups could be increased by developing a multi-purpose park model for a children's park.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.9
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• pp.63-83
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• 1982

Among many open libraries under the rule of the Japanese imperialism, only the railroad library as the character of special library under the control of the Japanese Government General is remarkable for having opened its facilities to outsiders as well as the interior users. This study tries a) To look into what were the colonial background, aim and motive of the establishment of the railroad library under the Japanese rule, b) To analyze its activities and the change of its organization, c) And to find out its vestiges an the effects which it has on our country's library circles. The following are the result: A. The railroad library under the rule of the Japanese imperialism functioned as a public library by the outside book's circulation rather than the interior using. B. The outsiders were qualified to use it only when they got the joint guarantee for the city resident, which means that the o n.0, pportunity of the circulation was not free for the Koreans rather than the Japanese. C. From the aspect of collections, technical books such as natural science, and reference ones tended to be collected, and their whole composition was focused on the materials for the Japan-Korea identification scheme and development of the national spirit as the Japanese empire's subjects. D. In the respect of its organization, all the clerical employees, as well as the chief librarian were composed of the Japanese. Although the Koreans were in principle prohibited from working there, a few of them were employed as guard or servant as the China-Japan War was close to the end. E. The area of the outside book's, circulation service was expanded throughout the whole region along the railroad connecting Pusan with Manchuria. Such a service activity which contained several meanings, was tried by means of culture's books, circuit's books, train's books, hotel's books, mind's development books and reader's reading books etc. F. Such matters as the limitation on book circulating and the quantity of circulation book, the paid circulation and the partial restriction on free circulation mean the wartime system under the rule of the Japanese imperialism and also a n.0, ppeared as a factor of hampering the Koreans from getting accustomed to using library, which has affected them until now. G. The noticeable thing in the service activity is shown in attempting the diversified and positive way of service like free circulation in order to solidify the attitude of the Koreans toward war by organizing mind's development books as well as culture's books with the China-Japan War. H. On the other hand, it can not be passed over that the diversified service activity of the railroad library played a role of bridge in turning of today's library circles of ours to the modernization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.181-199
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• 1999

The industry of modern clothing has deviated from the overflow of commercialism and the standardization and nowadays is going toward pursuing art, creativity, and high added value. This trend brings the return of the natural materials from the synthetic textiles and increases the value of old and handmade fabrics. Finally, the handmade-paper, which is a natural material, comes to be reconsidered as a new material for the clothing. Therefore, as the natural materials and the manufacture of handmade clothing are rising again, the qualitative improvement and globalization of clothing industry should be first realized through the developments of creative and various clothing materials and new expressing techniques. The above investigation and study have been synthesized and analyzed as follows: First, through the study on the origin of the paper clothing, its historical background and the process of its development, we've learned these two facts following : the paper clothing of the East in the past mostly had practiced meanings. On the other hand, in the West it had meanings which were raised the artist's emotions and beauty-consciousness to the artistic level by the various kinds of expressing methods. Second, handmade-paper was manufactured by the embedding method, which mixed mulberry pulp, gauze, corn, hair, sisal, silk and so on. It was found that handmade-paper had the affluent and proper texture as the clothing material and was be able to control the clarity through the variation of thickness. It was also confirmed that the creative and original texture with hand-worked molding beauty was obtained by the use of handmade-paper. Third, when the handmade-paper is used, the molding beauty of plane, relievo, and solid can be freely pursued, and various and effective molding conformation can be constructed by the effect of superposition and repetition. Also, because the maximum discretion from the various optional manufacturing methods is allowed, the molding beauty can be maximized when the clothes are manufactured with handmade-paper. Fourth, the gauze with strong drape was combined to overcome the stiffness and the tearing of the paper. As a result, the durability and the wearability of the paper were strengthened and thus the thus the applications as the clothing material were enlarged. In conclusion, in order to enhance the value, creativity, practicality, and artistic sense of the design for modern clothing, the clothes made of handmade-paper should be more studied. Moreover, for the generalization of paper clothes, the studies on the development of practical paper with paper with water resistance, post-treatment after dyeing, flexibility, and durability should be done. I really hope that this study will be the motive to provoke the possibility of handmade-paper as new clothing material in not only practical sense but also artistic sense.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.342-351
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• 2016

Basic nursing, the course for the nursing students to experience nursing practice before going on to th clinical practice, and is crucial for solving health-related problems of patients. This study is a descriptive research study to analyze the impact factors associated with nursing students' basic nursing skill competency. In this study, total 181 subjects participants, and by using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected by self-written questionnaire method. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 22.0 program. Of the general characteristics of the subjects, the difference in basic nursing competency was found according to admission motive, major satisfaction, and interest in practice. Critical thinking disposition and the degree of self-training aid influenced performance of basic nursing skills by nursing students, and these variables explained 23.8% of the total variance of basic nursing skills performance. These findings suggest, in order to improve performance of basic nursing skills in nursing students, it is necessary to use various teaching methods that help improve critical thinking and relevant curriculum that promote self-practice.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.223-234
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to investigate intake of health foods and supplements and its associated factors in middle and old-aged adults in order to contribute to health promotion of Korean population by providing a guide for proper use of health foods and supplements. About 69% of the subjects reported that they were currently taking health foods and supplements or had experiences of having them in the past, whereas 31.2 % reported they had never taken them. The most commonly used type of health foods and supplements was vitamin C as reported by 41.8% followed by others such as lactobacillus products, multi-vitamins, tonic medicine and cardiotonic drug, artificially processed Ginseng foods, vitamin B complex, enzyme supplement, calcium, aloe, apricot extract products, chitosan products, loyal honey, squalene, refined fish oil and iron products. The major reason for taking health foods and supplements was 'to protect the weak constitution' with 155 (42.1%) responses, and the motive for the intake was the suggestion from family-relatives with 235 (63.9%) responses, and the place of purchase was pharmacy with 140 (38.0%) responses, the average monthly expense was 20,000-40,000 won with 140 (26.2%) responses, and effects after the intake was 'so and so' with 180 (33.6%) responses as the highest. More health foods and supplements were consumed as age and education were statistically significantly increased (p<0.05). For health and lifestyle and the intake of health foods and supplements, perceived health status, the presence of illness, and the presence of health management were statistically significant (p<0.05). Male subjects than female subjects and the 30s than the 405 and 50s were appeared to have poorer dietary behaviors (p<0.05). For the health locus of control and the intake of health foods and supplements, the health locus of control score was 22.82 for consumers and 22.79 for non-consumers, showing no significant difference. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find out major factors that affect the intake of health foods and supplements, in which gender, education, smoking, perceived health status, the presence of illness, and health management were significant to the intake of health foods and supplements. It is shown that subjects with perception and attitude of 'health foods and supplements are useful in health maintenance and disease prevention' and 'the information and variety for health foods and supplements are great' have higher probability of taking health foods and supplements.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

Wished to examine closely effect that SoPungDoJeokTang-KaMi (SPDJTK) medicines used to atopy dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. SPDJTK medicines controlled $CD4^+/IFN-\gamma$, and $CD4^+/CD25^+/foxp3^+$ revelation that an experiment that motive allergy immune reponse because an in vitro experiment stimulates T cells of a NC/Nga mouse same time by anti-CD40/rmIL-4, and interleukin-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$, and TGF-$\beta$ mRNA outturn that bear in T and B cells decreased remarkably by SPDJTK medicines. Intracellular staining of splenocytes anti-CD40/rmIL-4 plus rmIL-4 stimulated as described in a, assessed after 24 h, SPDJTK exerts a mainly immunosuppressive effect that acts at least partially through suppression of the transcription factor GATA3 expression in $CD4^+$ T cells. Atopic dermatitis (AD) usually develops in patients with an individual or family history of allergic diseases, and is characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation seen specially in childhood, association with IgE hyperproduction and precipitation by environmental factors. However, the exact etiology of AD has been unclear. To further explore the pathogenesis and treatment of AD, a suitable animal model is required. We found that skin lesions, which were clinically and histologically very similar to human AD, mite antigen-induced dermatitis on the face, neck, ears and dorsal skin of inbred NC/Nga mice. Result that Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by cytokine expression with $CD4^+/CD25^+/foxp3^+$ Treg cells induction by SPDJTK medicines could know that SPDJTK medicines can use usefully in allergy autoimmnune diease.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 1995

Primary health care(PHC) has been established since A Health Law for rural residents has been legislated in 1980 following the WHO declaration, 'Health for All 2000'. in 1978. PHC services are presently assumed to be provided by 2038 Community Health Practitioners(CHP) to about 28% out of rural population in Korea. Most CHPs have confronted the adaptation process to the community being practiced although a CHP's role is to evoke community participation for the improvement of their health by themselves. So the purpose of this study is to describe and explain of the commitment of CHPs into the community. Data were collected by direct interview and tape-recording under subjects' permission till theoretical saturation were occured from 6 CHPs. The subjects were 41 years old and have served in the community for 9 years in average. Main questions and concepts were explored from data according to the procedure of the grounded theory methodology. The results are as follows. 1) The number of the main concepts were twenty four that identified Motive, Desire, Personal characteristics, Unfamiliarity, Denial, Feeling of isolation, Self-sacrifice, Kindness, Patience, Assimilation, Respect for the residents, Support by the family, Support by the residents, Achievement, Acceptance of realities, Use of resources, Inducement of cooperation from the residents, Changes of the difference from time orientation between CHP and residents, Attitude as a official, Technical support, Cost management, Satisfaction level, Acknowledgement by the residents and discrepancy. 2) The twenty four concepts were categorized to seven groups such as Motivation, Feeling of Heterogeneity, Self-discipline, Social support, Induced changes in the attitudes of residents, Familarity and Persistent discrepancy. 3) The categorized groups were analyzed on the base of the Causal Conditions, Central Phenomena, Contexts, Intervening Conditions, Action / Interaction Strategies, and Consequences. Central phenomenon in this study was identified to be the feeling of heterogeneity. Community health practitioners experienced unfamiliarity and denial from the community and felt themselves isolated in the first. In time, they won the trust of residents by their efforts including self-sacrifice, kindness, patience, and assimilation. Afterward, practitioners got self-confidence and familiarity with lesser feeling of heterogeneity. Nevertheless, practitioners could not commit themselves completely because of the persistent discrepancy between CHP and residents. 4) On the commitment process, the CHPs' feeling of heterogeneity were decresed and social support increesed and newly evolved induced change of residents through the continuous interaction between CHP and them The contribution of this study would be concluded as follows. 1) It is expected that effective strategies for more rapid committment into the community can be developed based on this study. 2) More easy committment would be possible for the newly appointed CHP through understanding of the committment process identified on this study.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.101-121
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• 2018

This paper studies the influence of multinational R&D Labs' expansion motives on their business performance and the mediating effect of the level of control on this motive-performance relationship. Through an in-depth study of the relevant literature, the expansion motives can be divided into four general types. The first is called a market factor in the sense that the purpose of their expansion is to secure potential markets and customers in China. The second is called a resource factor; their purpose is to obtain excellent technology and a workforce from the country. The third is called an institution factor. An example is the case of R&D Labs advancing into China to make the best of its institutional advantages such as the government's benefits, related policies, and incentive articles. The last is called a strategic factor and indicates the case where they go into China for the purpose of competing in the market, considering it as a major strategic place. The companies' control level on their R&D Labs was measured for each item. According to the empirical analysis on the relevance of their control level and expansion motives, it turns out that giving a free hand to the Labs which pursue market, institutional, and strategic factors is more desirable than highly controlling them. This is because they should be familiar with the local business environment in consideration of those companies' objectives. In light of the mediating effects of the control level on expansion motives and business performance, the R&D Labs pursuing resource factors seem to need their headquarters' control to make the best use of the high-end technology obtained in the country. The companies pursuing strategic factors seem to hold a dominant position and perform more competitively when their headquarters control the Labs more tightly.