• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2014

The placenta is a temporary fetomaternal organ capable of supporting fetal growth and development during pregnancy. In particular, abnormal development and dysfunction of the placenta due to cha nges in the proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and invasion of trophoblasts induce several gynecological diseases as well as abnormal fetal development. Autophagy is a catalytic process that maintains cellular structures by recycling building blocks derived from damaged microorganelles or proteins resulting from digestion in lysosomes. Additionally, autophagy is necessary to maintain homeostasis during cellular growth, development, and differentiation, and to protect cells from nutritional deficiencies or factors related to metabolism inhibition. Induced autophagy by various environmental factors has a dual role: it facilitates cellular survival in normal conditions, but the cascade of cellular death is accelerated by over-activated autophagy. Therefore, cellular death by autophagy has been known as programmed cell death type II. Autophagy causes or inhibits cellular death via the other mechanism, apoptosis, which is programmed cell death type I. Recently, it has been reported that autophagy increases in placenta-related obstetrical diseases such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation, although the mechanisms are still unclear. In particular, abnormal autophagic mechanisms prevent trophoblast invasion and inhibit trophoblast functions. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to examine the characteristics and functions of autophagy and to investigate the role of autophagy in the placenta and the trophoblast as a regulator of cell death.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2021

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial activity of currently purchasable denture cleansers against Candida albicans. Materials and methods: This study used tablet-type denture cleansers, PolidentⓇ, CoolingdentⓇ and FittydentⓇ, along with liquid denture cleansers, HexamedineⓇ, ListerineⓇ and Apple vinegarⓇ. The antibacterial activities of denture cleansers were evaluated based on the number of C. albicans and concentrations of the denture cleansers. Results. In the 0.5 × 106 cfu/㎖ culture medium, the C. albicans' death rate of PolidentⓇ was significantly lower than those of FittydentⓇ, HexamedineⓇ, ListerineⓇ, and Apple vinegarⓇ(P<.05). In the 0.5 × 107 cfu/, the C. albicans' death rates of PolidentⓇ and CoolingdentⓇ were significantly lower than those of FittydentⓇ, HexamedineⓇ, ListerineⓇ and Apple vinegarⓇ(P<.05). The C. albicans' death rates of PolidentⓇ and CoolingdentⓇ were significantly decreased at 0.02 g and 0.01 g. The C. albicans' death rate of FittydentⓇ was significantly decreased at 0.005 g (P<.05). The C. albicans' death rate of HexamedineⓇ was significantly decreased at 1/16 dilution. The C. albicans' death rate of ListerineⓇ was decreased at 1/8 dilution, and the antibacterial activity of Apple vinegarⓇ was decreased at 1/4 dilution (P<.05). Conclusion. As the number of C. albicans increased, the antibacterial activities of the denture cleansers decrease. In the tablet-type denture cleanser, all denture cleansers showed 100% C. albicans' death rate when used at a dose of 1 tablet. One denture cleanser showed the same antibacterial effect with only 1/3 of a tablet. In the liquid type denture cleanser, the level of dilution required was different for each denture cleanser.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.439-442
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• 2006

To evaluate the postmortem changes in activities of oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes, the rats were sacrificed with cervical dislocation and were kept in an incubator at $25^{\circ}C$, 70% of humidity for 12 hours. The activities of aniline hydroxylase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxlde dismutase were decreased with the time. On the other hand, the activity and type conversion ratio (type D ${\to}$type O) of hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) were gradually increased. From these changes of XO, the estimation of death time (mathematical equation) could be determined with the least square method. To clarify the cause of increasing XO activity, enzyme kinetics were examined. The Km values of XO were decreased with the time. In conclusion, the determination of liver XO activity might be used for the estimation of death time in the early postmortem period.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2016

Clostridium novyi (C. novyi) is a gram positive, non-capsulated, motile, obligatory anaerobe that produces endospores. Both C. novyi type A and B produce a bacteriophage encoded lethal alpha toxin which belongs to a family of large clostridial cytotoxins. These large clostridial cytotoxins of C. novyi bind to the uncharacterized receptors on host vascular endothelial cells, which leads to the loss of integrity of the vascular endothelium with subsequent edema, refractory hypotension, organ failure, and sudden death. A total of 13 sudden death cases were submitted to Chonbuk National University-Veterinary Diagnostic Center between June and October, 2015. The samples, mainly liver, were collected in sterile vials after necropsy and processed within 12~24 hours for diagnosis, isolation and identification of C. novyi. All of the 4 gram positive samples showed amplification by PCR. Out of 4 positive samples, 3 were detected to be C. novyi type B and 1 was detected as C. novyi type A. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, 1 case (150564) showed 99% similarity with C. novyi type A while other 3 cases (150388, 150557 and 150775) presented 99% similarity with C. novyi type B. Based on the results, C. novyi was found to be prevalent in Korean pig farms and causes sudden death to finishing pigs or sows during summer season. Thus, C. novyi should be considered for differential diagnosis on sudden death cases during the summer season.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.737-745
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• 2021

목적: 본 연구는 호스피스 병동 간호사의 죽음 불안과 돌봄 요구를 성격유형을 중심으로 살펴본 서술적 조사연구이다. 방법: 호스피스 병동에서 근무하는 118명의 간호사를 대상으로 시행되었고, SPSS Statistics 26으로 분석하였다. 결과: 대상자의 죽음 불안은 2.41±0.27이었고, 하위 항목 중 '자신의 죽어감에 대한 두려움(2.60±0.38)'이 가장 높았다. 돌봄 요구는 3.58±0.60이었고, 하위 항목 중 '용서하기(3.74±0.64)'가 가장 높았다. 죽음 불안과 돌봄 요구 간의 유의한 정적 상관관계(r=.265, p=.004)를 확인하였다. 대상자의 성격유형별 죽음 불안이 돌봄 요구에 미치는 영향은 감정 중심 유형에서 타인의 죽어감에 대한 두려움(𝛽=-1.021, t=-2.388, p=.027)이 돌봄 요구에 영향을 미치는 요인(F=3.724, p=.020)으로 확인되었다. 결론: 죽음 불안과 돌봄 요구는 유의한 정적 상관관계를 보이며, 감정 중심 유형에서 죽음 불안이 돌봄 요구에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2007년도 추계 학술대회
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• pp.62-62
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• 2007

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2012

Successive and simultaneous sudden death tests are compared with the complete and Type II censored samples in terms of expected test duration and Total Time on Test(TTT) subject to the same number of failures in order to maintain the equal statistical precision under Weibull lifetime distribution with known shape parameter. Also, two sudden death tests under a proposed cost model are discussed and a numerical example is provided to illustrate the use of the proposed cost model.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2022

All living organisms are destined to die. Cells, the core of those living creatures, move toward the irresistible direction of death. The question of how to die is critical and is very interesting. There are various types of death in life, including natural death, accidental death, questionable death, suicide, and homicide. The mechanisms and molecules involved in cell death also differ depending on the type of death. The dysenteric amoeba, E. histolytica, designated by the German zoologist Fritz Schaudinn in 1903, has the meaning of tissue lysis; i.e., tissue destroying, in its name. It was initially thought that the amoebae lyse tissue very quickly leading to cell death called necrosis. However, advances in measuring cell death have allowed us to more clearly investigate the various forms of cell death induced by amoeba. Increasing evidence has shown that E. histolytica can cause host cell death through induction of various intracellular signaling pathways. Understanding of the mechanisms and signaling molecules involved in host cell death induced by amoeba can provide new insights on the tissue pathology and parasitism in human amoebiasis. In this review, we emphasized on the signaling role of NADPH oxidases in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cell death by pathogenic E. histolytica.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the attitudes toward brain death organ donation among nurses and doctors in an operating room. Methods: A descriptive research was used. The participants included 90 nurses and 30 doctors who had experience of operating organ transplantation for brain death organ donation. Data were collected from March 12 to May 23, 2020 in the one tertiary general hospital. The outcome measures were perception and attitude of death and attitude towards brain death organ donation. Results: Attitudes toward brain death organ donation was influenced by type of occupation, intention of organ donation and attitude toward death. In addition, the explanatory power of the total variance was 52.1%. Conclusions: Based on the results, it is necessary to prepare an intervention to improve awareness of the brain death and the brain death organ donation.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

목적: 성격유형에 따라 죽음을 받아들이는 태도가 다름을 알아보고 이를 통해 차별화된 호스피스 프로그램의 필요성을 강조하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방법: 성격유형은 한국판 MBTI 성격유형검사 Form G를 사용하였고, 죽음에 대한 태도를 평가하기 위해 5점 척도를 이용한 26개 문항의 설문지 조사를 통해 자료를 모았다. 결과: 조사 대상자 100명 중에서 ESFP 성격유형이 제일 많았고(20%), 성격유형에 따른 죽음에 대한 준비과정이 의미있게 차이가 있었다. 4가지 성격유형 선호경향 지표에 따른 죽음에 대한 태도는 외향형(E), 사고형(T), 판단형(J) 경향이 높을수록 적극적이었고, SN지표에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다. 결론: 성격유형에 따라 죽음인지에 대한 태도가 의미 있게 차이가 있었다. 따라서, 성격유형에 따른 호스피스 프로그램의 다양화가 요구된다.