• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2023

Very few studies have been reported on upper extremity replantation following traumatic amputation. This case study aimed to report the progress of a patient treated with complex Korean medicine for 1 year after elbow replantation. The patient mainly complained of forearm sensory loss, muscle weakness, and hand pain after undergoing upper limb amputation and emergency replantation. He was hospitalized for approximately 50 days and then received outpatient treatment for approximately 10 months, followed by electroacupuncture, moxibustion, Chuna, herbal medicine, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. The muscle strength of the wrist joint improved to good (flexion) and fair (extension), and the forearm sensation was partially recovered approximately 10 months after the onset. To our knowledge, this is the first case report on replantation rehabilitation in Korean medicine, and it suggests that complex Korean medicine treatment might be beneficial for patients undergoing replantation after upper extremity amputation.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2016

This study aimed to analyze postures that were frequently conducted in manufacturing industry. To find grip strength and muscle activities of each posture, Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) and ElectroMyoGraphy (EMG) were measured. Based on the results of this study, the most appropriate posture could be suggested and used as a basic information for preventing musculoskeletal disorders. Most work-related musculoskeletal disorders have been occurred in the fields of manufacturing industry. According to previous studies, it was reported that the rate of musculoskeletal diseases of upper extremity was higher than that of other body parts. Accordingly, there were many studies about discomfort and grip strength of upper extremity. However, these studies dealt with single selection of wrist, elbow and shoulder. So, it was insufficient for comprehensive studies about upper extremity. And in order to improve the work posture, the physiological changes being generated by the combination of wrist, elbow and shoulder postures should be observed and analyzed. In order to conduct this study, thirty university students who had no records of MSDs involved were recruited. Independent variables were postures of wrist(pronation, neutral, supination), postures of elbow(flexion $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$) and postures of shoulder(flexion $0^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$). And dependent variables were MVC values and EMG values. Jamar dynamometer and TeleMyo 2400T G2 was used to measure MVC and EMG. MVC and EMG for 12 postures were measured for three second and for three times. Experiment was performed randomly. A 10 minutes rest period was provided after each t. To measure muscle load, the EMG signals of eight muscles (Biceps, Medial triceps, Lateral triceps, Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris and Flexor carpi radialis) were evaluated. MVC values and EMG values were analyzed using Minitab ver. 14. The results showed that MVC value was the highest at shoulder $0^{\circ}$, elbow $45^{\circ}$ and wrist supination. In case of wrist postures, MVC of supination is the highest. In case of elbow and shoulder postures, MVC of flexion $45^{\circ}$ and $0^{\circ}$ was the highest. It was found that there were interaction between wrist and elbow posture under shoulder flexion and between shoulder and wrist under elbow flexion $45^{\circ}$. In case of the angle of shoulder $0^{\circ}$, elbow $45^{\circ}$ and wrist supination, the EMG values of four muscles(Medial Triceps, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris) were the highest. Based on this study, it is worth to note that the combination postures of upper extremity have a large impact on the MVC and EMG. The optimal condition upper extremity was shoulder flexion $0^{\circ}$, elbow flexion $45^{\circ}$ and wrist supination for preventing work-related musculoskeletal disease.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

Free flap transplantation demands meticulous microsurgical technique to cover the exposed vital structures which is important to restore and maintain functions of the extremities. From July 1992 through December 2000, 99 patients were received reconstructive microsurgery in the upper and lower extremity at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital. The most common cause in the upper extremity was industrial accident, 8 cases of total 15 cases and in the lower extremity was traffic accident, 66 cases of total 84 cases. The most commonly involved site was thumb and finger, 8 cases of total 15 cases and in the lower extremity was leg, 65 cases of total 84 cases. In upper extremity, the wrap around free flap was carried out in 4 cases(4.0%), first dorsal metatarsal artery flap and lateral arm flap were 3 cases(3.0%) each in 15 cases and in lower extremity, latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap were 23 cases(23.2%), gracilis 20cases(20.2%), and rectus abdominis muscle flap 18(18.2%) in 84 cases. Overall 89 cases(89.9%) of 99 cases were survived and maintained and revealed good cosmetic results.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of attentional focus and distance of external focus on the performance of balance task of upper extremity. Subjects (N=30) held a stick (2 m) and maintained it horizontally. All of the subjects performed balance task of upper extremity under four different attentional focus conditions: focus on hand (internal focus), marker at 10 cm inside of hand (external focus 1), marker at 10 cm outside of hand (external focus 2), marker at 20 cm outside of hand (external focus 3). The mean velocity of the bar (mm/s) and the muscle activity of biceps brachii (%RVC) were measured. They were decreased when the subjects focused on external focuses compared to internal focus and decreased as distance of attentional focus from body increased (p<.05). There were significant differences between groups (p<.05); internal focus-external focus 1, internal focus-external focus 2, internal focus-external focus 3, external focus 2-external focus 3. These results showed that external focus is more effective than internal focus in enhancing motor performance and focusing on more distant attentional focus results in enhanced motor performance promoting the utilization of more automatic control mechanisms.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.331-340
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in body composition, upper and lower limb muscle strength, and functional physical ability in urban-dwelling elderly women with or without obesity. Methods: All study participants were assigned to the normal weight group (n=8, BMI<25) and the obesity group (n=7, BMI>25) based on their obesity rate. Anthropometric measurement was conducted and body composition was measured. For the upper and lower limb strength, grip strength and maximal isometric knee extension and flexion were evaluated by a dynamometer. The senior fitness test was performed to measure functional ability. Data analysis was conducted by the independent t-test and the alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: The waist, hips, and thighs of obese elderly women were thicker than those of normal-weight elderly women. This physical difference resulted from body fat mass, not muscle mass. Despite a similar level of limb muscle mass between the two groups, the upper limb grip strength was higher (24.00% for left, 19.95% for right) in the normal-weight women than the obese women (p<0.05), but otherwise there was no difference in maximal knee flexion or extension isometric strength. Functional physical ability showed no difference in a 30-second chair sit and stand test and a six-minute walk test, but a 30-second arm-curl (11.00% for left, 14.81% for right), back stretch (8.54cm for left, 8.99cm for right), chair sit and reach (9.22cm for left, 6.24cm for right), and 2.44 meter round trip walk (0.62 sec, 9.39%) were faster in performance for normal-weight elderly women than obese elderly women (p<0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, despite similar levels of upper and lower extremity muscle mass, normal-weight elderly women showed higher performance in upper limb strength, flexibility, and agility than obese elderly women, but there was no difference in lower extremity functional muscle strength and cardiopulmonary endurance.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2000

중종근무력증 환자들에게 반복신경자극검사를 시행함에 있어서 하지의 근육들의 진단적 민감성을 파악해 보기 위하여 건강한 남녀 20명과 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 신경과에 중증근무력증의 특징적인 증상을 주소로 내훤한 grade 2이상의 환자 10례를 대상으로 안윤근, 소지외전근, 척측수근굴근과 하지의 내경골근, 단지선근, 내광근에서 반복신경자극검사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 환자에서 반복신경자극검사에서 안면근육과 상지근육은 하지근육보다 민감도에서 높은 결과를 보여 주었고, 정상인과 중증근무력증 환자사이에서 안정기, 운동 직후, 운동 후 1분, 운동 후 3분에서의 감소성반응수치는 안면과 상지근육에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이 (P<0.01 or p<0.05)가 있었으나 하지근육에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다, 중증근무력증환자에서의 반복신경자극검사 결과 안윤근에서 20례, 척측수근굴근에서 14례, 소지외전근에서 12례에서 양성반응을 보였으며, 하지에서는 전경골근에서 4례, 단지선근에서 8례, 내광근에서 3례에서 양성반응이 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 중증근무력증이 의심되는 환자에게 반복신경자극검사를 시행할 경우에 안면과 상지근육에 정성소견이 보이면 하지근육에서 반복신경자극검사를 시행할 필요는 없는 것으로 생각되나, 빈도는 낮지만 하지근육애서도 양성반응을 보임에 따라서 추후에 좀 더 많은 환자에 대해서 하지근육의 반복신경자극검사를 시행해 볼 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analysis of the association between upper extremity function and the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) for chronic hemiparetic stroke patients and investigate the evidence of the WMFT as a clinical tool of upper extremity function in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Methods: This study applied an observational, cross-sectional design in outpatients at three local rehabilitation units in Seoul. Forty-nine individuals who had a diagnosis of first stroke participated in this study. All participants were analyzed for four clinical measures, including the Box and Block Test (BBT), the WMFT, grip strength, and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Results: Upon analysis, a significant relationship was found between the WMFT scores and BBT scores as well as the grip strength. The WMFT score was statistically and positively associated with the COPM satisfaction score; however, it was not related to the COPM performance score. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the WMFT is positively related to simple tasks, such as hand muscle strength and manual dexterity. However, the WMFT does not have a relationship with complex tasks, which are measured by COPM performance abilities.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to the effect of task-oriented arm movements and muscle enhancement program using elastic bands on limb muscle strength and activities of daily living of mitochondrial myopathy patient. Method : Single-subject experimental research design was applied to. AB Design was adopted. The study period was approximately four weeks. A baseline period of the three sessions of the experiment, the treatment period B, 3 sessions were conducted. Baseline period to observe the patient's daily life bardel index was measured as an independent feature, MMT as a limb muscle strength was assessed by measuring early. During the period of treatment with serabaendeu limb strength training 30 minutes after the break five minutes after the treatment using MMT limb muscle strength were evaluated. Task-oriented exercise program, and who exercise a week as a treatment was carried out in 30 minutes. Result : All of the scores for each sessional period of treatment when compared to base line and upper limb muscle strengthening exercises on the subjects that did not change significantly. Conclusion : If the muscles and nervous system involvement in patients with symptoms such as muscle weakness and paralysis of upper extremity functional use is difficult.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of rehabilitation training using video game on improvement range of motion for upper -extremity, shoulder pain and stress in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods: The study utilized nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Participants are sampled from a group of people who are hospitalized in rehabilitation medicine ward at 'K' university hospital in 'S' city from January 1st 2011 to October 31th. Each 28members of control group and experimental group, total 56members were participated. One task is for 10minutes, and the video game for total 30minutes performed 5 times a week, for 3weeks. Data were analyzed by SPSS WIN 17.0. Results: The range of motion for upper-extremity in experimental group was significantly different from that in control group(shoulder flexion t=7.70, $p$ <.001, extension t=7.80, p<.001, abduction t=6.95, $p$ <.001, elbow flexion t=6.47, $p$ <.001). The shoulder pain score in experimental group was significantly different from that in control group(t=-14.58, $p$ <.001). The level of stress in experimental group was significantly different from that in control group(t=-4.89, $p$ <.001). Conclusion: The result proved that rehabilitation training using video game was an effective stroke patients to increase in range of motion for upper-extremity and decrease in the shoulder pain, stress.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 상지하부 절단환자를 대상으로 하는 상지 근전도 기반의 로봇 팔 제어방법을 제안한다. 로봇 팔의 제어를 위해 전완 신전근과 전완 굴곡근 그리고 이두근의 근활성도를 분석하여 특정 자세에 따른 근활성도 분포를 제어입력으로 활용하였다. 이러한 제어 입력은 알고리즘을 통하여 로봇 팔을 제어하기 위한 제어명령으로 변환된다. 제안하는 방법에 대한 실험 및 검증을 위하여 1채널 근전도 착용형 모듈과 각각의 모듈과의 연동을 통하여 3채널 근전도 분석을 수행하는 PC 어플리케이션 기반의 5자유도 로봇 팔 제어시스템을 구성하였다. 제어의 정확도 및 성능평가를 위해 로봇 팔을 통한 물건 옮기기 실험을 수행하였으며, 20대 중반의 남성을 대상으로 하여 10시간의 숙달훈련 후 실험을 수행한 결과 실험결과의 평균 정확도가 92.5%로서 제안하는 방법은 유효한 것으로 평가하였다.