• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2015

도시지역의 소하천은 불투수 면적의 증가 및 우수관거의 발달로 인해 유역의 오염물질 및 강우 유출수의 유달률이 증가한 반면 비강우시에 현저하게 유량이 감소되어 하천환경에 심각한 문제를 나타내고 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시 하천의 유량과 수질 문제를 저감하기 위해 개발된 초기강우 저류 및 처리시설을 효율적으로 운영하기 위해 SWMM 도시유역모델 적용 결과와 자동모니터링 시스템을 이용하는 종합관리시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구의 대상 지역인 관평천 유역의 대부분의 강우사상에서 오염물질은 초기 4시간의 강우 유출수에 집중되어 있는 것으로 관찰되었으며 이는 처리시설의 용량 결정에 있어 가장 중요한 인자로 작용한다. 본 시험 유역에서 유역모델인 SWMM을 이용하여 계산한 결과 처리시설에서 수용할 수 있는 초기우수 유출량은 약 6 mm의 누적강우량으로 산정되었으며 이는 대상지역에서 발생하는 대부분의 소규모 강우에 대해 처리가 가능하다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구 결과는 강우-유출 모델과 연계한 초기우수 처리시설 운영을 위한 가이드라인을 제시하고 있으며, 하천 수질 모델과 연결할 경우 유입하천에 미치는 영향을 사전에 예측할 수 있으며, 유역의 조건과 연계하여 도시하천의 유역연계 종합 수질관리를 위한 중요한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.161-161
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• 2016

본 연구는 Matlab GUI 언어를 기반으로 제작된 수질관리모형(WAQUMURIN; Water QUality Management program for Urban RIver Networks)의 개발 및 적용, 검증을 통한 수질분석을 목적으로 둔다. 서울한강수계를 대상지역으로 한강 상류의 팔당댐부터 한강 하류에 위치한 가양대교까지의 오염원 이동에 따른 BOD, T-P 농도를 분석하였다. 한강의 본류를 따라 분류되는 지천들과 한강서울수계 관할 하 4곳의 물재생센터(탄천, 중랑, 서남, 난지)의 배출부하량, 유량, 반응속도상수는 본 모형의 main factor로 설정되었으며 격자화된 데이터의 입출력이 가능토록 하였다. 6곳의 수질측정망(암사, 구의, 잠실, 똑도, 보광, 노량진, 영등포, 가양) 지점을 기준으로 실측치와 모형의 모의결과를 비교함으로써 정확도를 검토하였다. 이는 기존의 사용법이 어려운 수질모형의 한계를 깬 간단한 입출력 방식으로 비전문가들 또한 사용이 가능하며 예측 모형의 단순화라는 점의 연구 목적에 있다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to assess the environmental carrying capacity of Chongju City for the environmental management and the urban growth management. The urban environmental carrying capacity assessment of the city by the index of ecological footprint(EF), shows that the ecosystem of the city has been overloaded and most of the deficiencies has come from outside of the city. The EF index, the area of land per capita required for production and consumption in the city, was 1.731 ha per capita in 1989 and 1.901 ha per capita in 1999. On the other side, the ecologically productive land is 0.0175 ha per capita. It means that every citizen owes 1.88 ha per capita to the ecosystem in 1999. The land consumption of the city has increased by 0.1705 ha per capita during the last 10 years. The capacity of infrastructure and the service supply estimated by the Onishi model does not exceed the demand of the city in 1999. But the rapidly increasing population and fast urban growth need the expansion of the capacity. The water supply capacity of the city appears to be sufficient in 1999, but the water supply demand will increase in the future. The capacity of sewage treatment facilities seems to be sufficient, but the higher level of sewage treatment facilities should be adopted for the improvement of water quality as the generation of sewage will increase and its characteristics will also make the wastewater treatment difficult. Due to the decrease of solid waste generated, the land fill capacity for solid waste disposal is not insufficient at present, but the capacity will be saturated in the near future. Therefore, the scientific management system of solid wastes should be introduced. The air quality of the city meets both the national air quality standard and WHO recommendation standard, but the strong regulation and control of automobile emission gas such as CO, $CO_2$, NOx and HC is required for clean air.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.1087-1098
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 도시하천관리에 있어 이용되는 데이터를 수집, 정제 및 제공하는 기능을 수행하는 도시하천 통합데이터 플랫폼 개발을 수행하였다. 도시하천 통합데이터 플랫폼은 Open API서비스를 활용하여 다양한 기관에서 제공되는 데이터를 수집하는 기능을 가지고 있으며, 수집된 데이터는 전처리 과정을 통하여 정제되어 데이터베이스에 적재된다. 수집된 데이터는 시각화 시스템을 활용하여 검토 및 분석이 가능하며, 단위 Open API 형태로 제공되므로 도시하천모형에서 이를 조합하여 개별적인 입력자료로 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 실시간 데이터에 대한 제공시스템을 개발하여 도시하천모형에 실시간 데이터를 적용할 수 있도록 하였다. 이를 통하여 사용자는 데이터의 수집과 전처리, 입력자료 구축에 필요한 시간과 노력을 절감하여 도시하천관리 모형과 시스템의 개발에 있어 효율성과 확장성이 증대될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.32-32
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• 2023

Incidences of urban flood and extreme heat waves (due to the urban heat island effect) are expected to increase in New Zealand under future climate change (IPCC 2022; MfE 2020). Increasingly, the mitigation of such events will depend on the resilience of a range Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) used in Sustainable Urban Drainage Schemes (SUDS), or Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) (Jamei and Tapper 2019; Johnson et al 2021). Understanding the impact of changing precipitation and temperature regimes due climate change is therefore critical to the long-term resilience of such urban infrastructure and design. Cuthbert et al (2022) have assessed the trade-offs between the water retention and cooling benefits of different urban greening methods (such as WSUD) relative to global location and climate. Using the Budyko water-energy balance framework (Budyko 1974), they demonstrated that the potential for water infiltration and storage (thus flood mitigation) was greater where potential evaporation is high relative to precipitation. Similarly, they found that the potential for mitigation of drought conditions was greater in cooler environments. Subsequently, Jaramillo et al. (2022) have illustrated the locations worldwide that will deviate from their current Budyko curve characteristic under climate change scenarios, as the relationship between actual evapotranspiration (AET) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) changes relative to precipitation. Using the above approach we assess the impact of future climate change on the urban water-energy balance in three contrasting New Zealand cities (Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch and Invercargill). The variation in Budyko curve characteristics is then used to describe expected changes in water storage and cooling potential in each urban area as a result of climate change. The implications of the results are then considered with respect to existing WSUD guidelines according to both the current and future climate in each location. It was concluded that calculation of Budyko curve deviation due to climate change could be calculated for any location and land-use type combination in New Zealand and could therefore be used to advance the general understanding of climate change impacts. Moreover, the approach could be used to better define the concept of urban infrastructure resilience and contribute to a better understanding of Budyko curve dynamics under climate change (questions raised by Berghuijs et al 2020)). Whilst this knowledge will assist in implementation of national climate change adaptation (MfE, 2022; UNEP, 2022) and improve climate resilience in urban areas in New Zealand, the approach could be repeated for any global location for which present and future mean precipitation and temperature conditions are known.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.161-178
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• 2006

유역통합관리의 이론을 적용한 의사결정지원 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 Heathcote (1998)가 제안한 다음과 같은 7단계를 수행하는 것이 바람직하다. 단계별 절차는 (1) 대상유역에 대한 정보수집, (2) 문제점 도출 및 우선 순위의 결정, (3) 분명하고 구체적인 목표의 설정, (4) 모든 대안의 제시, (5) 가능한 대안의 선별, (6) 선별된 대안의 효과분석, (7) 최종대안의 수립으로 이루어져 있으며 본 연구는 $1\~5$단계의 과정에 해당된다. 1단계에서는 유역의 물순환에 대해 현장답사 및 문헌조사 등을 통하여 구체적이고 정량적인 정보를 수집하였으며 2단계에서는 중 유역 별로 다양한 지수(홍수피해 잠재능, 건천화 잠재능, 수질오염 잠재능) 및 유역평가 지수를 이용하여 치수, 이수, 수질 측면에서 각각 또는 종합지역으로 문제가 되는 중 유역을 도출하였다. 3단계에서는 유역통합관리 측면에서 우선적으로 고려되어 할 중 유역을 제시하였으며 이를 해결하기 위한 핵심목표를 건천화 방지로 선정하였고 수질개선, 홍수피해 저감의 효과도 고려하는 것으로 하였다. 4단계에서는 이를 위한 구조적, 비구조적 방아을 포함하는 제안들을 제시하였으며 5단계에서는 남아있는 대안에 대해 기술적, 경제적, 환경적 가능성 등을 정성적으로 파악하여 실현 가능한 대안들을 선별하였다. 이렇게 선별된 대아들을 중 유역 별로 필요성 및 가능성을 검토하여 구체적인 예비타당성 계획을 수립하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2014

In this study, we developed a modular rainwater infiltration system that can be applied for general purposes in urban areas to prepare for localized heavy rain caused by climatic change. This study also analyzed the system's effects on reducing runoff. An analysis of the system's effects on reducing runoff based on rainfall data and monitoring data obtained between September 2012 and December 2013 after the system was installed showed that approximately 20~22% of the runoff overflowed from the infiltration facility. Also, an analysis of the runoff that occurred during the monsoon season showed that 25% of the runoff overflowed through the storm sewer system of the urban area. These results show that the rainwater overflows after infiltrating the detention facility installed in the area during high-intensity rainfall of 100mm or higher or when precipitation is 100mm for 3~4 days without the prior rainfall. According to precipitation forecasts, torrential rainfall is becoming increasingly prevalent in Korea which is increasing the risk of floods. Therefore, the standards for storm sewer systems should be raised when planning and redeveloping urban areas, and not only should centralized facilities including sewer systems and rainwater pump facilities be increased, but a comprehensive plan should also be established for the water cycle of urban areas. This study indicates that decentralized rainwater management can be effective in an urban area and also indicates that the extended application of rainwater infiltration systems can offer eco-friendly urban development.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2021

Background and objective: Urban topology can be characterized as impervious, which changes the hydrologic features of an area, increasing surface water flow during local heavy rain events. The pluvial flooding is also influenced by the vertical structures of the urban area. This study suggested a modified digital elevation model (DEM) to identify changes in urban hydrological conditions and segmentalized urban micro catchment areas using a geographical information system (GIS). Methods: This study suggests using a modified DEM creation process based on Rolling Ball Method concepts along with a GIS program. This method proposes adding realized urban vertical data to normal DEM data and simulating hydrological analyses based on RBM concepts. The most important aspect is the combination of the DEM with polygon data, which includes urban vertical data in three datasets: the contour polyline, the locations of buildings and roads, and the elevation point data from the DEM. DEM without vertical data (DCA) were compared with the DEM including vertical data (VCA) to analyze catchment areas in Shin-wol district, Seoul, Korea. Results: The DCA had 136 catchments, and the area of each catchment ranged from 3,406 m² to 423,449 m². The VCA had 2,963 catchments, with the area of each ranging from 50 m² to 16,209 m². The most important finding is that in the overlapped VCA; the boundary of areas directly affected by flooding and the direction of surface water flow could be identified. Flooding data from September 21, 2010 and July 27, 2011 in the Shin-wol district were applied as ground reference data. The finding is that in the overlapped VCA; the boundary of areas directly affected by flooding and the direction of surface water flow could be identified. Conclusion: The analysis of the area vulnerable to surface water flooding (SWF) was more accurately determined using the VCA than using the DCA.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.160-162
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• 2005

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.1321-1325
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• 2004

The continuous monitoring of the runoff in the small-scaled urban watershed and easily accessible experiment catchment is necessary to investigate the overall status of the development in the urban catchment and the varying aspects of the discharge characteristics due to the urbanization. However, the research on the management and the characteristics of the small-scaled model basin for discharge tests has not been actively performed up to now. This study selects the Dong-Eui university basin, which locates at Gaya-dong in Busan, as the experiment catchment to monitor the discharge rate in the urban watershed. EMS(DEMS, DATA-PCS EMS, mini rain gage & AWS(AWS-DEU, DATA-PCS AWS) monitoring system installed for the collection of hydrological data such as the rainfall and the waterlevel. This experiment catchment is the typical urban catchment and is under development, and it is possible to analyze the varying aspects of the discharge rate during and after the development.