• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1267-1276
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• 2024

The emerging technologies at the industrial level have deployed rapidly within the energy transition process innovations. The nuclear industry incorporates several technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Digital Twins, High-Performance-Computing (HPC) and Quantum Computing (QC), among others. Factors identifications are explained to set up a regulatory framework in the digitalization era, providing new capabilities paths for nuclear technologies in the forthcoming years. The Analytical Network Process (ANP) integrates the quantitative-qualitative decision-making analysis to assess the implementation of different aspects in the digital transformation for the New-Energy Transition Era (NETE) with a Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development (NPID).

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.60-69
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• 2009

Recently, request far application of advanced commercial technology to the defense acquisition process, to reduce the budget and shorten development time, has been increased. To accomplish these goals, the Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration(ACTD) is used for the defense acquisition process in Korea. And User Utility Assessment is tested to make a decision for transition to acquisition process. But this process does not include measurement of technology maturity and impacts of interface and interaction among the technologies. In this research, we propose the needs of measurement of TRL and IRL and application of SRL to reduce the risk during development phase, to understand the relations of technologies, and to fulfill the requirement far transition of the ACTD project to system development and demonstration process.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1186-1191
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• 1997

Solvolyses of methanesulfonyl chloride (CH3SO2Cl) in water and methanol have been studied theoretically using ab initio self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) molecular orbital method. All stationary structures including transition state on the potential energy surface in solution have been found and compared with the gas phase structures. The overall reaction occurs via a concerted SN2 mechanism with a non-cyclic trigonal bipyramidal transition state, and the activation barrier is lowered significantly in solution. The transition state for the hydrolysis reaction is looser than that for the methanolysis reaction, and this is in accord with the experimental findings that an SN2 type mechanism, which is shifted toward an SN1 process or an SAN process in the hydrolysis and alcoholysis reaction, respectively, takes place. The catalytic role of additional solvent molecules appears to be a purely general-base catalysis based on the linear transition structures. Experimental barrier can be estimated by taking into account the desolvation energy of nucleophile in the reaction of methanesulfonyl chloride with bulk solvent cluster as a nucleophile.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.479-487
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was a grounded theory research aimed at generating a substantive theory that accounts for the explanatory social processes in which immigrant Korean single-mother families were engaged in the United States. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 immigrant Korean single mothers who were living with children under 18 years of age at the time of the interviews. Data collection guided by theoretical sampling and concurrent constant comparative analysis of the transcribed data was conducted to identify the core social process. Results: The emerged core social process was "living for the children," which represented the driving process by which these women made transition to their new lives as single-mother families. The major task throughout the entire transition was re-creating their families. The women's transition involved practical and psychological transitions. The practical transition involved three stages: assuring family survival, struggling between the father role and the mother role, and stabilizing. The psychological transition involved becoming strong and settling in with a new supportive network. Conclusion: Study results added to the literature by elaborating the women's emphasis on maternal identity and the resilience-provoking nature of the women's transitions.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2020

Purpose: The Life Transition Scale (LTS) consists of 24 items that assess the life transition process of parents of autistic children. This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the LTS in parents of children with a wide spectrum of disabilities. Methods: Data were collected from 260 parents of children with disabilities through self-report questionnaires. Validity was examined using exploratory and confirmative factor analysis to determine the factor structures of the LTS; socio-demographic differences in LTS scores were examined using the t-test or ANOVA. Reliability was examined using Cronbach's α coefficient. Results: A four-factor structure was validated (χ²=640.0, p<.001, GFI=.81, RMSEA=.07, NNFI=.89, CFI=.89, PNFI=.74, Q [χ²/df]=2.60). The validity of the LTS was verified by exploratory factor analysis, with factor loading ranging from .30 to .80. There were significant differences in the accepting phase according to children's and parents' age and the type of disability, and in the wandering phase according to parental gender, educational level, job, and socioeconomic status. The Cronbach's αs for the reliability of each of the four structures were acceptable, within a range of .80~.90. Conclusion: The LTS is a valid and reliable measurement to assess the life transition process of parents with disabled children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to identify differences in the life transition process of parents caring for children with autism according to parents' socio-demographic characteristics. Methods: Participants were 194 parents caring for children with autism. Data were collected from December 2013 to February 2014 through self-report questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 20.0. Results: Mean scores for despairing or accepting phases were higher than those for denying or wandering phases in the life transition process. According to parents' gender, educational level, and job, there were some significant differences in the denying and wandering phases. Differences in denying phase by education (p=.033), job (p=.004) were significant. Respondents with higher educational level, and having a job showed a lower level of denying than other respondents. Wandering phase differed significantly by gender (p=.009) and job (p=.001). Mothers and those who did not have a job showed a higher level of wandering than fathers and those who had a job. However, there was no difference in the despairing or accepting phases. Conclusion: The life transition phase of parents with autistic children needs to be assessed to provide differentiated and intensive support program and help them move to the accepting phase.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2003

일정 시간간격으로 품질을 측정하는 공정관리절차의 경제적 설계에서는 그 특성의 규명이 측정시점의 이산성 (discreteness) 때문에 복잡하고 어렵다. 이 논문에서는 공정 탐색 절차를 Markov 연쇄(chain)로 표현하는 과정을 개발하였고, 공정분포가 공정주기 내에서 발생하는 잡음과 이상원인의 효과를 설명할 수 있는 ARIMA(0,1,1) 모형을 따를 때에 Markov 연쇄의 표현을 이용하여 공정탐색절차의 특성을 도출하였다. Markov 연쇄의 특성은 전이행렬에 따라 달라지며, 전이행렬은 관리절차와 공정분포에 의해 결정된다. 이 논문에서 도출된 Markov 연쇄의 표현은 많은 다른 형태의 관리절차나 공정분포에서도 그에 해당하는 전이행렬을 구하면 쉽게 적용될 수 있다.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2017

We investigated the interface defect engineering and reaction mechanism of reduced transition layer and nitride layer in the active plasma process on 4H-SiC by the plasma reaction with the rapid processing time at the room temperature. Through the combination of experiment and theoretical studies, we clearly observed that advanced active plasma process on 4H-SiC of oxidation and nitridation have improved electrical properties by the stable bond structure and decrease of the interfacial defects. In the plasma oxidation system, we showed that plasma oxide on SiC has enhanced electrical characteristics than the thermally oxidation and suppressed generation of the interface trap density. The decrease of the defect states in transition layer and stress induced leakage current (SILC) clearly showed that plasma process enhances quality of $SiO_2$ by the reduction of transition layer due to the controlled interstitial C atoms. And in another processes, the Plasma Nitridation (PN) system, we investigated the modification in bond structure in the nitride SiC surface by the rapid PN process. We observed that converted N reacted through spontaneous incorporation the SiC sub-surface, resulting in N atoms converted to C-site by the low bond energy. In particular, electrical properties exhibited that the generated trap states was suppressed with the nitrided layer. The results of active plasma oxidation and nitridation system suggest plasma processes on SiC of rapid and low temperature process, compare with the traditional gas annealing process with high temperature and long process time.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.824-829
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• 2000

The industries use polymer materials for many purposes because they have many merits. But these materials' costs take up too much proportion in overall cost of products that use these materials as their major material. So it is very economical for polymer industries to reduce these costs. Microcellular foaming process appeared in 1980's to solve this problem and it proved to be quite successful. This process uses inert gases such as CO2, N2. As these gases are dissolved into polymer matrices. many properties are changed. Glass transition temperature is one of these properties. DSC, DMA are devices that measures this temperature, but these are not sufficient to measure the temperature of polymer containing gas. In this paper, we devised a new tester that uses magnetism. We used this device to acquire data of the change of glass transition temperature and made Cha-Yoon model that can predict the change of glass transition temperature. Using this model, the change of this temperature can be estimated as a function of weight gain of gas. Cha-Yoon model proved that Chow's model is inappropriate to predict the change of glass transition temperature of polymer matrices containing gas.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2014

Cathode materials and their precursors are prepared with transition metal solutions recycled from the the waste lithium-ion batteries containing NCM (nickel-cobalt-manganese) cathodes by a $H_2$ and C-reduction process. The recycled transition metal sulfate solutions are used in a co-precipitation process in a CSTR reactor to obtain the transition metal hydroxide. The NCM cathode materials (Ni:Mn:Co=5:3:2) are prepared from the transition metal hydroxide by calcining with lithium carbonate. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses show that the cathode material has a layered structure and particle size of about 10 ${\mu}m$. The cathode materials also exhibited a capacity of about 160 mAh/g with a retention rate of 93~96% after 100 cycles.