• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.398-403
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• 2013

Inflammatory conditions mediated by activated microglia lead to chronic neuro-degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. This study was conducted to determine the effect of floridoside isolated from marine red algae Laurencia undulata on LPS (100 ng/ml) activated inflammatory responses in BV-2 microglia cells. The results show that floridoside has the ability to suppress pro-inflammatory responses in microglia by markedly inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, floridoside down-regulated the protein and gene expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 by significantly blocking the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK in BV-2 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that floridoside has the potential to be developed as an active agent for the treatment of neuro-inflammation.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.208-212
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• 2005

At the survey of June, 2002, total 294 dead frees were found in 20 ha of Black pine (Pinus thunbergii) forest located in the western coastal region of Korean peninsula. The dead trees were scattered over the 27 place as groups of about ten trees each. As a result of the field survey on the relationship between the conditions of dead trees and the occurrence of fruiting bodies of Rhizina undulata around the dead and/or dying trees, from June 2002 to August 2004 in the four plots, the occurrence of infected trees was observed as a shape of an irregular concentric circle from the first infected tree and R. undulata was found mainly around the dead tree. Because there was no observation of any other insects and pathogens which would kill trees, the cause of tree death in groups was considered owing to R. undulata. From the analysis of the physical and chemical proper ties of the soil collected from the damaged areas, the pH of soil was between 4.6 and 5.8 and the contents of soil nutrients were very low. Any "fire" trace was not found at all the 27 damaged places in the area, Taean, Chungcheongnam-Do, which are generally known as an important factor to initiate development of the disease. Therefore, further examination is needed to verify precisely about other environmental factors related with the group dying of the Black pines in this area beside 'fire'.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.392-398
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• 1992

Field study on the sporogenesis periods of 16 red algae growing at the intertidal zone of Daesongri was conducted from April 1987 to March 1988, obseuing the occurence of carposporic and tetrasporic fronds. The period of Gloiopeltis furcata was in spring and summer; that of Laurencia intermedia, Laurencia undulata and Rhodymenia intricate in summer; that of Chondria dasyphylla and Hypnea charoides in autumn; that of Carpopeltis affinis, Pachymeniopsis lanceolata, Chondrus ocellatus, Awosorium polyneunm, Gymnogongrus flabelliformis, Gigartina intermedia, Champia parvula and Ceramium paniculatum in summer and autumn. Of the species, G. flabelliiformis, G. intermedia and R. intricate only matured the carposporic phase, and P. telfairiae, H charoides, C. parvula and C. paniculatum did the tetrasporic phase. But the carposporic phase of G. flabelliformis and the tetrasporic phase of C. paniculatum were not occured in Kori area where water temperature was 3 C higher than that in Daesongri. In that area they only matured the other phase. This suggests that the life history is rarely complete in nature and water temperature is a important factor influencing on the sporogenesis. Also it was observed in C. affinis, C. ocellatus and S. latiuscula that the period of one phase is much longer than that of the other phase. But in most of species with both phases, tatrasporic and caropsporic, the former phase appeared a month later than the latter phase. In addition, their biomass became maximum just before sporgenesis, and then gradually decreased with release of reproductive cells.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2018

Rotifers collected from Duung and Gyeongpo wetlands in Korea were investigated. Five species belonging to five genera in four families of monogonont rotifers were identified: Cephalodella ventripes (Dixon-Nuttall), Dicranophorus grandis (Ehrenberg), Lecane undulata Hauer, Taphrocampa selenura Gosse, and Testudinella emarginula (Stenroos). All these species are new to the Korean fauna, even though they have very wide or cosmopolitan distributions. The present study is the first report on the genus Taphrocampa Gosse from Korea. The taxonomy and distribution of each new Korean record are briefly discussed here. The diagnostic characteristics, photomicrographs and the deposition of voucher specimen are provided for each new Korean record.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to create an artificial wetland in rooftop greening. We monitored species and changes of flora in wetland and rooftop greening. As shown the consideration and possibility of supplying the artificial wetland in rooftop greening through flora in wetland, this study tried to find methods to create a efficient flora space. This results are listed as belows. The species were applied to artificial wetland in rooftop greening and come up to 'General standard for selecting plants' among hydrophyte in wetlands. The plants of Potentilla kleiniana, Penthorum chinense, Scirpus radicans, Scirpus triqueter, Veronica undulata, Mentha arvensis var. piperascens, Salvia plebeian, Sagittaria aginashi, Aneilema keisak, Stachys riederi, Alisma canaliculatum, Eclipta prostrata, Sparganium stoloniferum turned out an appropriate species. This research was expected to create a various environment and component of species by introducing many types of plants in ecological wetland on rooftop greening.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mecoprop-wp concentrations on weed control, growth characters and yield in flax, after 7cm and 14cm of plant height it to the field. The major weeds were Alopecurus aequalis var. a murensis (kom) ohwi, Persicaria hydropiper spach, Lamium amplexicaule L, Stellaria alsine Grimm var. undulata ohwi, Eleusine indica(L.) Gaertn. Flax yield were increased somewhat more with 250g/10a mecoprop-wp at 7cm of plant height than the other treatment and by hand weeding treatment of mecoprop-wp, 250g/10a at 7cm of plant height was slightly harmful for the flax with recommended concentration, On the other hand, all treatments were harmful in the double dosage level.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.395-410
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• 2014

The genus Callophyllis is recorded as six separate species with imprecise species delimitation in Korea. To elucidate the species boundaries of Korean Callophyllis, we performed morphological observations and molecular analyses, and included three Japanese Callophyllis species from the type locality. From the results of molecular analyses using plastid rbcL and mitochondrial COI-5P genes, we confirmed ten Callophyllis species, including five cryptic ones: C. adhaerens, C. adnata, C. crispata, and C. japonica from Korea and Japan; C. hayamensis as an unrecorded species from Korea; C. cartilaginea, C. mollitia, C. repens, C. serratifolia, and C. undulata as new species from Korea. There were no Korean specimens that matched C. adnata or C. crispata from Japan, except Korean C. japonica, which formed a genetic group with the Japanese species. We obtained the interspecific divergences among the five cryptic species as 0.6-4.5% in rbcL and 2.8-8.4% in COI-5P. We recognized that the species diversity of Callophyllis has been underestimated from the northwestern Pacific region. The species boundary of Callophyllis from Korea and Japan will be a cornerstone to revealing the phylogenetic affinity of the genus distributed in both hemispheres of the western Pacific.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.345-351
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• 1997

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the inhibition of $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase, cyclicAMP phophodiesterase and platelet activation by secondary metabolites isolated from mar ine organisms. The secondary metabolites were isolated and identified as six diterpenoids(1 : astrogorgin, 2 : ophirin, 3 : calicophirin B, 4, 5 and 6 : cladiellin) from the dichloromethane extract of Muricellajsp., four ceramides(1,2,3, and 4) from Acabaria undulata and three antharaquinones(1,2 : crysophanol, and 3 : physcion) from Urechis unicintus. The results demonstrated that diterpenoids(2,3, and 4) showed the inhibition of cyclicAMP phosphodiesterase, and ceramides(1,3, and 4) showed the inhibition of cyclicAMP phosphodiesterase and thrombin(0.1 units/ml)-induced aggregation of washed rabbit platelet, and anthrapuinones((1,2, and 3) showed the inhibition of $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase. Among the anthraquionones, 1,2-dimethoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone(1) showed the inhibition of collagen(1.0 ${\mu}g$/ml)-induced aggregation in a concenration-dependent manner with IC50 value of 42.8 ${\mu}g$M.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.282-283
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• 2006

가막만 연안 일대의 저서동물을 파악하기 위하여 2004년 9월, 11월, 2005년 4월, 7월까지 총 12개 정점을 조사하였다. 조사결과 총 53종 2,740개체의 저서동물이 채집되었으며, 이 가운데 연체동물이 44종 82%를 차지하였다. 저서동물의 평균밀도는 228.3개체/$m^2$ 였으며, 연체동물은 밀도 155.2 개체/$m^2$로 전체의 68%를 나타냈다. 채집된 시료 중 우점한 종으로는 민띠접시조개(Moerella rutila) 25.6ind./$m^2$, 좁쌀무의고둥(Niotha livescens) 17.7 ind./$m^2$, 종밋(Musculus senhausia) 14 ind./$m^2$, 농조개(Paphia undulata) 9.9 ind./$m^2$ 로 높게 출현하였다. 종다양도 (H')는 0-2.18 범위로서 7월 정점 11에서 가장 높았으며, 11월 정점3, 7월 정점6 에서 가장 낮았다.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.547-553
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• 1997

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the inhibition on $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase, cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and platelet activation by marine sterols isolated from octocorals. Three marine polyhydroxysterols, 7${\alpha},\;8{\alpha}-epoxy-3b{\beta},\;5{\alpha},\;6{\alpha}-trihydroxycholestane (1),\;24-methyl-7{\alpha},\;8{\alpha}-epoxy-3{\beta},\;5{\alpha},\;6{\alpha}-trihydroxycholest-22-ene (2),\;and\;7{\alpha},\;8{\alpha}-epoxy-3{\beta},\;5{\alpha},\;6{\alpha}-trihydroxycholest-22-ene (3)$, were isolated from the Gorgonian Acabaria undulata. Five marine sterols(compound 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) were isolated from the soft coral Alcyonium gracillimum. Three marine polyhydroxysterols (1, 2, 3) and pregna-1. 20-diene-3-one (8) exhibit a potent inhibitory effect on rabbit platelet aggregation induced by collagen and thrombin. Those polyhydroxysterols also exhibit a potent inhibitory effect on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Compound 6 with an unusual cyclic enolether exhibit a inhibitory effect on $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase.