• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.539-543
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• 2009

This study lays its purpose on finding general trends in dental fear among adolescences at 15~17 years of age, differences in levels of dental fear according to temperament, and their causal relationships. The researcher made use of a questionnaire including tools questionnaire of survey - DFS, EAS - and then analyzed covariate structure modeling by using LISREL 8.12 after conducting univariate analysis by employing SPSS. Cronbach's reliability coefficients showed higher in DFS(0.957), EAS(0.916), and GFS (0.910), and females rather than males showed higher levels of dental fear, and of types of traits, trait III showed lower levels of dental fear than the others, and also the less perceived dental health status and the more recent experience in pain when treating dental disease and also the more broken dental appointments, the higher levels of dental fear showed with statistical significance. In addition, there showed a positive correlation between fear of dental treatment, a distrust of dentists, and a general feeling of fear.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.463-473
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• 2011

Purpose: Cervical cancer can be prevented by regular cervical screening. Embarrassment has been reported as one important barrier to cervical screening uptake. The absence of appropriate instrumentation, however, has limited our understanding of the links between embarrassment and health care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate psychometric attributes of the uterine cervical cancer screening embarrassment questionnaire. Methods: A convenience sample for field study was recruited from four gynecological clinics in Gyeongju, Korea. Within a cross-sectional descriptive design, 339 women who had cervical screening completed self-administered measures of embarrassment including a visual analogue, general medical embarrassment, dispositional embarrassment, and Pap smear related negative emotion. Results: Rasch analysis of items demonstrated the evidence of one-dimensional construct and good 7-point rating scales functioning. Factor analysis revealed that uterine cervical cancer screening embarrassment was comprised of two domains-bodily manifestations and perceiving an undesirable social face. Construct validity was demonstrated by a high subscale-to-subscale correlation. Convergent and discriminant validity was evidenced by significant correlations with a 100 mm VAS scale, general medical embarrassment, and Pap smear related negative emotion. Known-group validity was established by comparing women with high versus low trait embarrassment. Both two sub-scales and overall scale demonstrated good internal reliability. Conclusion: The Uterine uterine cervical cancer screening questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument suited to assessing the manifestations of embarrassment during screening. The use of instrument can be extended to understand the client's embarrassment undergoing health examinations which require the exposure of their private parts.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.43-43
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• 2019

The collection, evaluation and conservation of crop germplasm have been treated as one of the basics to breeding program. An understanding of genetic relationships among germplasm resources is vital for future breeding process like yield, quality, and resistance. In the present study, EST-SSR markers were employed to assess the polymorphism and genetic diversity of 192 accessions of Proso millet preserved in the National Agrobiodiversity Center of RDA. We evaluated the efficiency of EST-SSR markers developed for proso millet species. A total of 98 alleles were detected with an average allele number of 4.5 per locus among 192 proso millet millet accessions using 22 EST-SSR markers. The averaged values of gene diversity ($H_E$) and polymorphism information content (PIC) for each EST-SSR marker were 0.362 and 0.404 within populations, respectively. Our results showed the moderate level of the molecular diversity among the proso millet accessions from diverse countries. A phylogenetic tree revealed three major groups of accessions that did not correspond with geographical distribution patterns with a few exceptions. The less correlation between the clusters and their geographic location might be considered due to their type difference. Our study provided a better understanding of genetic relationships among various germplasm collections, and it could contribute to more efficient utilization of valuable genetic resources. The EST-SSR markers developed here will serve as a valuable resource for genetic studies, like linkage mapping, diversity analysis, quantitative trait locus/association mapping, and molecular breeding.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.461-469
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze the contribution of carcass traits (backfat thickness, eye muscle area, carcass weight and marbling score) and the season at slaughter to the price (auction and market) using squared semi-partial correlation. The season at slaughter (summer expressed as season_2, autumn as season_3, and winter as season_4) were added into the estimation as dummy variables, and spring was set as a default variable. In this study, the carcass grades of 22,298 Hanwoo steers slaughtered from 2012 to 2017 were used to performmultiple regression analysis. The rankings of the contribution of the carcass traits and the seasons at slaughter to the auction prices were in the order of marbling score (68.63%), season_4 (11.88%), backfat thickness (10.45%), eye muscle area (6.11%), season_3 (2.19%), season_2 (0.45%) and carcass weight (0.28%). (R-square of the regression = 0.4101). The rankings of the contribution to the total prices were in the order of carcass weight (51.74%), marbling score (32.12%), season_4 (6.04%), backfat thickness (5.54%), eye muscle area (3.22%), season_3 (1.14%), and season_2 (0.19%). (R-Square of the regression = 0.6486). As a result, season_3 and season_4 had a negative effect on the auction price and total price. Because of seasonal event such as Korean Thanksgiving Day and Korean New Year's Day on season_3 and season_4, much supply was needed to meet the high demand. Thus, the seasonal effect at slaughter could be another factor to be cosideredin when considering of slaughter or breeding.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.930-938
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• 2019

Objective: Estimate genetic parameters, the rate of inbreeding, and the effect of inbreeding on growth and egg production traits of a Thai native chicken breed Lueng Hang Kao Kabinburi housed under intensive management under a tropical climate. Methods: Genetic parameters were estimated for weight measured at four weekly intervals from body weight at day 1 (BW1D) to body weight at 24 weeks (BW24) of age, as well as weight at first egg, age at first egg (AFE), egg weight at first egg, and total number of eggs (EN) produced during the first 17 weeks of lay using restricted maximum likelihood. Inbreeding depression was estimated using a linear regression of individual phenotype on inbreeding coefficient. Results: Direct additive genetic effect was significant for all traits. Maternal genetic effect and permanent environmental hen effects were significant for all early growth traits, expect for BW24. For BW24, maternal genetic effect was also significant. Permanent environmental hen effect was significant for AFE. Direct heritabilities ranged from 0.10 to 0.47 for growth traits and ranged from 0.15 to 0.16 for egg production traits. Early growth traits had high genetic correlations between them. The EN was lowly negatively correlated with other traits. The average rate of inbreeding for the population was 0.09% per year. Overall, the inbreeding had no effect on body weight traits, except for BW1D. An increase in inbreeding coefficient by 1% reduced BWID by 0.09 g (0.29% of the mean). Conclusion: Improvement in body weight gain can be achieved by selecting for early growth traits. Selection for higher body weight traits is expected to increase the weight of first egg. Due to low but unfavorable correlations with body weight traits, selection on EN needs to be combined with other traits via multi-trait index selection to improve body weight and EN simultaneously.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.457-466
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlations among emotional perception clarity, emotion regulation, family relationship, non-suicidal self-injury, and depression, and to determine associated factors of non-suicidal self-injury and depression for senior elementary school students. Methods: Data were collected from 150 early adolescences in K region, Korea. A self-report questionnaire consisted of Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Family Relationship Assessment Scale, Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation, and Children's Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, logistic regression, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Non-suicidal self-injury and depression were positively associated with maladaptive emotion regulation strategy and family conflict, but negatively related to emotional perception clarity and family support. Adaptive emotion regulation strategy and family togetherness were only significantly correlated with depression. In logistic regression analysis, significant predictors of non-suicidal self-injury were emotional perception clarity, maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, and family support. Multiple regression analysis found that significant factors of depression were adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, which explained 38.0% of the variance. Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that targeted intervention to reinforce the adaptive emotion regulation strategy and family relationship may prevent non-suicidal self-injury, and depression for senior elementary school students.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2020

Growth tests on the Wando and Baengnyeongdo cultivars of Saccharina japonica were performed at the Myeongcheon and Gyedo aquafarms, Goheung in Jeollanamdo, from February to July in 2003. Five environmental conditions and 2 traits were measured monthly. The data were used to analyze the growth patterns, relationships between traits and principal component. Box plots were used to display the growth patterns. Scatter plots and regression and correlation coefficients were used to determine the strength of relationships between the traits. A principal component analysis revealed that the first principal component explained more than 91.4% and 90.5% of the total sample variance in the Myeongcheon and Gyedo aquafarms. From the viewpoint of the economic traits (blade length, blade weight), the growth of populations from the Gyedo aquafarm was stronger than that of those from the Myeongcheon aquafarm, and the growth of the Baengnyeongdo cultivar was superior to that of the Wando one.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.483-493
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• 2022

It is important to improve the efficiency of plant breeding and crop yield to fulfill increasing food demands. In plant phenotyping studies, the capability to correlate morphological traits such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf angle and size of panicle of the plants has an important role. However, manual phenotyping of plants is prone to human errors and is labor intensive and time-consuming. Hence, it is important to develop techniques that measure plant phenotypic traits accurately and rapidly. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of point cloud data based on a 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system for plant phenotyping. The obtained results were then verified through manually acquired data from the sorghum samples. This study measured the plant height, plant crown diameter and the panicle height and diameter. The R² of each trait was 0.83, 0.94, 0.90, and 0.90, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 6.8 cm, 1.82 cm, 5.7 mm, and 7.8 mm, respectively. The results showed good correlation between the point cloud data and manually acquired data for plant phenotyping. The results indicate that the 3D LiDAR system has potential to measure the phenotypes of sorghum in a rapid and accurate way.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.107-118
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• 2022

Human can rapidly detect and deal with dangerous elements in their environment, and they generally manifest as attentional bias toward threat. Past studies have reported that this attentional bias is affected by anxiety level. Other studies, however, have argued that children and adolescents show attentional bias to threatening stimuli, regardless of their anxiety levels. Few studies directly have compared the two age groups in terms of attentional bias to threat, and furthermore, most previous studies have focused on attentional capture and the early stages of attention, without investigating further attentional holding by the stimuli. In this study, we investigated both attentional bias patterns (attentional capture and holding) with respect to negative emotional stimulus in neurotypical adults and adolescents. The effects of anxiety level on attentional bias were also examined. The results obtained for adult participants showed that abrupt onset of a distractor delayed attentional capture to the target, regardless of distractor type (angry or neutral faces), while it had no effect on attention holding. In adolescents, on the other hand, only the angry face distractor resulted in longer reaction time for detecting a target. Regarding anxiety, state anxiety revealed a significant positive correlation with attentional capture to a face distractor in adult participants but not in adolescents. Overall, this is the first study to investigate developmental tendencies of attentional bias to negative facial emotion in both adults and adolescents, providing novel evidence on attentional bias to threats at different ages. Our results can be applied to understanding the attentional mechanisms in people with emotion-related developmental disorders, as well as typical development.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2001

Bandwidth and Pitch Range are very important in the area of distinguish of phone which is one of many areas of phonetics and distinguish the individual way of phone. So if each constitution has a trait in its phone, they are important to judge the constitutions. In this report we try to understand the relativity between constitutions and Formant Bandwidth, Pitch Range and the number of syllables in a minute which are important to distinguish the phone. And we try to make judging the constitutions objective. 1. We analyzed Formant Bandwidth and there are some differences between constitutions but it doesn't have any importance in the statistics. 2. We analyzed Pitch Range and there are some differences between constitutions but it doesn't have any importance in the statistics. 3. We analyzed the number of syllables in a minute and there are some differences between constitutions but it doesn't have any importance in the statistics. As mentioned above there are differences between constitutions in Formant Bandwidth, Pitch Range and the numbers of syllables in a minute, but they don't have any importance in the statistics. However if we increase the number of samples and remove noise, there will be great possibility to find some important meanings.