• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.84-89
• /
• 2010

In Korea, the method of assessing uninsured costs is not adopted in a direct way, but in an indirect way on the basis of the insured cost. From this method, the cost of accidents can be approximately calculated, but accurate calculation of uninsured costs is not easy. Therefore, a better method of assessing uninsured costs caused by industrial accidents is necessary. In this study, the system program and database for assessing uninsured costs from industrial accidents were developed on the basis of the results of previous studies. This program and database could quantitatively assess uninsured costs more accurately and quickly than other studies. This system would contribute to the efficient analysis of industrial accident costs.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.497-502
• /
• 2017

Estimation of accident cost is a sound and great safety indicator on determining accurate occupational safety and health prevention. Just like in Korea, Heinrich ratio analysis of (1:4) between direct and indirect costs has been become widely used in safety management because of its simplicity. In this study four major categories of uninsured (indirect) cost items and 18 sub-categories of uninsured (indirect) cost items were identified. To determine and validate the importance and necessity of the results of a literature review an expert or professional surveyed had been analyses using the SPSS 18.0, where in the participants whose expertize is in the field of compensation and safety. Based on the results of survey all participants all uninsured (indirect) cost items classified was important and necessary when accidents occurred. Despite recognition of expert on the classification of uninsured (indirect) cost items, it is quite difficult to make generalization for all kind of costs in occupational accident case due to different nature of business for each industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2009

The estimation of costs from industrial accidents is very important because they have a serious effect on individuals, companies, and nation. The department of labor estimates the cost of accidents by using the "Heinrich" method. From that method, the scale of accident cost can be approximately computed, but accurate calculation of uninsured cost is not easy. Therefore, a better method of calculating uninsured cost caused by industrial accident is necessary. This study aimed to construct an estimation method of uninsured cost according to domestic circumstances. The results of this study are as follows: (1) This study derived applicable factors for quantitative estimation of industrial accident cost (2) This study made the equation that the calculation of each item of uninsured cost was possible (3) This study applied the uninsured cost by degrees of disaster to individual items (4) The subjects and types of occurrence in uninsured cost were analyzed and presented. Theses results will provide a basis for further researchers of uninsured cost.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2014

With a view to analyzing the influential factors and their prioritization in association with the loss from construction disasters, this study has presented relative weighted value and importance for each category of loss by making a systematic classification of costs for non-insured categories (indirect costs) and conducting AHP analysis based on results of a survey of specialists. Through the study, first, I have divided the larger classification of loss factors into human loss factor, financial loss factor, special cost factor, and managerial loss factor, and, second, have presented prioritization of loss categories by allotting scores based on weighted values after calculating weighted value through pairwise comparison of loss levels. Based on these results of the study, we should be able to qualitatively calculate the loss costs that construction disasters inflict on business, promote rational decision-making and efficiency in spending related to a disaster, and compare it against safety investment designed to reduce disaster loss from the perspective of business strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.96-101
• /
• 2011

In previous studies, a system was developed for classifying items of uninsured cost and for generating factors and formulas by item for calculating accident loss costs. However, the loss cost of stopped production was not considered when the system was being developed. In addition, the system which was developed in previous studies had problems such as input error and data collection, owing to numerous input items. Therefore, this study developed a Revised system which considers the loss cost of stopped production, and a Simple system for improving the problems in input errors and data collection. In this study, unquantifiable factors were not considered. Further study that takes these factors into consideration is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 1996

Estimating the cost of injuries and "accidents" to an organization is very important to figure out about how much well each organization has run his company and how much efficiently he has got the results using a certain amount of the expense for safety. Despite the potential usefulness to management of information as to the cost of a company's "accidents", it is not customary accounting practice to make these data available. Of the two general kinds of costs forced on a company by its occupational injuries and "accidents", the insurance cost and uninsured cost, -the former is by far the easier to find out. But actually, this uninsured cost should be figured out at each company. Authors have designed the generalized model to figure out the above problem costs to establish its efficient safety control. One construction company has been a pilot for this study. It is found that efficient safety control cost should be 1.2%~l.3% of total selling amount by analyzing actual data for three years.g actual data for three years.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2002

Objective : To estimate the socioeconomic costs of obesity in Korea,1998. Methods : The 1998 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(1998 NHNES) data was used and 10,880 persons who had taken health examinations were selected for study. Essential hypertension, NIDDM(non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), dyslipidemia, osteoarthritis, coronary heart disease, stroke were included as obesity related disease. The data of direct costs of obesity was obtained from the National Federation of Medical Insurance. The category of indirect costs was the loss of productivity caused by premature death and admission, time costs, traffic costs, nursing fees due to obesity. Multiple logistic regression model was developed to estimate prevalence odds ratio by obesity class adjusted demographic and socio-ecnomic factors and calculate PAF(Population Attributable Fraction) of obesity on obesity related disease. And we finally calculated the socioeconomic costs of obesity in relation to BMI with PAF. Results : The direct costs of obesity were 2,126 billion${\sim}965$ billion Won in considering out of pocket payment to uninsured services, and the indirect costs of obesity were 2,099 billion${\sim}1,086$ billion Won. Consequently, in considering out of pocket payment to uninsured services, the socioeconomic costs of obesity were 4.225 billion${\sim}2,050$ billion Won, which corresponded to about $0.094%{\sim}0.046%$ of GDP and $1.88%{\sim}0.91$ of total health care costs in Korea. Conclusions : Obesity represents a major health problem with significant economic implications for the society. This results are conservative estimates as far as all obesity related disease and all health care and indirect costs were not included due to missing information. further studies are needed to caculate socioeconomic costs of obesity more exactly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.158-163
• /
• 2008

Although prior researches have been investigated the impact of insured cost(direct cost) on employers and employees, little work has attempted to categorize the items of unsecured cost(indirect cost) by accidents. On this basis, the goal of this study was to achieve a better understanding of the nature of accident cost of unsecured cost. Specifically, this study aimed to categorize the unsecured cost items according to the domestic industry circumstances and use these results for a basis of other accident cost related studies. The results of this study are as follows: (1) accident development steps were categorized as twelve items for improved management according to each step of accident development (2) the points of occurrence and termination of the unsecured cost were identified for the improved management according to each step of accident development and (3) characteristics of each item in unsecured cost were studied and identified for a better control of accident costs. These results provide a basis for further researches on the unsecured cost.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.81 no.3
• /
• pp.241-246
• /
• 2018

Background: The "Tuberculosis Relief Belt Supporting Project (Tuberculosis Patient Management Project for Poverty Groups)" is a national program for socioeconomically vulnerable tuberculosis (TB) patients. We sought to evaluate the clinical and socioeconomic characteristics of poverty-stricken TB patients, and determined the need for relief. Methods: We examined in-patients with TB, who were supported by this project at the National Medical Center from 2014 to 2015. We retrospectively investigated the patients' socioeconomic status, clinical characteristics, and project expenditures. Results: Fifty-eight patients were enrolled. Among 55 patients with known income status, 24 (43.6%) had no income. Most patients (80%) lived alone. A total of 48 patients (82.8%) had more than one underlying disease. More than half of the enrolled patients (30 patients, 51.7%) had smear-positive TB. Cavitary disease was found in 38 patients (65.5%). Among the 38 patients with known resistance status, 19 (50%) had drug-resistant TB. In terms of disease severity, 96.6% of the cases had moderate-to-severe disease. A total of 14 patients (26.4%) died during treatment. Nursing expenses were supported for 12 patients (20.7%), with patient transportation costs reimbursed for 35 patients (60%). In terms of treatment expenses for 31 people (53.4%), 93.5% of them were supported by uninsured benefits. Conclusion: Underlying disease, infectivity, drug resistance, severity, and death occurred frequently in socioeconomically vulnerable patients with TB. Many uninsured treatment costs were not supported by the current government TB programs, and the "Tuberculosis Relief Belt Supporting Project" compensated for these limitations.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.61-73
• /
• 2017

In the Health Insurance System of South Korea, patients must pay high out-of-pocket expenditures for the medical service by uninsured medical benefits. So, the government implemented a policy to relieve the burdens of patients by lowering the uninsured selective-medical treatment costs in August, 2014. This study investigate the policy effects of selective-medical treatment(SMT) on the medical service's usage and cost with severe lung cancer patients. The patients are selected in one university hospital(with 1,000 beds), between one year before and after policy implementation. The study find that the usages of outpatient(visit number) and inpatient (length of stay) are not changed by statistically significant. It means that there are no effect in medical service behavior between before and after the policy. In medical expenses, outpatients decreased in their out-of-pocket payments by policy, but total medical expenses and insured medical benefits is not changed, because of the increased another medical insurance fees. For inpatient, although the SMT costs are statistically significant decrease, the total out-of-pocket payments and insured medical expenses are not changed statistically significant. Those findings show that the political decision making about SMT made lowing the selective-medical expenses, but total insured cost and patient's out-of pocket money were not changed by the new increased medical insurance fees. It means that the policy about SMT gave no particular benefit for patients. So, it need another benefit plans to lower the medical expenses of severe lung cancer patients with a high medical service usage and much total medical expense.