• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제10권1호통권19호
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• pp.115-130
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is ; 1) to identify the overall levels of family problem and stress perceived by urban homemakers, 2) to investigate the relations between them. For the purpose of this study, the samples were chosen among 369 homemakers living in Seoul. These data were analyzed by Frequency, mean, t-test, F-test, Duncan's Multiple Rang test and pearson's correlation. The significant results are as follows : 1) urban homemakers perceive 'economic problem' as the highest level, 'children problem' as the second one and 'health problem' as the lowest one in family life problem. There is significant difference in family problem perception according to education level, husband's job, children's numbers, and living level. 2) There is not sigificant difference in stress level according to independence variables. 3) There are positive correlations between the family problem perception and stress level of urban homemakers. In conclusion, we come to know every field of family life effects homemakers as stressors. According, it is necessary for us to understand and prevent family life problem in order to release stress perceived by homemakers.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the self-rated oral health status of local residents and their quality of life in urban and county areas in an effort to provide information on how to improve their quality of life. Method : The 2015 community health survey data for South Gyeongsang Province(10 urban regions and 10 county areas) were analyzed. Result : The findings of the study were as follows: As for the characteristics of self- rated oral health, there were better self-rated oral health, less chewing difficulty, less use of dentures, higher rate of receiving dental checkups and more scaling experience in the urban communities than in the county areas. Concerning EQ-5D and happiness index by region, the two were higher in the urban regions than in the county areas. In regard to EQ-5D and happiness index by the characteristics of self-rated oral health, better self-rated oral health status and less chewing difficulty led to higher EQ-5D and higher happiness index. And the two were higher when dentures were not used, when more dental checkups were received and when there was more scaling experience. Conclusion : Therefore in order to boost the quality of life of local residents, the preparation of various educational programs is necessary to raise their awareness of health, and they should be provided with a wide range of medical benefits by dispersing medical institutions that are mostly located in urban communities or by expanding public health services in county areas.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.102-115
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• 2004

As a household's residential location is closely related to its workplace and place of education, the urban exodus of city dwellers changes their ways of commuting to workplace and attending school. This paper examines the influence of urban exodus on the change of a way of life through relations between residential location and modes of commuting. Despite moving to the countryside, exurban migrants still want to experience rural health without abandoning the city lifestyle. However, they are faced with various difficulties in commuting to workplace and attending school, because suburban and exurban areas have poor accessibility to the central city. In order to overcome these problems, most of them choose "the residential segmentation of the family" through which the head of the family commutes to the city from his or her family home in exurban areas and children go to school from their second home in the central city, or try "to link commuting to workplace with attending school".

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1997

Korea, once called a nation of Oriental Courtesy has been tinged with the confusion of the view of value and the loss of humanity. Children and adolescents are seen as impolite. It has been accepted that urban children are more impolite than rural children. This study was performed to identify whether there are any difference in the courtesy between urban and rural children. Also the degree of relationship between the parents' courtesy education and the children's courtesy practice was analyzed. The results of the research are as follows : 1. Parents emphasized the education of the courtesy in school life, and neglected the education of the basic courtesy. Urban parents were more eager to educate the courtesy in school life than rural parents. 2. Children peformed the courtesy in school life best, and basic courtesy worst. Rural children practiced courtesy better than urban children. 3. There were significant relationships between parents' courtesy education and child's courtesy practice.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

The urban park provides a safe rest and leisure area, and offers the beauty of nature to counter the drearyness of urban space. It can provide benefits such as the reduction of environmental pollution, the regulation of the local climate, and it can also provide a safe area during times of disaster. However, there was no interest in urban park development and control in Korea during the economic boom of the mid 1960s. Furthermore, during the industrialization process, the population grew significantly in the cities and the cities' scales were noticeably extended; as a result of this, the living environment and the natural environment in the cities worsened. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, urban green area diminished, and it became necessary to organize the urban park system to improve quality of life. 45% of south korea's population lives in 6 cities, which is only 4% of Korea's land size. The Urban park system has to be considered in the urban planning process. Paris' urban green system can be a role-model for Korea's urban green development plan to function organically. Urban public park concepts have been used in Paris's urban planning since 1850. There were hardly any parks, gardens and squares for the public before the middle of the 19th century. For improving life-styles for the poor, Napoleon III strongly supported the development of green space systems in Paris by G.E. Haussmann. Napoleon III and Haussmann established and applied the urban green regulation within Paris urban planning. The purpose of this study is to investigate the green regulations Haussmann's Paris urban plan and urban green space system: and as a result of this, it can be an indicator for urban green space development in Korea.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2013

In the midst of growing demand for rural life of urban dwellers, this study tried to investigate the difference in behavior and recognition about urban rural exchange between Korea and Japan. For this, this study utilized 2,000 total samples of the survey conducted by MLIT in Japan, because Japan has experienced a low birth rate and aging population earlier and actively promoting urban rural exchange program than South Korea. The result of the analysis is as follows. First, the needs for rural life of urban dwellers are similar both in Japan and South Korea. However, Japanese prioritize future efforts to current efforts. Second, urban dwellers' activities in rural areas were classified into three categories; field trips and hands-on activities, cruise and circulating activities, and leisure activities. Third, similarly three types of visit or intercourse of urban dwellers into rural areas were classified; repeatedly visit the same place as 'iterative type', visit a new place as 'new pioneer type', and not yet determined as 'undefined type'. Variables such as age of household, income, number of inmate, and number of children were analyzed linked to these three types of visit or intercourse in a Discriminant analysis. As a result, only 'age of household', however, turned out to be the crucial factor which influence decisively distinguishing characteristics of these three types of visit into rural areas.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 1995

As the population of elderly in Korea is increasing rapidly since the 1990's and will more rapidly in the 21st Century, the demand of their health care would be a great burden to health care expenditure. Then it would be necessary to contemplate the functional status and life satisfaction for elderly to make them live more independently. The objectives of this study were find out the functional status in life and life satisfaction for the elderly aged 65 or over who had resided in urban area of two Gus in Pusan and rural area of two Myuns in Haman Gun in Kyeognam Province, and to provide basic data for planning systematic health care programme. The study period was two weeks from February 6 to February 18, 1995 and the subjects were 274 elderly of which 143 were urban residents, 131 were rural residents, and the study method was by structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SAS/PC/sup +/ programme using Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows; 1. To see the pattern of living together, those living with partners were the most common, 39.1% ; 37.8% of urban elderly lived with married sons, 32.2% of them lived with partners, but 46.6% of rural elderly lived with partners, 16.8% of them lived with married sons, which showed difference between residence(p<0.005). 2. Elderly who had jobs were 64.1% in rural residents, and 7.7% in urban residents, which showed significant difference(p<0.05). 3. The score of cognitive function of total subjects was 24.7, that of urban elderly was 23.8, and that of rural elderly was 25.7, then it was higher in rural ones and low for old-elders and those who had no jobs. 4. The score of PADL was 26.8 for urban elderly, 30.1 for rural elderly, and that of IADL was 22.2 for urban elderly, 25.6 for rural elderly, which showed higher activities of daily living for rural elderly than urban elderly(p<0.001). 5. The score of domestic performance was 21.9 for urban elderly, and 30.5 for rural elderly, which showed higher score for rural elderly(p<0.001). 6. The score of life satisfaction was 20.7 for urban elderly, 29.8 for rural elderly, then it was higher for rural elderly(p<0.01). 7. As a result of ANOVA for functional status in living by general characteristics; the score of cognitive function differed by age, job; that of PADL differed by age, job, education, and the pattern of living together, that of IADL differed by age, job, and the pattern of living together. The score of domestic role performance differed by age, job, marital status, and the pattern of living together. 8. ANOVA for life satisfaction showed that the score of life satisfaction differed by job(p<0.001) and the pattern of living together(p<0.01). 9. The correlations between functional status in living and life satisfaction showed that the higher the score of cognitive function was(r=0.39), the higher the score of activities of daily living was(r=0.50), and the higher the score of domestic role performance was(r=0.41), the higher the score of life satisfaction. 10. Stepwise multiple regression analysis for life satisfaction pointed out that residence was responsible for 39.9% of the variance. cognitive function was for 5.3%, and domestic role performance was for 1.2%.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 소음의 발생은 거주 인구수와 밀접한 관련이 있다는 전제하에 일관된 비교를 위해 10만 명당 도시림 면적율 및 10만 명당 생활권도시림 면적율과 소음의 상관관계를 분석하였으며, 비교를 위해 1인당 도시림 면적 및 1인당 생활권도시림 면적과 소음간의 상관관계도 분석하였다. 상관계수 분석은 자료의 특성을 감안하여 Pearson 상관계수와 Spearman 상관계수 분석을 병행하였다. 분석결과 인구 10만 명당 도시림 면적율이 증가할수록 대부분의 지역 밤과 낮 시간대에서 소음을 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 인구 10만 명당 생활권도시림 면적율은 특히 도로변지역의 밤 시간대에 소음을 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 분석되었다. 1인당 도시림 면적을 기준으로 할 경우에도 모든 지역의 밤과 낮 시간대에서 도시림 면적의 증가는 소음을 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 분석되며, 1인당 생활권도시팀 면적도 일반지역 밤과 낮 시간대에서 그리고 도로변지역의 낮 시간대에서 소음을 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 상관계수 분석결과는 도시림 면적의 확대가 도시지역 내의 소음감소를 위해 효과적인 정책대안이 될 수 있다는 점을 시사하고 있다. 상관계수 분석결과는 또한 생활권도시림 면적의 확대보다는 도시림 전체 면적의 확대가 소음 감소를 위해 보다 효과적인 방안이 될 수 있다는 점을 말하고 있다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2022

Planning activity is complex process assuming the term "complexity" as a group of elements interconnected each other. The common knowledge about city planning underlines its main aim as: figuring the present, imaging the future, governing every day the territory and the way people use and live it at different scales. When considering the strength of technological opportunities and the spreading of ICT and IoT devices within everyday life, that mean within the life of cities, the complex nature of the urban system increases with the intensification of information and their connections. Recent orientations about urban and regional planning try to carry the discipline to a more flexible approach in respect to the hyperdeterminant role of direct technical applications. This passage is a fundamental aspect considering the faster and faster modifications of social and economic assets at the global and local scale. At the same time, the "environment question" became more and more relevant at the worldwide scale within the 2015 UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Another relevant aspect about the recent urban planning orientations regards the role of the different subjects that are part of the planning process. Approaching the government of smart cities means to define how every subject, with different roles (public or private), could enrich the knowledge of the functioning of the "urban machine" and the awareness of participation of people and city users in the quality of urban life. In the paper author starts defining recent approaches in urban planning, then the nature of the city as a complex system is analyzed from the point of view of planners and of the different subjects that act in the city. Then the smart city is introduced as a further level of complexity and finally author propose the basic element of a Planning Support System.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.223-235
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• 2011

OLS 회귀분석은 환경적 형평성과 도시 삶의 질의 공간적 관계를 밝히기 위하여 사용되어 질수 있지만, 이러한 전역적 방법은 그 공간적 관계에 있어서 국지적 변이를 설명할 수 없다. 이들 지리적 변이를 밝혀 내기 위해서는 반드시 국지적 방법을 사용해야 한다. 이러한 맥락에서, 본 논문은 국지적 방법인 지리적 가중회귀분석(GWR)을 이용하여 애틀란타 대도시권에서 환경적 형평성과 도시 삶의 질간의 공간적 변이관계를 탐색하고자 한다. 환경적 형평성과 도시 삶의 질은 GIS와 원격탐사의 통합적 방법에 의하여 측정되었다. 연구결과에 따르면, 애틀란타 대도시권에서 환경적 형평성과 도시 삶의 질의 공간적 관계는 일반적으로 유의적인 부의 관계가 있었다. 또한, 환경적 형평성과 도시 삶의 질의 관계는 공간상에서 상당히 변이하고, 전역적 OLS 모델 보다 GWR 모델이 이러한 공간적 변이관계를 더 잘 설명할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.