• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2012

Caffe Bene, one of the most notable coffeehouse chain brands in Republic of Korea, gives us some thought-provoking issues in terms of sustainable success. Despite harsh competition among various coffeehouse brands, Caffe Bene has been accomplished astonishing outcomes in domestic market and now ranked 2^nd place in sales among the global coffeehouse franchise in 2010 and 2011. These achievements were possible mainly because Caffe Bene adopted distinctive shop design, maintained aggressive marketing strategy, developed new menu, and combined the unique Korean culture with ordinary concept of café to make its place attractive. However, since Korean coffeehouse market is getting saturated and consumers are becoming savvy about coffee, Caffe Bene needs to find a new solution to overcome growth stagnation. Besides, many experts pointed out that irrational increase in the number of stores might hurt its business in the aspect of managing distribution channel and providing consistent services. Also, customers of Caffe Bene have shown that it has to complement its critical weaknesses: inferior coffee taste and relatively high price for a cup of coffee. Especially, some people view that the company is shifting its high rental fee, interior cost and PPL marketing cost to consumers by charging high price for coffee. To get over the problems, Caffe Bene is currently using C/S Consumer Management System though experts are questioning about the efficacy because of the conflict between purpose of the system and the headquarters' plan. Present CEO Kim also announced that the company will complete its logistics system in the latter half of 2012 to provide stores with more high quality coffee beans to improve taste of coffee. Thus, in this case, we describe how Caffe Bene succeeded in Korean market and enumerate its key success factors. Also, we specify the long-term goals of Caffe Bene and introduce the current policies and strategies to show how the company is working on to achieve its ultimate goal. By reading and analyzing this business case, students could get useful insights regarding franchise management and think about issues on competing in a saturated market. Also, it would be worthwhile to generate creative solutions for the problems that Caffe Bene is now facing to broaden the practical perspective.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권5호
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• pp.1017-1030
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• 2023

증상이 있는 양성 갑상선결절의 비수술적 치료법인 고주파 절제술은 결절 조직을 열로 소작하여 부피를 감소시키고, 이로 인해 증상의 완화와 외견상 문제를 해결한다. 고주파절제술의 적응증은 2회 이상 세포/조직검사로 양성이 확인된 결절에서 의학적 치료가 필요한 주관적 또는 외견상의 임상증상이 있는 경우이다. 고주파 절제술은 1년의 단기 추적에서 매우 양호한 성적을 보이지만 3년 이상의 장기 추적에서는 20%-30% 결절의 재성장이 발생한다. 따라서 장기 추적을 전제로 하는 고주파절제술 후 환자 관리에서는 재성장을 관리하는 것이 핵심이다. 재성장은 치료 전 결절부피가 큰 경우, 혈관성이 높거나 증가하는 경우 잘 발생하며, 최근에는 수분 박리(hydrodissection), 동맥우선소작법, 정맥소작법등 새로운 기술들이 도입되어 재성장을 억제하고 있다. 또한 적절한 기준을 적용하여 재치료를 하는 것이 재성장을 관리하고 치료 효과를 오래 지속시키는데 중요하다. 고주파 절제술은 근본적으로 수술의 대안이므로 일시적 효과를 거두는 것이 아니라 영구적으로 수술을 회피하도록 하는 것이 궁극적인 목표이다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2002

Ultimate objective of industrial hygiene is the prevention of health impairment that may result from exposure to chemicals at workplace. Workers in solvent thinner-using occupation environment may be highly exposed to VOCs (volatile organic compounds) because solvent thinner has been used extensively such as painting, spraying, degreasing, coating and so on in Korea. The purpose of this study was to recognize, evaluate, and propose the control methods of VOCs from solvent thinner-using workplace. Five target volatile organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene) were monitored in H company of Shiwa Industrial Complex and analyzed in perosnal, occupational indoor and outdoor during working hours simultaneously. Engineering control such as local ventilation should be made in considering the long-term exposure, though measured VOCs concentration did not exceed the workplace exposure standards. In addition, air cleaning device should be installed in local ventilation because Shiwa Industrial Complex has had the serious ambient air pollution. Currently, environmental purification using $TiO_2$ photocatalyst have attracted a great deal of attention with increasing number of recent environmental problems. In this study, $TiO_2$ sol coated on the ceramic bead was prepared by sol-gel method and the photodegradation of target compounds was investigated in gas phase by the exposure to UV-A lamp(365nm) in a batch system.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

This paper focuses on the effect of creep on the critical compressive strain (CCS) of concrete. The strain of concrete corresponding to the peak compressive stress is crucial in the selection of the ultimate yield strength of the reinforcing bar used in reinforced concrete columns. Among the various influencing factors, such as the creep, shrinkage, loading rate and confinement, the effect of creep and shrinkage is the most significant. So far, investigations into how these factors can affect the CCS of concrete have been rare. Therefore, to investigate the effect of creep and shrinkage on CCS, an experimental (part I) and a parametric study (part II) were conducted, as presented in these papers (part I considers creep effect, part II considers effect of creep and shrinkage). In part I, experiments pertaining to the loading age, loading rate, loading duration and loading and creep levels were conducted to study the effect of these variables on the CCS of concrete. It was found that the effects of the loading rate, loading age, and level and duration on the CCS of concrete were negligible. However, it is very important to consider the effect of creep.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.94-102
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• 1998

This paper aims at developing the prediction technique of the deformation for the embankment such as sea dike and shore protection relevant to reclamation project along the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula. Generally total deformation of a sea dike over clayey foundation are composed of immediate settlement, plastic deformation and consolidation settlement. Plastic deformation occurs when the ultimate bearing capacity is less than overburden pressure containing the stress increment due to the construction of an embankment. The reliable prediction of total settlement is very important since deformed final geometry of sea dike is directly connected for analysing the safety of the long-term slope failure and piping. During this study, plastic deformation, major part of deformation was analysed using the program developed by authors, whereas immediate settlement and consolidation settlement were predicted by Mochinaka and Sena's method and Terzaghi's 1-dimensional theory of consolidation respectively. In order to validate the prediction technique for the deformation, a case study of Koheung Bay reclamation works was carried out. A good agreement was obtained between observation and prediction, which means the applicability of the technique.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2020

Purpose: The ultimate purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of direct service experience on brand equity components and continuance intention by focusing on cultural marketing at airport, as a huge market place. Design/methodology: This study examines how the cultural contact experience of an airport's cultural marketing activities affect the brand equity components, as well as how these factors affect the continuance intention. A questionnaire survey is conducted for airport users and a total of 313 copies of the questionnaire are analyzed using a structural equation. Results: The results demonstrate that cultural contact service has a positive effect on brand awareness, brand meaning, and perceived value, and all factors of brand equity components have a positive effect on continuance intention. In addition, MTE also has a significant effect on continuance intention. Conclusions/implications: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the cultural contact and brand attachment of tourists experiencing airport cultural marketing services on the composition factors of airport brand equity. The results of this study can be used not only as basic data to help establish a cultural marketing strategy at an airport, but also as to aid establishing and implementing a long-term marketing strategy for the sustainable growth of an airport.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2010

Nathaniel Hawthorne seems to realize the reader's role in bringing his creation of fiction to completion. Almost all of Hawthorne's prefaces may be considered in terms of their contribution to the writer's narrative strategy. When he refers to the audience in the prefatory essay, "The Custom-House" and other prefaces to his major works as "the Reader," Hawthorne is establishing a mutual complicity that will continue throughout the following narratives. According to this rhetorical alliance, the writer's obligation is to get the story into the reader's imagination by any means possible, while the reader's share is to believe the story as much as possible while it is being told. The ultimate issue is thus not whether any event actually happened as Hawthorne reports it but whether readers are willing to grant the event credence while they are reading. Hawthorne's relationship with his audience is not congenial. In his prefaces, Hawthorne sometimes reveals a narrator who evades a fixed identity. The introduction of an unreliable narrator helps illuminate the unresolved, elusive ambiguity in Hawthorne's stories. Hawthorne seeks to make his narrative ambiguous frequently utilizing the very same indeterminacy so often cherished by poststructuralists. No critical term may be more firmly associated with the works of Hawthorne than ambiguity. Looking for new readers with more fresh eyes, Hawthorne's narratives always remain open to reinterpretation. After all, Hawthorne's prefaces (sometimes including unreliable narrators) help him become one of the most frustrating and fascinating novelists.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2012

Dental implants using titanium have greatly advanced through the improvement of designs and surface treatments. Nonetheless, the anatomical limits and physiological changes of the patient are still regarded as obstacles in increasing the success rate of implants further, even with the enhancement of implant products. So there have been many efforts to overcome these limits. The intrinsic potential for bone regeneration can be stimulated through adjuvant treatments with the continuous improvement of implant properties, and this can play an important role in achieving optimum osseointegration toward peripheral bone tissue and securing ultimate long-term implant stability in standard surgical procedures. For this purpose, various chemical, biological, or biophysical measures were developed such as bone grafts, materials, pharmacological agents, growth factors, and bone formation proteins. The biophysical stimulation of bone union includes non-invasive and safe methods. In the beginning, it was developed as a method to enhance the healing of fractures, but later evolved into Pulsed Electromagnetic Field, Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound, and Low-Level Laser Therapy. Their beneficial effects were confirmed in many studies. This study sought to examine bone-implant union and its latest trend as well as the biophysical stimulation method to enhance the union. In particular, this study suggested the enhancement of the function of cells and tissues under a disadvantageous bone metabolism environment through such adjunctive stimulation. This study is expected to serve as a treatment guideline for implant-bone union under unfavorable circumstances caused by systemic diseases hampering bone metabolism or the host environment.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2015

In general universal service in telecommunications means a regulatory tool to secure the availability of basic communication services like fixed telephony at an affordable price throughout a country. A re-evaluation of the scope of existing universal service, however, is becoming a core issue as the penetration and usage of broadband and mobile communications matures and a new ICT ecosystem emerges. This study examined whether the universal service polices in Korea need adapting and updating to include broadband and mobile telephony in the universal service, which is based on the necessary and sufficient conditions derived from previous research and foreign countries' experiences : geographical ubiquity of a certain service and the market's ability to provide the service. The result shows the nationwide ubiquity of broadband and mobile communications exists but the ultimate goal pursued by universal service polices trying to make them available and affordable for all is being fulfilled by market dynamics in Korea. Thus, the inclusion of both services in the scope of universal service is regarded as an unnecessary regulation at present time and the expansion of universal service could be addressed as a long-term issue depending on market conditions in the future.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 1999

일반적으로 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 박스거더교량의 설계에서는 단순화된 단면에 대하여 탄성이론에 근거하여 설계를 수행하고 있다. 이러한 단순화에 따른 제약조건을 개선하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 변단면의 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 박스거더교량을 해석하기 위한 매크로요소를 사용하였다. 해석프로그램에서 재료 비선형모델을 사용하여 극한하중 해석이 가능하도록 하였다. 또한, 교량의 장기거동을 예측하기 위해서 재료의 시간의존적 해석모델을 프로그램에 적용하여 교량의 장기 거동해석을 수행할 수 있게 하였다. 따라서, 재료비선형 모델과 시간의존 해석을 포함하는 비선형 매크로요소는 임의의 형상을 가진 프리스트레스트 박스거더 교량의 실제적인 거동해석에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.