• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2017

Molar-incisor malformation (MIM)은 최근에 알려진 치아 이상으로 제1대구치의 치근 형태 이상이 특징적이며, 제2유구치의 비정형적 치근 형태 및 중절치의 법랑질 결함을 동반하기도 한다. 본 연구는 MIM으로 진단한 3명의 환아에 대하여 보고하고, 이에 관한 문헌 고찰을 하고자 한다. 3명의 환아 모두 제1대구치의 치근 형태 이상을 보였으며, 그 정도는 다양했다. 2명의 환아는 출생 시 의학적 병력을 가지고 있었으며, 한 명의 환아는 일란성 쌍둥이였다. 그러나 쌍둥이 동생의 임상 및 방사선학적 검사 결과 특별한 이상이 없는 정상 치열이었다. 본 연구는 최근에 보고되고 있는 MIM 증례에 관한 기술 및 방사선학적 관찰로, 해당 환아의 임상적 관리 시 이환 치아의 방사선학적 특성 및 미세해부학적 구조 및 수반하는 특성에 관한 고려는 조기 진단 및 포괄적 치료계획 수립에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2014

A 31-year-old woman, who was pregnant with twins, underwent chorionic villus sampling because of increased nuchal translucency in one of the fetuses. Cytogenetic analysis showed a normal karyotype in the fetus with increased nuchal translucency. However, the other fetus, with normal nuchal translucency, had a derivative X chromosome (der(X)). For further analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and additional molecular studies including fragile X analysis were performed. FISH analysis confirmed that the Y chromosome was the origin of extra segment of the der(X). The X-chromosome breakpoint was determined to be at Xq27 by FMR1 CGG repeat analysis, and the Y-chromosome breakpoint was determined to be at Yq11.23 by the Y chromosome microdeletion study. To predict the fetal outcome, the X-inactivation pattern was examined, and it revealed non-random X inactivation of the der(X). To the best of our knowledge, the identification of an unbalanced Xq;Yq translocation at prenatal diagnosis has never been reported. This study was performed to identify precise breakpoints and the X-inactivation pattern as well as to provide the parents with appropriate genetic counseling.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2015

Objective: To assess compliance with Korean guidelines for embryo transfer, the possible reasons for non-compliance, and multiple pregnancies according to each specific condition in compliant cycles. Methods: A single-institution, retrospective study was conducted of 256 fresh in vitro fertilization cycles during 2012-2014. To assess compliance with Korean guidelines, the maximum recommended number of embryos transferred (according to criteria of age, transfer day, and presence of favorable conditions) was compared with the actual number of embryos transferred. Clinical pregnancy rate (PR) was assessed as the percentage of pregnant women resulting from each set of transfer conditions, including the number of embryos transferred. The multiple pregnancy rate (MPR) was calculated as the percentage of pregnant women with a multifetal pregnancy. Results: The compliance rate with the Korean guidelines was 96.5% (247/256). Non-compliance occurred in nine cycles owing to poor embryo quality, repeated implantation failure, or hostile endometrium. In compliant cycles, the PR was 31.2% (77/247), and the MPR was 27.3% (21/77; 20 twins and one triplet). Higher MPR was noted in two types of transfer conditions: transfer of three cleavage embryos in women aged 35-39 years with favorable conditions (66.7%; primarily from those aged 35-37 years) and transfer of two blastocysts in women aged ${\geq}40$ years with favorable conditions (50%). Conclusion: Under the Korean guidelines, compliance rate was high in our center. Multiple pregnancies occurred primarily in group with favorable conditions. In high-risk groups for multiple pregnancies, reducing number of embryos transferred should be considered than suggested in the guideline.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2005

규소 표면의 기계적 손상은 산화 공정 중에 규소 표면에 여러 가지 형태의 결함들을 발생 시킨다. 규소 표면에 손상을 주는 마모 입자가 커짐에 따라 OISF보다는 etch pit의 형상이 동굴형인 선 결함(line defects)들이 많이 발생된다. 이들 결함들은 실리콘 결정을 성장시키는 단계에서 형성되는 결함들과는 상호 관련이 없다. 방향성 응고법으로 성장된 규소 결정속에 존재하는 결함들은 주로 twin과 stacking fault들이며 응고과정에서 발생이 예상되는 응력에 의한 전위는 거의 발견되지 않았다. 따라서 Czochralski 법으로 성장된 단 결정 규소뿐 아니라 방향성 응고법으로 성장된 다 결정 규소 기판도 표면의 결함들을 이용하여 extrinsic gettering을 통한 규소 결정 내부의 불순물 제거의 가능성이 높다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2006

VATER association is defined as a combination of 3 or more anomalies- vertebra (V), imperforate anus (A), esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TE), renal and radial anomaly(R). We reviewed our experiences in one center to determine etiology, prevalence, clinical manifestation, other associated anomaly and prognosis. Two hundred and twenty-three cases that underwent operations for imperforate anus or esophageal atresia were analyzed retrospectively through medical records at Department of Pediatric Surgery, Asan Medical Center from June, 1989 to July, 2005. The total number of neonates who had been admitted during period of study were 46,773 and VATER association was 9 (0.019 %, 1.92 persons per 10,000 neonates). Median gestational age and birth weight were $37^{+4}wk$ ($35^{+1}$ - $41^{+4}$) and 2,594 g (1,671-3,660), respectively and median age of mother was 32 years (23-38). There was no family history. Three patients were twins but their counterparts had no anomalies. Patients who have 3 anomalies were 6, 4 anomalies in two and 5 anomalies in one patient. Vertebra anomalies were detected in 7(77.7 %), imperforate anus in 8(88.9 %), esophageal atresia in 5 patients (55.6 %), renal anomaly in 6(66.7 %), and radial anomaly in 5(55.6 %), respectively. Four patients are alive, 2 patients were lost during follow up period. Three patients died due to neonatal sepsis, respiratory dysfunction and cardiac failure. VATER association did not appear to be a definite risk factor, but merely a randomized combination of 5 anomalies. The prognosis was dependent on the other associated anomalies, appropriateness of management and operation. Careful follow-up and aggressive treatmentare required for improving survival and quality of life.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.577-581
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• 2007

The effects of intramuscular fat on the sensory characteristics of M. longissimus dorsi in Japanese Black steers were investigated by a trained analytical panel (average 13.4 panelists). Five sets (10 head) of artificial identical twins were divided into 2 groups, high level of intramuscular fat group (HG) which utilized the fattening method of increasing intramuscular fat and low level of intramuscular fat group (LG) which did not use the above method. Regarding M. longissmus dorsi which was produced for use in the sensory evaluation, crude fat contents of HG and LG was 25.8% and 23.2% respectively (p<0.05). Warner-Bratzler shear force, water holding capacity, cooking loss and fatty acid composition of HG and LG were similar between the two groups. M. Longissimus dorsi taken from HG and LG were tested for their sensory characteristics by a trained panel. HG was given higher points for juiciness than LG (p<0.05). There were no significant differences for tenderness and flavor between the two groups. Overall acceptability which synthesized each of the sensory characteristics of HG and LG were 5.04 and 4.69 points respectively (p = 0.05). These results suggested that juiciness increased with the increase of intramuscular fat, and this raised the overall acceptability of M. longissimus dorsi.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.447-451
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• 2012

The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and consequent effect of dystocia on lactation performance in Holstein dairy cows in Iran. The data set consisted of 55,577 calving records on 30,879 Holstein cows in 30 dairy herds for the period March 2000 to April 2009. Factors affecting dystocia were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models through the maximum likelihood method in the GENMOD procedure. The effect of dystocia on lactation performance and factors affecting calf birth weight were analyzed using mixed linear model in the MIXED procedure. The average incidence of dystocia was 10.8% and the mean (SD) calf birth weight was 42.13 (5.42) kg. Primiparous cows had calves with lower body weight and were more likely to require assistance at parturition (p<0.05). Female calves had lower body weight, and had a lower odds ratio for dystocia than male calves (p<0.05). Twins had lower birth weight, and had a higher odds ratio for dystocia than singletons (p<0.05). Cows which gave birth to a calf with higher weight at birth experienced more calving difficulty (OR (95% CI) = 1.1(1.08-1.11). Total 305-d milk, fat and protein yield was 135 (23), 3.16 (0.80) and 6.52 (1.01) kg less, in cows that experienced dystocia at calving compared with those that did not (p<0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2003

Regarding the fattening of younger cattle that the Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) recommends in Japan, this study looked at vitamin A control in feed and blood and its effect on performance of production and carcass composition of Wagyu steers. Five sets from 10 Wagyu artificial identical twins were divided to into 2 groups, a restricted group (Test) and a supplied group (Control). The body weight at the finishing time of the Test was significantly lower than that of the Control (p<0.05). The daily gain from 13 to 21 months old, as the animals in the Test were fed the concentrated feed without Vitamin A, was significantly different (p<0.05) between the Test and the Control. The total daily gains for the Test and the Control for the fattening period were 0.82 kg/day and 0.93 kg/day, respectively, which showed a significant difference (p<0.01). Regarding the rib thickness, the Test was thinner than the Control. The Beef Marbling Scores of the Test and Control were 3.60 and 2.80, respectively. The muscle weight of the Test was significantly smaller than that of the Control (p<0.01). However, regarding the ratio to the carcass, the Test was significantly higher than the Control (p<0.05). For the fat weight, the Test was smaller by about 15 kg than the Control (p<0.01). Furthermore, for the fat ratio to the carcass, the Test was significantly lower than the Control (p<0.05). The bone weights of the two groups were approximately the same. Regarding the ratio of bone to carcass, the Test was higher than the Control (p<0.01). For the younger fattening method, the low level vitamin A in the serum had the effect that the muscle ratio to the carcass weight was greater and the fat was less, but the carcass and muscle weight were less.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2020

국토를 효율적으로 관리하고 도시문제를 과학적으로 해결하기 위해 최근 스마트시티, 디지털트윈 등 3차원 공간정보 관련 기술이 급격하게 발전하고 있다. 이러한 3차원 공간정보 구축은 주로 영상정보를 이용하여 객체를 3차원 입체화하고 실감형 영상인 텍스처링 영상을 추출하여 객체벽면에 영상을 부여하는 방식으로 수행된다. 하지만 객체 주변의 다양한 요인으로 인해 텍스처링 영상에서는 필연적으로 폐색영역이 발생한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 최근 기술인 딥러닝 기술 중에서 ResNet 알고리즘을 이용하여 건물 폐색을 유발하는 가로수에 대한 데이터셋을 만들고 이에 대한 해결방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구결과 ResNet 알고리즘의 공간정보 적용 가능성을 판단하고 이를 적용한 레이블링 생성 SW 개발하여 실제 가로수를 대상으로 데이터셋을 구축하였다. 구축된 데이터셋을 텍스처링 영상에 적용하여 정확도와 재현율로 검출능력을 분석하였다. 분석결과를 위해 딥러닝 분야에서 많이 사용되고 있는 정밀도와 재현율을 이용한 F값을 적용하였으며 가로수 단일 객체가 포함된 건물의 측면부 영상과 경사 영상에 대해서는 높은 F값을 도출하여 우수한 성과를 확인하였으나, 같은 해상도를 가진 건물 전면부 영상에서는 그림자 등의 요인으로 F값이 낮음을 확인하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2012

This study was performed to evaluate the rate of twin pregnancy and parturition in dairy cows. Calving records of Holstein dairy cows from 1998 to 2009 comprising Goyang and Paju cities herd with 20,990 calving events representing 820 twin births were used to evaluate twinning rate, calf sex ratio, periods of pregnancy and complication after parturition in single and twin births. Overall, the reported twinning rate was 3.9% in Holstein dairy cows. Rate of bicornual pregnancy (75%) was larger than that of unicornual pregnancy (25%) among cows having twin. Regardless of parity, the greatest twinning rate was observed in fall season from September to November. Calf sex ratios (male, M; female, F) were 48.0% FM, 28.9% MM, 21.5% FF and 0.9% mummifications for twin calves. Parturition type among cows having twins included normal (4.7%), premature (66.9%), delayed (9.2%), abortion (18.4%) and mummification (0.8%). The period of pregnancy in twin pregnancy (mean 272.6 days) was shorter than single pregnancy (mean 278.1 days). The retained placenta after parturition was over fourth times such as twin parturition (34.8%) higher than single parturition (8.5%) and the abomasal displacement was over two times such as twin parturition (10.2%) higher than single parturition (4.9%). The distribution of twin pregnancy with parities was high rate during the 2~3 parities. The prevalence of complication such as retained placenta and abomasal displacement with twin parturition revealed higher than single parturition.