• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.370-373
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• 2004

The rapid proliferation of mobile device such as PDA allows users more ubiquitous access to multimedia information. The user mobility provides users a uniform vision of their preferred working environment independently of their current points of attachment. Supporting the user mobility requires the Player capable of efficiently presenting the multimedia contents. MPEC-4 provides not only the description for coding audio and video (as its predecessors MPEG-1 and MPEG-2), but also for coding images, animations, interactivity and protecting content. With MPEG-4, we present interactive media using multiple objects - audio, video, image, 2D geometry, and text - in a single format. Therefore we propose the MPEC-4 Player for PDA. The proposed MPEG-4 Player for PDA supports mobility, portability and personality.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.4 s.29
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• pp.557-575
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• 2005

Much research in core technologies has been done to make it possible the ubiquitous video services over various kinds of user information terminals anytime anywhere in the way the users want to consume. In this paper, we design plototypesystem architecture for the ubiquitous TV program content consumption based on user preference via various kinds of intelligent information terminals in digital home environment, and present an implementation and testing results for the prototype system. For the system design, we utilize the TV Anytime specification fur the consumption of TV program contents based on user preference in TV programs, and also use the MPEG-21 DIA (Digital Item Adaptation) tools which are the representation schema formats in order to describe the context information for user environments, user terminal characteristics, user characteristics for universal access and consumption of the preferred TV program contents. The proposed ubiquitous content mobility prototype system is designed to make it possible to seamlessly consume contents by a single user or multiple users via various kinds of user terminals for the TV program contents they watch together. The proposed ubiquitous content mobility prototype system in digital home environment consists of a home server, a display TV terminal, and an intelligent information terminal. We use 42 TV programs contents in eight different genres from four different TV channels in order to test our prototype system.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.218-228
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• 2008

The convergence of broadcasting and telecommunication services is being accelerated by broadband networks, digital broadcasting and Web2.0. This paper describes the definition and service characteristics of IPTV as a representative of broadcasting and telecommunication convergence services. Especially, the changes of infrastructure and technology for IPTV2.0 are addressed in terms of the service features of mobility, intelligence and participation. IPTV2.0 shall be characterized by the open IPTV service based on Web2.0 and the mobile IPTV service over the heterogeneous networks employing various wireless/wired access technologies. The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and Service Delivery Platform (SDP) technologies are increasingly considered to support the personalization and openness. The mobility management technology is being evolved to provide QoS-guaranteed mobile communication services to users at anytime and anywhere. IPTV2.0 services and platforms are also anticipated to be core components to achieve knowledge-based ubiquitous society. IPTV2.0 contents are required to be integrated with the enhanced metadata to efficiently support search, selection, convergence and delivery of the contents. Moreover, those contents shall be enhanced to provide the scalable services which is adaptable to the network status and user preferences. Therefore, the networking technologies for IPTV2.0 should tightly cooperate with application services and adaptive contents. Those technologies will be developed to construct the ubiquitous content service platform considering the evolution of networks and various converged services.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.156-167
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• 2009

Computing environment is evolving rapidly to ubiquitous environment. It thus makes people access and utilize any resource on the move and makes location of objects rise to the rank of the most important information. However provision of location information is too restrictive in small environments such as a home or building. In this paper we propose a home entertainment system which supports user mobility based on sensor networks and distributed devices. The proposed system estimates a user location by using signal strength received from Bluetooth ad-hoc networks. This estimated location information can tell which device a user can take advantage of while moving. In order to prove possibility of user mobility support, the system is implemented on our UPnP A/V framework home entertainment system to provide content streaming and the result shows that a provision of service for mobile users could be possible in small ubiquitous computing environments.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.6 no.1 s.12
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• pp.58-71
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• 2007

The disabled and elderly people have a wide variety of functional impairments. By disability and elderly user group definition, identification of users needs and specification of content requirements were studied. Existing technologies including location, navigation and information exchange devise and communication systems were analyzed to design proper integrated system for indoor and outdoor uses. There are two types of services considered in the project: assisted living services(ALS) including health and emergency needs and assisted mobility services(AMS) with transportation needs. To develop each content, content identification and requirements was studied through interviews and expert consultations. System requirements and specification using usecase technique for disabled and elderly people are discussed.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-184
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• 2010

The advancement of ubiquitous networks facilitates and increases access to the Internet via mobile devices, which offers the advantages of enhanced mobility and accessibility. While Mobile Internet is largely free of temporal and spatial restrictions, producing content for mobile websites is a challenging work due to the existence of multiple device types and markup languages. This paper proposes a technique that makes use of image maps to improve the visual consistency of mobile web content displayed on a variety of mobile devices. The proposed image map method captures several objects comprising the webpage into a single image, and provides the image in Mobile Web services. Mobile devices employing the proposed method can reorganize webpages with multiple objects more easily and obtain the visually identical content on their screen.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.1325-1330
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• 2006

유비쿼터스 켬퓨팅 환경에서는 디지털 멀티미디어 컨텐츠를 사용자가 언제 어디서나 컨텐츠를 소비할 수 있도록 다양한 환경에 맞게 능동적으로 적응변환 시켜주는 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경이 가능하도록 구성된 가정에서 여러 종류의 디스플레이에 색각인 사용자에게 필요한 서비스와 정보를 제공해 주는 시스템을 제안한다. 단순히 세션 정보를 이용하여서 다양한 위치의 디스플레이에 정보를 제공해주는 기능에 '사용자의 취향과 색각 유무에 따라 변형되어진 정보' 를 제공해주게 되는 시스템을 설계하였다. 제안한 시스템은 크게 사람의 위치 정보를 인지하는 센서 입력부, LCD 모니터나 TV 브라운관과 같이 영상 정보를 출력해 줄 수 있는 출력부, 사용자에 대한 세션 정보 관리와 스트리밍 서비스를 제공해주는 서버 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 사용자의 위치에 대한 정보는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경으로 구성된 테스트 베드 내부 센서를 통해 각 디스플레이의 해당 서비스 지역에 사용자가 들어가게 되면 사용자를 인지하도록 하였다. 제공되는 영상은 인지된 사용자 정보를 통해, 색각자인 경우, 색각자를 위해서 변환 되어진 영상을 사용하며, 또한 미리 설정되어진 사용자의 취향에 관련되어진 장르로 구성되어진 메뉴를 통해서 제공된다. 제안한 시스템은 가정에서 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅이 가능하도록 한 구성한 Active Home상에 구현하였다. Active Home에서는 서버에서부터 실시간으로 사용자의 위치 정보를 제공 받으며, 사용자의 색각 유무에 따라 색각자를 위해 변환된 영상 또는 원본 영상을 보여준다. Active Home에서의 실험을 통해, 제안한 시스템은 유비쿼터스 컴퓨터 환경에서 사용자의 취향에 따라 자연스러운 인터렉션과 세션 정보를 Seamless하게 제공해주는 도구로 사용 가능함을 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.189-198
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• 1996

Mercury (Hg) is ubiquitous throughout the earth's atmosphere. The uniqueness of its atmospheric geochemistry is well-known with the high environmental mobility and relatively long atmospheric residence time (c.a., 1 year) associated with its high chemical stability. Despite a growing recognition of the environmental significance of its global cycling, the prexisting Korean database for atmospheric Hg is extremely rare and confined to a number of concentration measurements conducted under relatively polluted urban atmospheric environments. To help activate the research on this suvject, an in-depth analysis on the current development in the measurements of atmospheric mercury and the associated fluxes has been made using the most using the most updated data ests reported worldwide. As a first step toward this purpose, the most reliable techniques commonly employed in the measurements of its concentration in the background atmosphere are introduced in combination with the flux measurement techniques over soil surface such as: dynamic enclosure (or field flux chamber) method and field micrometeorological method. Then the results derived using these measurement techniques are discussed and interpreted with an emphasis on its mobilization across the terrestrial biosphere and atmosphere interface. A unmber of factors including air/soil temperature, soil chemical composition, soil water content, and barometric pressure are found out to be influential to the rate and amount of such exchange processes. Although absolute magnitude of such exchange processes is insignificant relative to that of the major component like the oceanic environment, this exchange process is thought to be the the predominant natural pathway for both the mobilization and redistribution of atmospheric Hg on a local or regional scale.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.1 s.52
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• pp.15-26
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• 1996

It has been studied that a variety of fauna and flora are sensitive biological indicators which reflect the severity of regional pollution of heavy metals, but in the center of part of Taegu City the controversial issue of lead poisoning attributable to the atmosphere which contains an increased concentrations of lead has been raised recently, it is usually hard to find suitable plants or animal in the areas with heavy traffic. Pigeons are ubiquitous in and around Taegu City area, inhabiting even the most densely populated areas with heavy traffic. With its small body size, high metabolic turnover, and rather limited mobility, a pigeon, as a biological indicator is expected. This study was conducted to monitor lead pollution in the Taegu and Kyongju City in Korea. We measured the lead content of the various tissue of three groups of feral pigeon(Columba livia) and soil and atmospheric lead concentration. First group was obtained in heavy traffic area in Taegu City, the second group was obtained a park in Taegu City and the third group was obtained light traffic area in Kyongju City. The air and soil lead concentration of heavy traffic area in Taegu City was $0.11{\mu}g/m^3,\;4.96{\mu}g/g$, that of park in Taegu City was $0.05{\mu}g/m^3,\;2.65{\mu}g/g$ and that of light traffic area in Kyongju City was $0.03{\mu}g/m^3,\;0.01{\mu}g/g$. The lead content of lung, blood, kidney, femur and liver of feral pigeons in heavy traffic area in Taegu City was significantly higher than pigeons obtained in a park in Taegu City and low traffic density area in Kyongju City(p<0.01). But stomach lead content of three group did not reflect a significant difference. In this study positive correlation was found between atmospheric lead concentrations and the concentration of lead in the pigeon's lung(r=0.5040, p<0.001), blood(r=0.3322, p<0.01), kidney(r=0.4824, p<0.001), femur(r=0.7214, p<0.001) and liver(r=0.4836, p<0.01). We can also found positive correlation between soil lead concentrations and the concentration of lead in the pigeon's femur(r=0.4850, p<0.001), kidney(r=0.4850, p<0.001) and liver(r=0.4386, p<0.01). In the pigeon's tissue there were significant correlations between concentration of lead in the blood and kidney(r=4818, p<0.001), femur(r=0.6157, p<0.001) and liver(r=0.3889, p<0.001). In conclusion, at the heavy traffic area in Taegu City, lead concentrations found in the atmosphere and soil are reflected in the lead concentrations of different tissue of urban pigeons. It is suggested that the tissue of pigeons can be good biological indicators of environmental lead pollution.