• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2014

'한아름' 배는 기본적인 품종 특성이 중소과 범주에 포함되는 품종으로 재배기술의 큰 변화 없이도 고품질의 중소과 생산이 가능할 것으로 예상되는 품종이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 '한아름' 품종을 대상으로 중소과로의 활용 가능성을 알아보고, GA 처리와 비교하여 고품질의 중소과 생산이 가능한 최저 과중 기준 설정하고자 하였다. 과실 품질인자간 상관분석 결과, 무처리구와 GA 처리구에서 공통적으로 과중과 당도, 과중과 경도가 높은 상관관계가 있어 각 처리구의 당도와 경도의 관찰을 통한 과중의 예상이 가능하였다. 또한, 당도와 경도는 소비자 선호도를 예측하는데 유용한 지표로 확인되었으며, 당도가 $11.6^{\circ}Bx$ 이상, 경도가 25.6N 이하의 과실이 상품성이 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 관능평가를 통해 도출된 품질 기준을 각각 과중과의 회귀분석 결과에 적용한 결과, 무처리구는 과중 436g 이상의 과실이 당도와 경도의 품질 기준을 충족하였으며, 품질 균일도 또한 높아 436g 이상의 과실을 수확하면 고품질의 중소과 생산이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. GA 처리구에서 당도와 경도의 품질 기준을 모두 충족시키는 최소 과중은 620g으로, 중소과 범위에서는 품질이 낮고 불균일하여 고품질의 중소과 생산을 목적으로 재배할 경우, GA 처리는 지양해야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1267-1271
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• 2005

To investigate the effect of the frequently used anti-obese medicine GyeongshinhaeGihwan 1 (GGT1), in food intake, body weight and food efficiency ratio for high fat diet induced obese male rats. Also, to value the diffences between GyeogshinhaeGihwan 1 and FDA approved Sibutramine in anti-obesity effect. High fat diet induced obese male rats were classified into four groups - positive control group, negative control group, GyeongshinhaeGihwan 1 group and Sibutramine group - and their food intake and body weight were observed for eight weeks. Anti-obesity effect was estimated with food efficiency ratio which is calculated by weight inclose divided by food intake. The result shown in Fig. 2 suggests that the GyeongshinhaeGihwan 1 group is more effective on food intake control than the Sibutramine group. Average weight variation shows an increase in both positive/negative control group and medication group. Also, the result in Fig. 3 indicates that average food efficiency ratio decreases contrary to the average weight variation. In addition, repeatedly estimated variance analysis on average food efficiency ratio of the GyeonushinhaeGihwan 1 group shows (1) the result corollary to the time of observation of food efficiency ratio was effective under 0.05 variance (P-value 0.000). The differences between each groups were not shown under 0.05 variance. Compared to the control group, medication groups were visually more effective on food intake control. Although both groups had a tendency of weight increasing, food efficiency ratio considering food intake and weight variation rate showed a decrease. Especially, the medication group variated less than the control group corollary to the point of time, proving the individuals react less sensitive to the medicine. Moreover, there were no differences in the anti-obesity effect between GyeongshinhaeGihwan 1 group and Sibutramine group studied by repeatedly estimating variance analysis(P-value: 0.610). When considering Sibutramine as an anti-obesity medicine approved by FDA, the point of being classifed in the same group proves the effect of GyeongshinhaeGihwan 1 as an anti-obesity medicine.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.81-98
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to fine out the general physical status of the neonates, and to identify the risk factors of the mothers and the neonates which were significantly related to the neonatal diseases during hospitalization. The data were obtained from clinical records of 1098 neonates born in Seoul Red cross Hospital between January 1st of 1984 and December 31th of 1986. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. General characteristics of the maternal group. 1) The average of maternal age was 26.6 years, the $91.7\%$ of the mothers de liveried at the age of 20-34 years old. 2) The distribution of the types of delivey were as follows : spontaneous delivery $39.9\%$, cesarean section $32.4\%$, vaccum extraction $25.7\%$, and breech delivery$2.0\%$. 3) The $40.3\%$ of the total de liveried mother had experienced abortion. 4) The $42.3\%$ of the total deliveried mother had one or more obstetric risk factors. 2. General characteristics of the neonatal group. 1) In the distribution of sex, male was $49.4\%$, female $50.6\%$. 2) The average of birth weights was 3,020gm. The distribution of birth weight were as follows; nomal weight $85.5\%$, low birth weight $12.7\%$ and high birth weight $2.5\%$. 3) The average of gestational age was 39.2 weeks. The distribution of gestational age were as follows; full term $77.4\%$, preterm $13.7\%$, and postterm $8.9\%$. 4) The average of Apgar Score was 9.0 at one minute and 9.6 at five minutes. 5) The $5.7\%$ of the neonates had one or more neonatal risk symptoms and signs at birth. 3. Apgar Score by the maternal and neonatal factors. In Apgar Score at one minute, normal group was higher than that of abnormal group. Apgar Score at five minutes was slightly higher than that at one minute. 4. The distribution of the maternal risk factors and the neonatal risk factors. 1) The total numbers of the maternal risk factors were 1376. The distribution of the maternal risk factors were as follows: obstetric factor $33.7\%$, abortion $32.2\%$, breech and cesarean section delivery $27.5\%$ and maternal age under 19 years and over 35 years $6.6\%$. 2) The total numbers of the neonatal risk factors were 517. The distribution of the neonatal risk factors were as follows: gestational age under 37 weeks and over 42 weeks $48.0\%$, birth weight under 2500gm and over 4000gm $12.2\%$, Apgar score under 4 at one munute $6.4\%$ and Apgar score at five munutes $2.7\%$. 3) The total numbers of the obstetric risk factors were 661. The types of the obstetric risk factors were meconium stained amniotic fluid $22.0\%$, premature rupture of membrane $17.5\%$. absence prenatal care $14.1\%$, unmarried pregnancy $10.3\%$, placenta problem $9.0\%$, toxemia $8.0\%$. 4) The total numbers of the neonatal risk symptoms and signs at birth were 83. The types of the neonatal risk symptoms and signs were respiratory distress $65.1\%$, neonatal apnea $14.4\%$, convulsion $13.3%$, meconium aspiration syndrome $4.8\%$, cyanosis $2.4\%$. 5. The relationship between the maternal risk factors and the neonatal risk factors. 1) Maternal age under 19 years or over 35 years was significantly related to Apgar Score under 4 at 5 minutes. 2) Breech delivery or cesarean section was significantly related to neonatal risk factor at birth such as birth weight, gestational age, Apgar Score at one minute and at five minutes. and neonatal risk symptoms and signs. 3) Obstetric risk factors were significantly related to the neonatal risk factors at birth. 4) Abortion was not related to the neonatal risk factors. 6. The relationship between neonatal diseases during hosptalization and the maternal or the neonatal risk factors. 1) The total numbers of neonatal diseases during hospitalization were 281. The distribution of neonatal diseases were as follows: birth trauma $38.1\%$, infectious disease $31.3\%$, hematologic disease $21.4\%$, respiratory disease $6.0\%$, neurologic disease $2.5\%$. cardiovascular disease $0.7\%$. 3) Most maternal risk factors except abortion were significantly related to neonatal diseases. 4) Most neonatal risk factors at birth were significantly related to neonatal diseases.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2010

작물의 묘소질은 정식 후 본포에서의 생육이나 수량, 품질에 영향을 미치기 때문에 작물 재배에서 있어서 육묘는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 차광을 이용한 다양한 광 수준이 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 생육에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 차광에 의해 변화된 초장, 건물중, 경경 등의 건묘를 나타내는 중요 생육지표간의 상관관계를 분석하여 그동안 사용된 건묘를 판단하는 지표에 대해 검토하기 위해 수행하였다. 차광은 PE 비닐을 이용하여 하루 중 누적광량을 25, 50, 75%를 감소시켰다. 50% 이상 차광할 경우 누적광량에 비하여 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 엽면적이 크게 증가하였고 엽면적 지수가 빠르게 증가하였다. 건물중은 차광수준에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 누적광량에 따른 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 생육은 무차광에 비하여 차광처리에서 빠르게 증가하였다. 토마토묘와 수박 접목묘의 경경은 차광 처리간의 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 토마토묘의 경우 단순히 초장과 건물중과의 상관관계가 높았지만 수박 접목묘의 경경은 초장과 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 토마토묘의 경경은 묘소질을 판단하기에는 부적절하지만 수박 접목묘의 경우 초장과 함께 경경은 묘소질 판단하는데 이용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 1989

사초용유채의 품종선별선급실험과 유채용유채와 사초용유채품종들 간에 있어서 생산성과 영양가치를 비교한 실험에서 사초용유채 도인품종중 우리나라 남부지역의 특성에 적합한 품종으로 Velox가 사초생산성 및 영양가치면에서 가장 유망하다고 생각되었다. 따라서 Velox를 공시하여 고립적배와 실행群落培 사이에 생산성과 영양가치에 있어서 어떤 차이가 있는가를 비교하였으며 또한 생육과정중의 영양가치의 변화를 조사하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수당 생산성에 있어서 생체중과 건물중의 개체간 변이가 매우 컸으나 고립적배가 군락적배보다 1%수준의 유의차로 우수하였다. 孤립적배에 있어서 생체중과 건물중의 구성은 분지에 크게 의존되었으며 군락적배에 있어서는 분치와 주경이 비슷한 영향을 주었다. 건물율은 고리적배와 군락적배사이에 큰 차이가 없었으며 부위별로는 주경이 가장 높았다. 2. 粗蛋白質含量은 生育期間이 經過됨에 따라 점차 저하되었으며, 播種後 90일부터 120일까지에는 孤立적배가 群落적배보다 높은 반면 180일以後 개화기까지는 군락적배가 고립적배보다 높았다. NDF, ADF, cellulose 및 lignin등의 鐵維含量은 生育초기에는 낮은 水준이었으며 생育期間이 經過됨에 따라 점차 높아지면서 생育後期에는 孤立적배가 군락적배보다 높게 變化되었다. 3. In vitro 乾物소화率은 줄기나 잎 모두 生育기간이 경과됨에 따라 점차 저하되었으며, 줄기는 군락적배가 고립적배보다 높았으나 잎은 고립적배와 군락적배간에 유의차가 인정되지 않았다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2010

The objective of this research was to analyze nutritional status and food consumption of children participating in the Posyandu nutrition program. A total sample of 300 children under five years had been drawn. Sample was divided into two categories namely high participation and low participation in the Posyandu nutrition program. The sample was selected from two sub districts of Cianjur District, West Java. The districts were areas with a high proportion of poor people and many of them take the benefits of Posyandu nutrition program conducted by the government. The participation of children (under five years old) in visiting Posyandus was relatively good, namely, 92.4% (for the high participation group). However, for the low participation group, the number of participating children was relatively low (28.3%). The average consumption of energy for children under five years old was still below the recommended dietary allowance < 80% of RDA, whereas the protein consumption was already above the RDA. The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting among children were respectively 30.0%, 43.7%, and 12.3%. The activities at Posyandus had a positive impact on the nutritional status of children under five years olds, measured in terms of weight for age (W/A) and weight for height (W/H). The more frequent the visit to Posyandus, the better the nutritional statuses would be.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2000

본 시험은 지하부 수량성 증대를 위한 천궁(川芎)의 체계적이고 종합적인 재배법을 확립하고, 지하부의 수량증대와 생산성 증대를 도모하고자 시험을 수행한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 토천궁(土川芎)의 근수량은 짚, 백색비닐, 흑색비닐 피복구 순으로 생체중 및 건물중이 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 차광처리에 따른 토천궁의 지하부 생육특성에서는 백색차광에서 개체당 근경중, 세근중이 가장 높게 나타났다. 일천궁(日川芎) (Cnidium officinale)의 피복처리에 따른 지하부의 건물중은 무처리구에서 20.4 g 으로 가장 낮았고, 흑색비닐 피복구가 27.7 g으로 가장 높았다. 일천궁(日川芎)의 차광처리에 따른 지하부의 건물중은 백색차광 처리구에서 21.1 g으로 가장 높았고, 흑색비닐 처리구에는 16.3 g으로 가장 낮았다. 근경의 직경은 백색차광 처리구 (26. 1mm)가, 근장은 흑색차광 처리 구 (71. 9 mm)가 가장 높았다. 일천궁(日川芎)에 있어서 흑색비닐 피복은 무처리에 비해 36%의 건물중 증가를 가져 왔다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.584-589
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• 2014

Jeffersonia dubia is a spring-flowering perennial found in rich forests in Korea and Northern China and has potential as an ornamental or medicinal plant. However, illegal picking and land use change have decreased the number of populations and overall population size of this plant in its natural habitat. Although J. dubia has been reported to be a shade-preferring plant, no study has determined the optimum light intensity for its growth. The objectives of this work were to observe the effects of various shading levels on the physiological responses of J. dubia and to determine the proper shading level for cultivation. Treatments consisted of four shading levels (0%, 50%, 75%, and 95% shade) imposed using black mesh cloth. The number of leaves and dry weight increased with decreased shading. The shoot-to-root ratio increased with increased shading, mainly due to decreased root dry weight under shading. Plants showed low net $CO_2$ assimilation rates and $F_v/F_m$ values combined with low dry matter levels when grown under 0% shade (full sunlight). These results indicate that J. dubia plants experience excessive irradiance without shading, resulting in damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. By contrast, the net photosynthesis rate increased as the shading level increased. $F_v/F_m$, the potential efficiency of PSII, was 0.8 under 95% shade, indicating that J. dubia is well-adapted under heavy shading. However, the low dry matter of plants in the 95% shade treatment indicated that the low light intensity under 95% shade led to a decline in plant growth. Thus, moderate light (50% shading) is recommended for cultivating J. dubia without physiological defects.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.154-157
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• 2015

신선편이용 절단배추의 선도유지 및 갈변 방지 목적으로 질소 치환 및 세라믹 칼날에 의한 절단 효과를 조사하였다. 저장 5일 이후부터 대조구에 비하여 NC 처리구의 중량변화와 갈변도가 적게 나타났다. 질소 치환과 세라믹 칼날의 사용에 의한 절단 공정의 개선이 절단채소의 선도 유지와 갈변 방지에 효과가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.35-57
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• 2022

This article presents a computationally efficient framework for multi-objective seismic design optimization of steel moment-resisting frame (MRF) structures based on the nonlinear dynamic analysis procedure. This framework employs the uniform damage distribution philosophy to minimize the weight (initial cost) of the structure at different levels of damage. The preliminary framework was recently proposed by the authors based on the single excitation and the nonlinear static (pushover) analysis procedure, in which the effects of record-to-record variability as well as higher-order vibration modes were neglected. The present study investigates the reliability of the previous framework by extending the proposed algorithm using the nonlinear dynamic design procedure (optimization under multiple ground motions). Three benchmark structures, including 4-, 8-, and 12-story steel MRFs, representing the behavior of low-, mid-, and high-rise buildings, are utilized to evaluate the proposed framework. The total weight of the structure and the maximum inter-story drift ratio (IDRmax) resulting from the average response of the structure to a set of seven ground motion records are considered as two conflicting objectives for the optimization problem and are simultaneously minimized. The results of this study indicate that the optimization under several ground motions leads to almost similar outcomes in terms of optimization objectives to those are obtained from optimization under pushover analysis. However, investigation of optimal designs under a suite of 22 earthquake records reveals that the damage distribution in buildings designed by the nonlinear dynamic-based procedure is closer to the uniform distribution (desired target during the optimization process) compared to those designed according to the pushover procedure.