• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study is to find out whether group approach of sensory integration (SI) enhances sensory processing, fine motor function, and social skill for the children with sensory integration disorders. Method : Three children with problems related in sensory integration had got received 21 intervention sessions. We evaluated children with sensory profile(SP), social maturity test, Korean-developmental test of visual perception(K-DTVP), Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency(BOTMP) before-and after intervention. The statistical significance of data is tested by the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed rank test. Results : All data of post-intervention did not show any statistically significant differences; SP, social maturity test, K-DTVP, BOTMP. Conclusions : This study is to verify the effect of group SI intervention on sensory processing, fine motor function, and social skill for children with sensory integration disabilities. The results were not statistically significant. However, the average score after SI intervention has been improved in the section of fine motor and social skill comparing to that of pre-intervention period. It would have positive impact for children with sensory integration disabilities. It is needed to study with the larger number of target children and more often treatment session are suggested. The confounding variables also should be controlled in the further study.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the method using the S-reamer and gel-type graft material by the success rate and survival rate. Materials and methods: Implantation period was from 2008 to 2014, Follow check up year is 2019. There were 59 patients and 117 implants. All implants were placed in the posterior maxilla with the sinus lift. The patients population consisted of 34 men and 25 women, ranging from 19 to 75 years. The residual bone heights were from 1 mm to 6 mm. Sinus was perforated with S-reamer without membrane tearing and gel type bone graft material was used for membrane lifting and filling the space. all implants were placed simultaneously. Panoramic X-ray was taken. After 5 - 6 months healing period, final prostheses were restored. After more 5-years implant surgery, Panoramic X-ray was obtained and X-ray analysis and clinical examination were performed. Success criteria was referred to a Buser's success critera. All implants were classified to success implant, survival implant, failed implant. A success implant was satisfying success criteria, a survival implant was a implant that was acute infection with suppuration and bone loss, a failed implant was a implant that was mobile, removed. Results: Five implants were removed, and 4 implants had infected with bone loss. Survival rate was 95.7% and success rate was 92.3%. Conclusion: This retrospective study presented that this method with S-reamer and gel-type graft material was a successful treatment without membrane tear in the condition of 1-6 mm residual bone height.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.79 no.3
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• pp.165-178
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• 2016

Background: Although recent metagenomic approaches have characterized the distinguished microbial compositions in airways of asthmatics, these results did not reach a consensus due to the small sample size, non-standardization of specimens and medication status. We conducted a metagenomics approach by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of the induced whole sputum representing both the cellular and fluid phases in a relative large number of steroid $na{\ddot{i}}ve$ asthmatics. Methods: Induced whole sputum samples obtained from 36 healthy subjects and 89 steroid-$na{\ddot{i}}ve$ asthma patients were analyzed through T-RFLP analysis. Results: In contrast to previous reports about microbiota in the asthmatic airways, the diversity of microbial composition was not significantly different between the controls and asthma patients (p=0.937). In an analysis of similarities, the global R-value showed a statistically significant difference but a very low separation (0.148, p=0.002). The dissimilarity in the bacterial communities between groups was 28.74%, and operational taxonomic units (OTUs) contributing to this difference were as follows: OTU 789 (Lachnospiraceae), 517 (Comamonadaceae, Acetobacteraceae, and Chloroplast), 633 (Prevotella), 645 (Actinobacteria and Propionibacterium acnes), 607 (Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus otakiensis, Lactobacillus sunkii, and Rhodobacteraceae), and 661 (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Leptotrichiaceae), and they were significantly more prevalent in the sputum of asthma patients than in the sputum of the controls. Conclusion: Before starting anti-asthmatic treatment, the microbiota in the whole sputum of patients with asthma showed a marginal difference from the microbiota in the whole sputum of the controls.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.365-369
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• 2009

Prompt and proper discovery of cause is important in lung cancer patients with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction because approach for treatment may differ according to its etiology and emergency operation can often be required to prevent more severe complications. In this report, we present two different causes of intestinal obstruction in lung cancer. Physicians need to be aware of these possibilities to differentiate the cause of intestinal obstruction in patients with lung cancer.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.179-214
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• 2012

There are two opinions on the legal characteristics of damages for non-pecuniary loss, a private sanctions theory and complementary function of damages for non-pecuniary loss, briefly. There is a close connection between the legal characteristics and the function of damages for non-pecuniary loss. The functions of damages for non-pecuniary loss are consist of satisfaction, prevention( sanctions) and complementation. Several cases of medical injury relief reported to Korea Comsumer Agency are categorized as follows, 1) cases of death after having an operation, 2) diagnosed with disability after a medical accident, 3) extended damages happening related to delayed diagnosis, 4) et cetera(a plastic surgery, a treatment with oriental medicine), and the damages for non-pecuniary loss in respect to each cases are examined. In the case of occurring death or disability, Korea Comsumer Agency has set up guidelines for assessment of damages for non-pecuniary loss by classifying into major and collateral violation for a duty of care. Furthermore, the damages for non-pecuniary loss in the case of all sorts of cancers, are assessed in accordance with the degree of responsibility subsequent to dividing cancer into good and poor prognosis. When it comes to a complementary function of damages for non-pecuniary loss in the actual work, it is hard to assess the damages as it is difficult to objectify non-pecuniary loss, such as emotional distress. Though compensation for damages is major legal characteristics of consolation money, preventing a damage(private sanctions) through consolation for a victim or sanctions against an assailant also has great significance. Therefore, it is necessary to approach flexibly for mutual agreement by considering specialty( concrete facts) of individual issue thoroughly. If considering this aging society that limits the possible age for work to 60 years old, it is needed to have a complementary function of consolation money in mind not to make it less meaningful for victims due to small sum of consolation money.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.633-642
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• 2003

A pain is the symptom which defends against noxious stimulus about a human body, it is known that if the periphery of perceptive nerve were stimulated by a physical or chemical factors, the stimulation is induced by transmission to pain center in the cerebral cortex according to pain conduction tract. The treatment of pain is to decrease a stimulus that causes a pain or block off a nerve transmitting a stimulus or puts on a way to calm down pain center, but It is for adjustment of a pain to be the most representative in acupuncture among various ways to cure a pain in Oriental medicine. However, the analgesic effect of an individual response to acupuncture stimulation shows marked individual variations, so these days genetic a few approach is attempted. On this the author determined that the responding group was appointed those whose tail flick latency (TFL) responding time delayed the minimum of 30 % comparing with basal reaction time. For those whose TFL time had shorter than 30 % was grouped as a non-responding group. And then the hypothalamus of each group was dissected and RNA was further purified. After synthesizing cDNA using oligo dT primer, products were finally applied to the PCR. The results were as follows; The ratio of responding group to non-responding group was 6:4. Ach T (acetylcholinesterase T subunit), BF-I (Brain factor-I), DBH (Dopamine β-hydroxylase) and PNM (Phosphotidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase) were revealed significantly in the responding group. Cathepsin B and Tau were revealed significantly in the non-responding group. The PCR results show that Ach T, BF-I, DBH and PNM are expressed abundantly in the responding group, where as cathepsin B and tau are abundant in the non-responding group. These results suggest that the analgesic effect on acupuncture stimulation is related to regulation of neurotransmitter as well as neurodegeration of cerebrum.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.643-650
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• 2015

The use of conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells may be a feasible approach for regeneration of bone defects through secretion of various components of mesenchymal stem cells such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Mesenchymal stem cells secrete and accumulate multiple factors in conditioned medium under specific physiological conditions. In this study, we investigated whether the conditioned medium collected under hypoxic condition could effectively influence bone regeneration through enhanced migration and adhesion of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells. Cell migration and adhesion abilities were increased through overexpression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in hypoxic conditioned medium treated group. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was upregulated by microRNA-221 in mesenchymal stem cells because microRNAs are key regulators of various biological functions via gene expression. To investigate the effects in vivo, evaluation of bone regeneration by computed tomography and histological assays revealed that osteogenesis was enhanced in the hypoxic conditioned medium group relative to the other groups. These results suggest that behavioral changes of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells through microRNA-221 targeted-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression under hypoxic conditions may be a potential treatment for patients with bone defects.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2008

Medical imaging modalities to image either anatomical structure or functional processes have developed along somewhat independent paths. Functional images with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and staging of malignant disease, image-guided therapy planning, and treatment monitoring. SPECT and PET complement the more conventional anatomic imaging modalities of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. When the functional imaging modality was combined with the anatomic imaging modality, the multimodality can help both identify and localize functional abnormalities. Combining PET with a high-resolution anatomical imaging modality such as CT can resolve the localization issue as long as the images from the two modalities are accurately coregistered. Software-based registration techniques have difficulty accounting for differences in patient positioning and involuntary movement of internal organs, often necessitating labor-intensive nonlinear mapping that may not converge to a satisfactory result. These challenges have recently been addressed by the introduction of the combined PET/CT scanner and SPECT/CT scanner, a hardware-oriented approach to image fusion. Combined PET/CT and SPECT/CT devices are playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and staging of human disease. The paper will review the development of multi modality instrumentations for clinical use from conception to present-day technology and the application software.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.642-650
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• 2003

To develop a new approach to the treatment of neuroblastoma cells we evaluated the effect of cAMP on the Ewing's sarcoma cell line CHP-100. We observed that the proliferation-inhibitory effect of cAMP analogs was due to cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis, which was confirmed by observing the morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed that cAMP arrested the cell cycle progression at the G1 phase, which effects were associated with inhibition of phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and enhanced binding of pRB and the transcription factor E2F-1. cAMP also suppressed the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2 and cyclin E-associated kinase activity without changes of their expressions. Furthermore, cAMP induced the levels of Cdk inhibitor $p21^{WAF1/CIP1$ expression and p21 proteins induced by cAMP were associated with Cdk2. Overall, our results identify a combined mechanism involving the inhibition of pRB phosphorylation and induction of p21 as targets for cAMP, and this may explain some of its anti-cancer effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1360-1367
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• 2009

Liver fibrosis is a process of healing and scarring in response to chronic liver injury. Following injury, an acute inflammation response takes place resulting in moderate cell necrosis and extracellular matrix damage. To develop a novel therapeutic approach in hepatic fibrogenesis, we examined the simultaneous suppression of the transcription factors NF-$\kappa$B and Sp1, which regulate acute inflammation and continuous deposition of extracellular matrix in liver fibrosis. We employed chimeric decoy oligodeoxynucleotide containing the consensus sequences of both NF-$\kappa$B and Sp1 binding sites, to suppress these transcription factors simultaneously. Treatment of chimeric decoy oligodeoxynucleotide reduced the activity of hepatic stellate cells in vitro, and decreased the expression of fibrotic and proinflammatory gene responses in a mouse model of liver fibrosis. These results suggest that chimeric decoy oligodeoxynucleotide strategy can be a potential therapeutic application to prevent liver fibrosis.