• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 1990

For the investigation of the effects of G. lucidum on prevention and attention of hypercholeste-rolemia and atherosclerosis dietary hypercholesterolemic rats were fed with 2.0g% G. lucidum extracts for 4 weeks. And then concentrations of total cholesterol triglyceride phospholipid in serum and liver and those of HDL-cholesterol lipid peroxide glucose in serum were analyzed. Concentration of total cholesterol in serum was the lowest in the control group(basal diet+ wa-ter) and HDL-cholesterol in serum were significantly higher in groups of control 2(hyperchole-sterolemic ratslongrightarrowbasal+water) and 4(hypercholesterolemic ratslongrightarrowbasal+G.l. extract) The concentration of triglyceride in serum were signficantly lower in groups 4 and 5(hypercholeste-rolemic ratslongrightarrowcholesterol+G. l. extract) than in the control group. Phospholipid content in serum were not significantly different among all groups. Ttal cholesterol in liver was significa-ntly higher in hypercholesterolemic rats than in the control group and triglyceride concentration were signficantly higher in groups of 3(hypercholesterolemic ratslongrightarrowcholesterol+water) and 5 than others. Phospholipid in liver was significantly higher in group 3 than in the control group but groups of 4 and 5 were lower. As for lipid peroxide in serum was the lowest in group 4 and glucose concentration was lowest in group 5 than in other groups.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 2010

This study examined the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of an ascidian (Halocynthia roretzi) in rats in vivo. Rats were fed on experimental diet including dried ascidian powder (200 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks, and then the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in blood were analyzed. On the ascidian tunic powder diet, the triglyceride level decreased by more than 20.9% and the total cholesterol content decreased by more than 24.4%. In comparison, the triglyceride and total cholesterol level in the blood of rats fed ascidian meat powder decreased only slightly. Therefore, the ascidian tunic powder might be a healthy food with antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1 s.31
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• pp.146-170
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• 1996

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-stress effects of Walgukhwan, Walgukhwan+Ejintang and Wal gukhwan+Samultang. The experimental animals treated with each extracts during 15 days before the immobilization stress. And each experimental animals were endowed with 12 hours immobilization stress. Then the brain, blood and urine catecholamine contents and serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were studied. The result were as followed; 1. Walgukhwan, Walgukhwan+Ejintang and Walgukhwan+Samultang were not statistically effective to the changes of the body weight. 2. Walgukhwan was statistically effective to the increase of the blood norepinephrine content as compared with control. 3. Walgukhwan+Ejintang was statistically effective to the increase of the blood and urine norepinephrine contents as compared with control. 4. Walgukhwan+Samultang was statisticallv effective to the increase of the brain, blood and urine norepinephrine contents and also to the increase of the blood and urine dopamine contents as compared with control. 5. Walgukhwan was statistically effective to the increase of the serum free fatty acid level as compared with control. 6. Walgukhwan+Ejintang was statistically effective to the increase of the serum triglyceride and free fatty acid levels as compared with control. 7. Walgukhwan+Samultang was statistically effective to the increase of the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels as compared with control.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2011

The effect of diet supplementation of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk fibroin on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The animals were given normal control diet (NC group), high fat diet (HF group), or high fat diet supplemented with A. pernyi silk fibroin powder (HFS group) for 7 weeks. After the experimental period, the HF group showed significant increase in body weight, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol levels, and hepatic triglyceride concentration, and decreased activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes relative to NC group. However, the HFS group exhibited marked reduction in body weight, plasma cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride levels, hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation rate, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, fecal triglyceride content, and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with that of HF group. These findings demonstrate that dietary feeding of A. pernyi silk fibroin could improve the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system via regulation of hepatic antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. Hence, this silk fibroin may be beneficial as a functional biomaterial for the development of therapeutic agent against high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and its related diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.863-873
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• 2016

The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of the ethanol extracts of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) seeds, flesh or leaves on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and male pig preadipocytes. The cell number was measured with the MTT assay after trypsin digestion. The cell differentiation was determined by measuring the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity and triglyceride(TG) content. No cytotoxicity was observed from the loquat flesh and leaf ethanol extracts at concentrations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 or $200{\mu}g/mL$ in 3T3-L1 cells and pig preadipocytes. However, the cell viability of neither cell line were affected by up $50{\mu}g/mL$ of loquat seed ethanol extract. Treatment with the loquat seed and leaf ethanol extracts significantly suppressed the terminal differentiation of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, as confirmed by the decrease in the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) activity and TG content. Treatment with the loquat seed and leaf ethanol extracts inhibited the GPDH activity and reduced the TG content of both cell types more effectively than that with the loquat flesh ethanol extract. The most potent anti-adipogenic effect was obtained in the case of the ethanol extract of loquat seeds.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.16-25
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• 1991

Mahwangsan is used in the treatment of asthma due to wind and cold(風寒喘). This is study was carried out to investigate the effect of Mahwangsan extract and In order to investigate the effects of Chungyeuldodamtang experimental studies were performed in hyperlipidemia Rats induced by cholesterol and Spontaneusly hypertension rats. The contents of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and FFA and the changes of blood pressure and heart beat were measured. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The content of Total-Cholesterol in the serum compared with control group tended to be decreased in Chungyeuldodamtang group, but did not show a significance. 2. The content of Triglyceride in the serum was significantly decreased in Chungyeuldodamtang group. 3. The content of Phospholipid in the serum was significantly decreased in Chungyeuldodamtang group. 4. The content of FFA in the serum tended to decreased in Chungyeuldodamtang group, but did not show a significance. 5. The S.H.R's blood pressure was significantly decreased in Chungyeuldodamtang group. 6. The S.H.R.'s Heart beat compared with control group tended to be decreased in Chungyeuldodamtang group, but did not show a significance. According to the above results, it is assumed that Chungyeuldodamtang has a valid effect on Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.683-690
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• 2011

The object of this study was to observe the effects of Hwanggeum-tang (HGT) aqueous extracts on Streptozotocin-induced rat's diabetes and related complications. Three different dosages of HGT extracts were orally administered oncea day for 28 days from 3 weeks after Streptozotocin treatment (60 mg/kg, single intraperitoneally administered). All the rats were checked at 3 weeks after Streptozotocin treatment as follows. Changes on the body weight, blood glucose level, kidney weight, serum BUN and creatinine level, liver weight, serum AST and ALT level, serum LDL, HDL, triglyceride and total cholesterol level were observed with changes on the pancreatic MDA content and GSH content. The results were compared with a potent antioxidant silymarin 100 mg/kg in which the effects on Streptozotocin-induced diabetes and related complications were already confirmed. As results of Streptozotocin-injected diabetes and related complications, dramatical decreases on the body weight, increase of the kidney and liver weight, increase of serum BUN, creatinine, AST, ALT, LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol level and decreases of serum HDL level were detected in streptozotocin control as compared with intact control. In addition, marked increases of pancreatic MDA content and decreases of GSH content were also detected in streptozotocin control as compared with intact control. However, these diabetes and related complications, and inhibition of antioxidant effects induced by Streptozotocin were inhibited by 28 days continuous treatment of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of HGT extracts in the present study. HGT have favorable effects on the diabetes and various diabetic complications. Therefore, more detail mechanism studies should be conducedin future with the efficacy tests of individual herbal composition of HGT and the screening of the biological active compounds in herbs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.259-262
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• 1984

In order to examine the effect of oil extraction methods on the charateristics of sesame oil, the fractionation pattern and fatty acid compositions of the each fraction of the oil were compared in the oil extracted by the three different extraction methods, that is, pressure extraction of roasted seed (RTP), acetone extraction of roasted seed (RTE) and acetone extraction of raw seed (RWE). The amount of triglyceride in RWE oil was slightly higher as 77.2% of the total lipid than that in RTP and RTE oil of 73.4%. The content of oleic and linoleic acid in glycolipld and fatty acid fractions, linoleic acid in triglyceride, and palmitic and stearic acid in phospholipid fractions from RTP and RTE oil were higher than those from RWE oil, but the oleic acid in triglyceride. Palmitic and stearic acid in free fatty acid, and oleic and linoleic acid in phospholipid from RTP and RTE oil were lower than those from RWE oil. The ratio of $C_{18}$ to $C_{16}$ fatty acids and unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in glycolipid and phospholipid fractions from RTP and RTE oil were higher than those from RWE oil, but the ratios in triglyceride and free fatty acid fractions from RTP and RTE oil were lower than those from RWE oil.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1080-1088
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• 2013

Our previous results showed that kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) injections via intraperitoneal (i.p.) once daily for three weeks notably promoted the egg laying rate in quails. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the effects of Kp-10 on enhancing the egg laying rate in birds, this study focused on the alternations of lipids synthesis in liver after Kp-10 injections. 75 female quails (22 d of age) were allocated to three groups randomly, and subjected to 0 (control, Con), 10 nmol (low dosage, L) and 100 nmol (high dosage, H) Kp-10 injections via i.p. once daily for three weeks, respectively. At d 52, quails were sacrificed and sampled for further analyses. Serum $E_2$ concentration was increased by Kp-10 injections, and reached statistical significance in H group. Serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations were increased by 46.7% in L group and 36.8% in H group, respectively, but did not reach statistical significance, and TG contents in liver were significantly elevated by Kp-10 injections in a dose-dependent manner. Serum total cholesterol (Tch) concentrations significantly decreased in H group, while in H group the hepatic Tch content was markedly increased. The level of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), apolipoprotein A1 and B (apoA1 and apoB) were not altered by Kp-10 injections. The genes expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), apolipoprotein VLDL-II (apoVLDL-II), cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and vitellogenin II (VTG-II) were significantly up-regulated by high but not low dosage of Kp-10 injection compared to the control group. However, the expression of SREBP-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase ($ACC_{\alpha}$), malic enzyme (ME), stearoyl-CoA (${\Delta}9$) desaturase 1 (SCD1), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductases (HMGCR), estrogen receptor ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$($ER{\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$) mRNA were not affected by Kp-10 treatment. In line with hepatic mRNA abundance, hepatic SREBP1 protein content was significantly higher in H group. Although the mRNA expression was not altered, the content of $ER{\alpha}$ protein in liver was also significantly increased in H group. However, SREBP-2 protein content in liver was not changed by Kp-10 treatment. In conclusion, exogenous Kp-10 consecutive injections during juvenile stage significantly advanced the tempo of egg laying in quails, which was associated with the significant elevation in hepatic lipids synthesis and transport.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.151-155
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• 1982

Effects of vitamins, metabolic intermediates and several inorganic mineral salts on the biomass and lipid accumulation of Mucor plumbeus were investigated after 15 days of incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ under static culture condition. The optimum concentrations of various vitamins were ${\gamma}/l$ for biotin, and 0.01 g/l for nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, thiamine and riboflavin. Among them pyridoxine was the most stimulatory. The maximum felt weight and lipid content per 50ml medium were $2.82{\pm}0.14\;g$ and 62.8%. Triglyceride content of neutral lipid produced under this condition was 64.9%. The major fatty acids were oleic acid (50.0%), linoleic (23.8%) and palmitic acid (13.9%). Malonic acid was considered not to be desirable even though it stimulated the biomass and lipid accumulation because triglyceride content was lowered considerably comparing with control. $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ was the most stimulatory among the various magnesium salts and its optimum concentration was 5 g/l. Mucor plumbeus did not require $NaH_2PO_4$ for the stimulation of felt and lipid production. However, the addition of $MnCl_2$ at the concentration of 2 g/l was stimulatory to show $2.76{\pm}0.28\;g$ of felt/50 ml and 56.4% lipid content, and 73.9% triglyceride in the neutral lipid.