• 청정기술
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 디메틸에테르(dimethyl ether, DME) 생산 공정에 포함되어 있는 이산화탄소 제거공정에서 이산화탄소 제거용 용매로써 노말 메틸 피로리돈(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP)수용액을 사용하는 공정에 대한 전산모사를 수행하였다. 한편, 이산화탄소 제거공정을 모사하기 위해서 Invensys 사의 PRO/II with PROVISION 9.1을 사용하였으며, 열역학 모델식으로는 NRTL 액체활동도계수 모델식과 Soave-Redlich-Kwong 상태방정식을 사용하였다. 그리고 기체 성분들의 NMP 용매에 대한 용해도 추산을 위해서 헨리의 법칙을 추가적으로 사용하였다. NRTL 액체 활동도계수 모델식의 이성분계 상호작용 매개변수를 결정하기 위하여 상평형 실험 데이터의 회귀분석을 수행하였으며 결정한 매개변수의 정확성은 실험 데이타와의 비교를 통해 검증하였다. 또한 재비기의 열 소모량을 최소화시키기 위한 최적의 원료 주입단 위치를 결정하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.586-590
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• 2012

본 연구는 다양하게 재배되고 있는 강활의 육묘이식 재배방법 중 추대억제에 효과적이면서 고품질의 약재생산이 가능한 육묘이식 방법을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 강활 재배에서 추대억제 및 고품질의 한약재 생산을 위하여 육묘이식 재배방법에 따른 수량 및 성분함량을 비교 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 지상부 생육은 야생종근이식과 노지육묘이식재배가 양호하였고 다음으로 트레이육묘이식, 직파재배 순이었으며, 추대는 직파와 트레이육묘 이식재배에서는 나타나지 않았고, 야생종근이식재배와 노지육묘이식재배가 각각 11.4%, 19.7%의 추대율이 나타났다. 수량은 트레이육묘 이식재배가 426 kg/10a로 가장 높았고, 직파재배가 187 kg/10a로 가장 낮았다. 강활근의 주요 성분은 oxypeucedanin, bisabolangelone이었고, 처리별 함량에서는 야생종근 이식재배가 전반적으로 다른 처리에 비해 낮게 나타났다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of master cast fabricated by using different impression methods at the different impression levels. Material and Method: The master model used in this study was resin block having low implant analogs. Impression method studied were 1) direct method on future level (Group FIX-D), 2) Indirect method on fixture level(Group FIX-I), 3) Modified indirect method on fixture level(Group FD(-M), 4) Direct method on abutment level(Group AB-D) and 5) Indirect method on abutment level(Group AB-I). Each of the five groups took 10 impressions. Fifty impressions were made for master cast by using Impregum $F^(R)$ impression material loaded on individual tray. Three dimensional measuring microscope was used to measure the inter-implant distance. Error rate of each inter-implant distance were calculated and evaluated. Results: The results were as follows. 1. Group FIX exhibited higher accuracy than group AB. 2 In group FIX, modified indirect method showed the highest accuracy, while indirect method showed the lowest accuracy. In group Ab, indirect method showed the higher accuracy than direct method. 3. Group FIX showed larger horizontal error than group AB. But, group AB showed the larger vertical error than group FIX. 4. Group Fix-M showed smallest vertical and horizontal error.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1993

Carbon dioxide enrichment for greenhouse crops has generally been a standard commercial practice for many years. Vegetable crops such as tomato, cucumber, and lettuce respond positively to the $CO_2$ enrichment. But improper $CO_2$ enrichment leads to physiological damage and economical loss. This study was carried out to develop a $CO_2$ concentration control algorithm considering growth stage and efficiency. The measurand was $CO_2$ consumption rate and top fresh weight that represents growth stage. The weight of top fresh lettuce as a whole in the tray was measured through a non-destructive method. The demand in $CO_2$ concentration according to growth stage was investigated. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The $CO_2$ consumption rate could be measured within the error of $\pm$ 15.4mg$CO_2$/hr in the range of $CO_2$ concentration of 500-1500ppm. 2. The weight of top fresh lettuce could be measured within the error $\pm$ 4.3g in the range of 0-1400g. 3. The $CO_2$ control model developed could determine an economical $CO_2$ supply rate considering $CO_2$ consumption rate and leakage rate. 4. The $CO_2$ control algorithm based on the control model was composed of feedforward control for maintaining a stable $CO_2$ concentration level, and feedback control with $CO_2$ consumption rate and top fresh weight for adapting to the change in $CO_2$ demand by growth stage. 5. For the performance test with the developed control algorithm on lettuce the decrease in $CO_2$ supply rate was obtained without a significant decrease in top fresh weight.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 유헬스용 요분석기를 개발하기 위한 선행 연구로서 요분석 스트립의 색변화를 측정할 수 있는 정색반응 전자회로를 개발하였다. 정색반응 시스템은 컴퓨터, 정색반응 전자회로, 트레이장치, 센서조합체 및 소프트웨어로 구성하였다. 요분석 스트립의 색 변화를 측정하기 위하여 칼라센서가 사용되기 때문에, 표준 색상지를 이용하여 칼라센서의 측정값과 RGB값 사이의 선형방정식을 수립하였다. 빨간색(R)의 회귀방정식은 $Red=0.2414{\times}x$(센서 값) - 3.0042($R^2=0.9801$)로 나타났고, 녹색(G)의 회귀방정식은 $Green=0.2857{\times}x$(센서 값) - 6.4251($R^2=0.9868$)로 나타났고, 파란색(B)의 회귀방정식은 $Blue=0.2114{\times}x$(센서 값) - 6.2743($R^2=0.9837$)으로 나타났으므로 표준색상지와 칼라센서는 높은 상관관계가 있는 것을 알 수가 있었다. 정색반응 시스템을 검증하기 위하여 요 성분 중 적혈구, 빌리루빈, 우로빌리노겐, 케톤, 단백질의 5가지 성분에 대하여 각기 다른 농도로 표준시약을 제조하여 정색반응을 측정하였다. 각 시약의 농도에 따른 칼라센서의 정색반응 결과가 통계적으로 타당한 결과를 보였고 유헬스용 요분석기 개발에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.593-605
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• 2004

An egg has been considered as one of the most important food sources because of it's nutritional superiority and reasonable price. With the complexity of egg flow system from production to consumption in Korea, preventive measures for egg safety have been required. Therefore, our study was carried out to analyze hazards for the egg under farm level and develope preventive measures with a purpose of obtaining egg safety. To analyze biological hazards, microbial contamination of egg(normal, dirty and cracked), water, feed, manure and equipments associated with laying were investigated. One isolate of Salmonella enteritidis and S. bardo were detected from the manure and dirty egg shell respectively. The sanitary conditions in the farm were surveyed by questionaries. Confirmation of vaccination for purchasing chicks and establishment of sanitary guidances for water and type of water suppliers ought to be preceded. Feed supplier systems including feed tanks, feed pipes and hoppers were known that their contamination might give it a chance to infect individuals and egg content and shell. The safe and rapid disposal of dead chickens and rodent were reported as more crucial factors to prevent infectious disease and manage good sanitation. Egg selector and collecting belt should be kept properly not to be contaminated from egg fluids and feces. It should be also considered that regular gathering of eggs, removal of dirty or cracked ones, storage under refrigeration and the use of disposable egg tray were continuously fulfilled. Conclusively, Our results suggested that HACCP-based system for providing fresh and safe eggs to consumers should be applied to the farm.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1997

본 연구는 육묘용 로봇 이식기를 개발하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 기계시각에 의한 결주 및 불량묘 판별은 72공 플러그묘판의 경우 98.8%, 128공의 플러그묘판의 경우 94.9%, 잎의 방향을 고려한 경우 72공의 플러그묘판의 경우 93.5%, 128공의 경우 91.0%의 정확도를 나타내었다. 2. 로봇 이식기의 기구부와 구동부를 개발하였고, 이를 제어하기 위한 제어기를 개발하였으며, 머니플레이터의 위치제어 정확도는 $\pm$ 1mm로 나타났다. 3. 잎의 방향을 고려하지 않은 이식방법에서의 이식성공률은 72공 플러그묘판의 경우 95.5%, 128공의 플러그묘판의 경우 94.5%로 나타났으며, 잎의 방향을 고려한 이식방법에서의 이식성공률은 72공의 경우 96.0%, 128공의 경우 95.0%로 나타났다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare with different distance across three conditions in stroke survivors with the grading of cognitive state. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twelve stroke patients who agreed to active participation were included. Participants were allotted to normal cognitive (CN) group (n=7) and cognitive impairment (CI) group (n=5) and then walked on a self-paced walkway at three conditions on the Time Up and Go (TUG) test and the 6 minute walk test (6MWT): 1) walking with your comfortable speed, 2) walking while carrying a tray with glasses, 3) walking with a verbal cognitive task. The TUG test was repeated three successful times on each condition. For the 6MWT, participants were tested one time. Results: The CI group walked slower than the CN group at the three conditions on the TUG test. However, there was no significant difference between two groups to each condition. A significant effect of dual tasking was found only in error of verbal cognitive task condition for the TUG test (p<0.05). On the 6MWT, the participants in the CI group walked short distance rather than the CN group (p<0.05). There were significant differences between two groups not only at all conditions but also at error of verbal cognitive task condition as well (p<0.05). Conclusions: To consider the results of different distances such as the TUG test and the 6MWT, we think that exercises in long distance would be more effective to patients with CI. Those would be improved patient's endurance in cognitive problem.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to compare two novel impression methods and a conventional impression method for edentulous jaws using 3-dimensional (3D) analysis software. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Five edentulous patients (four men and one woman; mean age: 62.7 years) were included. Three impression techniques were used: conventional impression method (CI; control), simple modified closed-mouth impression method with a novel tray (SI), and digital impression method using an intraoral scanner (DI). Subsequently, a gypsum model was made, scanned, and superimposed using 3D analysis software. Mean area displacement was measured using CI method to evaluate differences in the impression surfaces as compared to those values obtained using SI and DI methods. The values were confirmed at two to five areas to determine the differences. CI and SI were compared at all areas, while CI and DI were compared at the supporting areas. Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for all data. Statistical significance was considered at P value <.05. RESULTS. In the comparison of the CI and SI methods, the greatest difference was observed in the mandibular vestibule without statistical significance (P>.05); the difference was < 0.14 mm in the maxilla. The difference in the edentulous supporting areas between the CI and DI methods was not significant (P>.05). CONCLUSION. The CI, SI, and DI methods were effective in making impressions of the supporting areas in edentulous patients. The SI method showed clinically applicability.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.209-221
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• 2019

In this study, the changes in microbial communities of lamb meat packaged in the air (plastic tray, PT) and in a vacuum pouch (VAC) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) during the storage at $4^{\circ}C$. For the PT lamb, the total viable count (TVC) was $10^7CFU/g$ on Day 5, and the dominated bacteria were Pseudomonas fragi, P. fluorescens, and Acinetobacter spp. For the VAC lamb, the TVC was $10^7CFU/g$ on Day 9, and the dominated bacteria were lactic acid bacteria, including Carnobacterium divergens, C. maltaromaticum, and Lactococcus piscium. One strain of Pseudomonas spp. also appeared in VAC lamb. The relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in VAC lamb was higher than that PT lamb, indicating a more important role of Enterobacteriaceae in spoilage for VAC lamb than that of PT lamb. The microbial compositions changed faster in the lamb stored in a PT than that stored in a VAC, and microbial community compositions of the late storage period were largely different from those of the early storage period for both the conditions. The findings of this study may guide improve the lamb hygiene and prolong the shelf life of the lamb.