• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.40-50
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• 2006

This study was carried out to examine the tree-ring growth characteristics of Zelkova serrata Makino after replanting, for the built-up planting founds for stability of landscaped trees in the reclaimed land from the sea. the factors, many affecting the growths of Zelkova serrata Makino, were the replanting stress and drought. The growth reduction due to replanting and drought occurred in the replanting year and the following year. The mean sensitivity(year-to-year variation) and the coefficient of variation(tree-to-tree variation in a certain year) in tree rings of Zelkova serrate Makino, were higher in the poor soil sites than in the favourable soil ones. And the poor soil sites were the filled ground of improve soil and the covered ground of improve soil and the top ground of big mounding than mounding ground sites, especially soil hardness, alkali soil, high $Na^+\;and\;K^+,\;low\;Ca^{++}\;and\;Mg^{++}$ and T-C were the most crucial. We suggest technique development of the built-up planting ground for stability in the reclaimed land from the sea. The built-up planting grounds in reclaimed land from the sea, should be considered for the use of fair soil with the physical and chemical soil properties, -high level foundation of planting ground, and the prevention of disturbed soil-.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.162-164
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• 2018

This study quantified the carbon storage and uptake by street trees in Seoul and explored suitable planting and management strategies. A systematic sampling model was used to select 50 plots to survey the structures of street trees. The average density and cover of street trees were approximately 5.8 trees/$100m^2$ and 12.1%, respectively. Trees with a dbh of less than 30 cm accounted for about 66.3% of the total number of trees surveyed. The total carbon storage and uptake by the street trees were approximately 103,641 t and 10,992 t/yr, respectively. The total carbon uptake equaled the amount of annual carbon emissions from driving of about 11,000 cars. Street tree planting and management strategies were proposed to enhance carbon uptake. They included multi-layered and multi-aged planting, securing ground and space for plant growth, and avoiding excessive tree pruning.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.511-525
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• 2010

Understanding of the hydraulics of flow over vegetation is very important to support the management of fluvial processes. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of hydraulic influence by tree planting in a compound channel with vegetated floodplain. This study analyzes the influence of tree planting on hydraulic features in Young-river in Munkyung city using HEC-RAS and RMA-2 model. The study results showed that there is a rise in water surface elevation and decrease in velocity near vegetated area. It is also ascertained that only negligible effects was seen within the feasible range of freeboard for the existing levees. However, as hydraulic features can vary depending on the aspect of flood inundation during each flood period, it is necessary to accumulate data through continuous data collecting.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2000

For the purpose of building up the construction prospects of highway in consideration of natural environment. The tree planting and flower seeding in highway road side using native species were offered to natural landscape and resting area landscaping for peoples, and these area were 194place. The tree planting and flower seeding activity is to improve driving circumstances, and to conserve living and natural environment along the highways. And, preparation of ecotone and biotope at the highway surroundings for natural ecosystem conservation is an important activity, and planting of natural plants is generally carried out near wildlife ecoroads in order to give the way for animals. The primary purpose of this tree planting and seeding is not only to reduce environmental pollution, but also to enhance the ecological surroundings of highway circumference. Ultimately, It is essential that the constructive method of highway think over such as ecological environment and road design, surveying and management, construction, highway maintenance etc.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2000

In this study, the hydraulic characteristics variation of flood level caused by tree-planting condition in channel section is evaluated through the examination and analysis of back water characteristics in a natural channel within urban area where the improvement is completed. The study channel is Sinchun runs through the center of Taegu metropolitan city. For the analysis, the comparative examination of runoff characteristics depend on tree- planting condition performed for the flood level of the most upstream point, and velocity of study channel when the project flood flows according to three cases that existing channel is improved to the pro-natural channel, the roughness condition of both riverside highlands is changed, and the composition rate of trees in the riverside highlands is changed. It is known that the variation ranges of the flood level increase remarkably in general, and of the velocity decrease from the result of the examination for the hydraulic characteristics parameters at the most upstream point depend on the tree-planting condition of the channel section when the project flood flows. From the results of the above study on the variation of the hydraulic characteristics according to the tree-planting condition in channel section, it is known that the hydraulic characteristics when the project flood flows in channel have close relationship with the section properties and the slope of channel.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.32-44
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• 2024

본 연구는 가로수의 유무, 구조(교목 식재, 교목+관목 식재), 배열(1열 식재, 2열 식재)에 따른 온습도 변화를 분석하고 불쾌지수를 산출하여 열환경을 평가하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 이를 위해 대구광역시 달서구 및 중구 일대 가로를 대상으로 하여 2023년 6~9월경 3차례에 걸쳐 온습도 관측을 실시하였다. 달서구 일대 가로수 유무 및 구조에 대한 온습도 관측 결과, 온습도는 반비례하며 낮 동안에는 가로수가 있는 지역이 가로수가 없는 지역보다 기온이 낮은 것이 모든 관측 차수에서 명확하게 나타났다. 특히 기온이 높은 시간대(15~16시)로 갈수록 두 지역의 기온차는 더 커졌으며, 낮(14~16시) 동안 교목+관목 식재지, 교목 식재지, 가로수가 없는 지역 순으로 평균 기온이 낮고 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 밤과 새벽에는 교목 또는 교목+관목 식재지에서 최고 기온이 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 반면, 불쾌지수를 산출했을 때 교목뿐만 아니라 관목을 함께 식재한 지역의 열쾌적성이 가장 긍정적으로 나타났다. 중구 일대 가로수 배열에 대한 온습도 관측 결과, 온습도는 반비례하며 거의 모든 관측에서 2열 교목 식재지의 기온이 더 낮았고 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 불쾌지수 또한 2열 교목 식재지가 1열 교목 식재지에 비해 더 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 도시 가로수의 기온 저감 효과 및 열쾌적성 향상에 대해 정량적으로 분석함으로써 관련 도시숲 조성 사업 및 정책 시행에 있어 근거자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.55-71
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to propose an evaluation method to assess green environments of streetscapes to improve urban street green spaces in Jeonju City. Through a rapid assessment of urban street green spaces, we suggest an objective basis for expanding street green space as well as for adopting sustainable maintenance and improvement measures. We choose 12 sections of streetscapes (roads and sidewalks) to investigate existing street conditions which have more than four lanes and function as major road axes. Six large roads and six medium roads of Jeonju City center area are investigated as pilot assessment study sites. Site inventory checklists consist of environmental characteristics of streetscape, street tree status, and planting condition evaluation. Environmental characteristics of streetscapes are composed of physical and neighborhood factors. For instance, items for physical factors are types and width of road/sidewalks, paving materials, tree protection materials, and green strip. And surrounding landuse is a neighborhood factor. Assessment items for street tree status are street plant names (tree/shrubs/ground cover), size, and planting intervals. Planting condition evaluation items are tree shape, damage, canopy density, and planting types with existence of adjacent green space. Evaluation results are classified into three levels such as A(maintain or repair), B(greening enhancement), and C(structural improvement). In case of grade A, streetscapes have enough sidewalk width for maintaining green strip and a multi-layered planting(in large road only) with fairly good growing conditions of street trees. For grade B and C, streetscapes have a moderate level of sidewalk width with a single street tree planting. In addition, street tree growing conditions are appeared poor so that green enhancement or maintenance measures are needed. For median, only grade B and C are found as its planting growing foundations are very limited in space. As a result, acquiring enough sidewalk space is essential to enhance ecological quality of urban street green. Especially, it is necessary to have green strip with reasonable widths for plant growing conditions in sidewalks. In addition, we need to consider native species with multi-layer plant compositions while designing street green.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.47-61
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• 1997

This study was conducted to grasp the present condition of the name and the related text of the domestic laws (97 statutes, 1 examination, 1 guide, 3 ordinances, 1 leading case) in force which were connected with landscape plant and planting. Examining the general tree-planting system of America, the related foreign laws(1 constitution, 44 statutes, 31 ordinances, 6 leading cases) were arranged in the name and the text and classified by nations of regional groups and it was considered to the mutual relation with lots of laws which are scattered with the various laws. To examine the points at issue of the related domestic laws and to study the related foreign laws, the remedies for the domestic laws being at issue were proposed. That is : A change of the landscape planting concept, the introduction of the landscape planting cost compared with the total construction cost, the unification of the landscape planting ordinances as the unit of city, the clarification of the completion period for the depect of the replaced trees. putting the conservation and production of the top soil under an obligation the adoption of a licence system for the tree planting within the river area, the introduction of the allotment system for landscape architectural expenses, the encouragement of making a hedge, the settlement for the problems of the trees loss compensation, the necessity for the quality test to the landscape planting works, the intensification of the punitive rules to the illegal felling and planting of the trees in the greenzone area, the application of the Labor Standard Act to the landscape planting laborers. The laws relating to landscape plant and planting are prescribed dispersedly in the many other related laws and it is concluded to be impossible for the legislation of the singular law which is applied uniformly to the department of the tree-planting. Hereafter it should be required to analyze concretely in detail the each text of the related laws by means of the joint studies between the professional landscape architects and the lawyers.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is suggest to restoration model of Pinus thunbergii in Saha-gu, Busan Metropolitan City. The result of this study is summarized as follows; As the results of this study, vegetation restoration model is presented by separating community planting and edge planting. The community planting species of tree layer were Pinus thunbergii and Quercus acutissima and Quercus dentata and Quercus serrata and Quercus alienna and Quercus variabilis. The community planting species of subtree layer were Platycarya strobilacea and Prunus sargentii and Styrax japonica and Eurya japonica and Morus bombycis. The community planting species of shrub layer are Ulmus pavifolia and Ulmus davidiana and Lindera obtusiloba and Elaeagnus macrophylla and Mallotus japonicus and Ligustrum obtusifolium and Sorbus alnifolia and Rhus trichocarpa and Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Rosa wichuraiana and Rhus chinensis and Viburnum erosum and Rhododendron mucronulatum and Rhododendron yedoense and Indigofera pseudotinctoria. And the planting species of edge vegetation are Japanese Angelica and Symplocos chinensis and Pittosporum tobira and Lespedeza maximowiczii and Lespedeza bicolor and Rubus coreanus and Rubus idaeus and Vitis thunbergii and Ampelopsis brevipedunculata and Rosa multiflora. Considering the population of individuals up to layers in each $400m^2$ area, it was composed of 24 in tree layer, 35 in subtree layer, 410 in shrub layer and 34% herb layer in the Pinus thunbergii community. And the average of breast-high area and canopy area was $10,852cm^2$ in tree layer, in subtree layer $1,546cm^2$, in shrub layer $1,158,660cm^2$. The shortest distance between trees was calculated as 2.0m in tree layer, 1.9m in subtree layer.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2000

The purpose of thus paper is to provide the knowledge on preparing for the planting soil and planting method, and maintenance at the reclaimed seaside. Based on the collected data from the field work, the soil environment, the growth of height, inter-node, tree ring and roots of the two species had been analyzed. The determinant of soil factors, affecting the growth of trees, turned out to be six elements such as soil hardness, soil acidity, potassium, calcium, magnesium and total nitrogen. Because the variances of both growth of tree height and tree ring are greater than that of root, the growth characteristics of ground parts of the species by the individual tree species is more dynamical than those of underground parts. From the mean difference test the growth of height, root between Pinus thunbergii and Zelkova serrata, have been turned out to be statistically significant at 5 percent level. Pinus thunbergii is a sapling, so it grows faster than Zelkova serrata while Pinus thunbergii has better roots system than Zelkova serrata. From the correlation analysis, it showed the very strong correlation between tree height growth and potassim, while the lowest correlation coefficient was between soil hardness and potassim as 0.744. From the multiple regression analysis, both soil hardness and magnesium affect to the tree growth, soil hardness and potassium to the tree growth, potassium and calcium to the rot growth, respectively. Using this research results, we can be use the planting plan including revegetation, construction and maintenance of the reclaimed seaside. In the future, the planting method including the ground preparation and tree species selection for the reclaimed seaside should be accompanied in advanced through the soil survey and relevant analysis.