• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 2011

To classify the relationship between riparian vegetation type and bird habitat, we studied the vegetation and avian species in the three streams(Anyang Stream, Gap Stream, Seom River), located in middle province. Five different vegetation types - Woodland type, Shrub type, Tall and wet grassland type, Low and dry grassland type and Cropland - were identified. The habitats of avian species were highly correlated with vegetation type. Streptopelia orientalis and Hypsipetes amaurotis were found in woodland. Both Paradoxornis webbiana and Phoenicurus auroreus were mainly found in shrub. Tall and wet grassland were preference habitats of Ixobrychus sinensis, Acrocephalus arundinaceus, while, low and dry grassland were occupied by Phasianus colchicus, Falco tinnunculus. Cropland were used as breeding and feeding sites for Egretta alba modesta, Anas poecilorhyncha, Anthus spinoletta. Distribution patterns of avian species were clearly divided by vegetation type and site characteristics in the stream.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2008

Land-use in northern Cheongju region is changing rapidly because of the increased interactions of human activities with the environment as population increases. Land-use change detection is considered essential for monitoring the growth of an urban complex. The analysis was undertaken mainly on the basis of the multi-temporal Landsat images (1991, 1992 and 2000) and DEM data in a post-classification analysis with GIS to map land-use distribution and to analyse factors influencing the land-use changes for Cheongju city. The area of each land-use category was also calculated for monitoring land-use changes. Land-use statistics revealed that substantial land-use changes have taken place and that the built-up areas have expanded by about $17.57km^2$ (11.47%) over the study period (1991 - 2000). This study illustrated an increasing trend of urban and barren lands areas with a decreasing trend of agricultural and forest areas. Land-use changes from one category to others have been clearly represented by the NDVI composite images, which were found suitable for delineating the development of urban areas and land use changes in northern Cheongju region. Rapid economic developments together with the increasing population were noted to be the major factors influencing rapid land use changes. Urban expansion has replaced urban and barren lands.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.553-563
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• 2006

This study aims to produce land-cover maps of Korean peninsula using multi-temporal MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) imagery. To solve the low spatial resolution of MODIS data and enhance classification accuracy, Linear Spectral Mixture Analysis (LSMA) was employed. LSMA allowed to determine the fraction of each surface type in a pixel and develop vegetation, soil and water fraction images. To eliminate clouds, MVC (Maximum Value Composite) was utilized for vegetation fraction and MinVC (Minimum Value Composite) for soil fraction image respectively. With these images, using ISODATA unsupervised classifier, southern part of Korean peninsula was classified to low and mid level land-cover classes. The results showed that vegetation and soil fraction images reflected phenological characteristics of Korean peninsula. Paddy fields and forest could be easily detected in spring and summer data of the entire peninsula and arable land in North Korea. Secondly, in low level land-cover classification, overall accuracy was 79.94% and Kappa value was 0.70. Classification accuracy of forest (88.12%) and paddy field (85.45%) was higher than that of barren land (60.71%) and grassland (57.14%). In midlevel classification, forest class was sub-divided into deciduous and conifers and field class was sub-divided into paddy and field classes. In mid level, overall accuracy was 82.02% and Kappa value was 0.6986. Classification accuracy of deciduous (86.96%) and paddy (85.38%) were higher than that of conifers (62.50%) and field (77.08%).

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.167-175
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• 2012

Coastal sand dune systems are particularly fragile and threaten the environment. However, these systems provide fundamental ecosystem services to the nearby urban areas, acting, for example, as protective buffers against erosion. In this paper, we attempt to classify the biotope types of coastal sand dune ecosystems and select an index for the assessment of the conservation value. The types of biotopes are categorized based on the vegetation map; floras are examined in order to research the effects of hinterlands on coastal sand dunes. In addition, a naturalization rate and an urbanization index for each biotope type in hinterlands are analyzed. In the ecosystem of coastal sand dunes, the urbanization index and naturalization rate shows a higher value in sand dunes with areas of road, residential, and idle land in farm villages, rice fields, and fields. On the contrary, a lower value in the urbanization index and naturalization rate is present when typical biotope types, such as sand dune vegetation and natural Pinus thunbergii forests, are widely distributed. Based on these results, urbanization index and naturalization rate should be used as critical indices for the assessment of the ecosystem of costal sand dunes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.646-659
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• 2018

This study proposed "Reservoir Park", which added disaster prevention function to urban green spaces such as city parks through domestic and overseas related laws review, case studies, field trips. This is a combination of urban parks and reservoirs as urban planning facilities, which can provide both space for daily use by urban residents and disaster mitigation functions in case of emergency. In order to prevent flooding in urban areas due to climate change, facilities should be installed in the form of parks, etc., as the reservoir facility should be systematically reviewed together with urban planning facilities. However it was found that the reservoir park was not clear as a theme park. In this study, the types of storage facilities in urban areas were reclassified into five types of storage parks reflecting the characteristics of urban green spaces through domestic case studies and field trips. The classification of the reservoir parks is classified into 5 kinds such as ecological type, vegetation cover type, exercise facility type, underground burial type and hybrid type based on groundwater level, human use, and reservoir size. This classification system can be used to determine the types of facilities to be built after designating the location of future storage facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2003

This research aims to classify wetland types and evaluate functions of a wetland created by abandoned rice paddies. The case study area is Ja-un wetland in Daejeon Metropolitan City. In this study, wetland types were classified based on the basic elements of wetlands such as hydrology, vegetation, and soil conditions. This study was carried out based upon field surveys, drawing maps and publication, and modified-RAM which can evaluate the general functions and conservation values of wetlands. The analysis shows that several types of wetlands were identified, such as Palustrine/ Perennial/ Hydrophytes, Palustrine/ Perennial/ Openwater, Palustrine/ Seasonal/Herbal, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Shrub and Scrub, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Hydrophye, and Riparian/ Seasonal/ Shrub and Scrub in the Ja-un wetland. The average level of functions of the wetlands is very "HIGH", and it is recommended that prompt conservation measures should be taken.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.820-824
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• 2003

One of the most important research areas on remote sensing is spectral unmixing of hyper-spectral data. For spectral unmixing of hyper spectral data, accurate land cover information is necessary. But obtaining accurate land cover information is difficult process. Obtaining land cover information from high-resolution data may be a useful solution. In this study spectral signature of endmembers on ASTER acquired in October was calculated from land cover information on IKONOS acquired in September. Then the spectral signature of endmembers applied to ASTER images acquired on January and March. Then the result of spectral unmxing of them evauateted. The spectral signatures of endmembers could be applied to different seasonal images. When it applied to an ASTER image which have similar zenith angle to the image of the spectral signatures of endmembers, spectral unmixing result was reliable. Although test data has different zenith angle from the image of spectral signatures of endmembers, the spectral unmixing results of urban and vegetation were reliable.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.611-622
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to three-criteria landuse-pattern, developing density, NDVI which were related to the heat island and find the distribution characteristic of urban surface temperature and urban heat island effects. The results of this study were as follows. According to the analysis of surface temperatures, the first grade was the outside-city like a mountain and its temperature was less than $12.18^{\circ}C$. The fifth grade was the downtown industrial area and its temperature was more than $23.54^{\circ}C$. It means Daegu-Metropolitan-City has the serious heat-island effect. the results of landuse pattern analysis, in case of fifth and forth grade, city area was occupied over 90% with residential, commercial and industrial areas, but in case of third grade, openspace was occupied over 70%. The results of developing density analysis, the temperature had high correlation with building ratio, road ratio, vegetation ratio and etc. To plan for the decrease of heat island effect needed the extension of green space, decrease of paving, but there was a limit to get the objective method for grade classification because of lacking in the basic data, the research of criteria will be accomplished continuously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

Human beings have pursued development and economic betterment; thus, enhancing convenience and prosperity. A flourish of human civilization upon the industrialization results a massive urbanization. However, human beings have connived the environmental importance in the course of rapid urbanization. The environmental quality now becomes one of the most important factors that determine the quality of life in a city. Many studies were proceeded about the heat island effect in large cities. In general, most studies have been done to investigate urban microclimate phenomena using meteorological network or AWS (automatic weather station) data. Those preceding studies do not seem to sufficiently reflect the and thus, failed to show regional representative. In this study, temporal Landsat TM satellite imageries of May 20, 1987 and May 21, 1999 were 뻐d in order to detect the surface temperature of the study area using the band 6 ($10.4{\mu}m{\sim}12.5{\mu}m$). The surface temperature distribution detected by the band 6 of Landsat TM was over layed with the land cover classification data in order to investigate the temperature difference of the paved road and the riparian areas of the stream. As a result, a surface temperature difference as much as $3^{\circ}C$ between the paved road and the riparian areas with vegetation was observed. This study concludes that the land cover change is one of the main causes of urban heat island effect which may be closely affected by the paved areas and roads. Besides, the change of the atmospheric temperature followed by the urban secular change could have been confirmed. In the case of Yangjaecheon stream which underwent a heavy environmental restoration in 1995, the temperature was decreased as much as $0.6^{\circ}C$ after the restoration. The results of this study is expected to contribute to develop an urban space in harmony with the healthy human life and the environment respecting the crucial role of vegetation to stabilize the urban environmental dynamics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.897-901
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to conduct land cover classification respectively using Landsat TM data collected on Oct., 1985 and KOMPSAT-1 EOC data collected on Jan., 2000 covering Gumi city, Gyeongbuk Province and to detect urban change by comparing between both land cover maps. Multispectral images of Landsat TM have spatial resolution of 30m are well known as useful data for extracting information related to landcover, vegetation classification, urban growth analysis and so forth. In contrast, as KOMPSAT-1 EOC collects panchromatic images with relatively high spatial resolution of 6.6m. We try to analyze how accurate landcover classification result is able to be derived from the panchromatic images. As the results of the study, the KOMPSAT EOC data with high resolution greater than 4 times showed higher classification degree than Landsat TM data. It was ascertained that the built-up region was extended by three to four times in the last 15 years between 1985 and 2000. In the contrast, it was shown that the forest region was decreased by 15% to 27% and the grass region including agricultural region was decreased by 28% to 45%.