• Title/Summary/Keyword: traders

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An Empirical Study on Trade Facilitation by the Korean Government's Single Window System

  • Cheolkyu Maeng
    • Journal of Korea Trade
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.101-118
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    • 2023
  • Purpose - Korea became a trillion-dollar trading country in 2011. With the exponential increase in Korea's trade volume over the past decades, trade-related administrative burdens per capita for Korea Customs became enormous, for which the government established the Single Window, a trade-facilitating system, in 2004 to enhance the efficiency of customs-clearing procedures for traders. This paper focuses on finding whether the Korean Single Window system affects the country's trade facilitation positively through an empirical methodology. Design/methodology - To find empirical evidence that Single Window affects trade facilitation for the customs-clearing procedure, this study assumes that a time-efficient environment enables the handling of the increase in trade volume, under which four independent variables related to import customs-clearing procedures and two dependent variables to import were adopted for empirical analysis. The import customs procedures are classified into four steps from port entry to declaration acceptance. To understand the relationship between variables, scattered plots and correlation coefficients were calculated. Eight hypotheses were set and underwent simple linear regression. The data for analysis were collected by Korea Customs, and were about the lead time of import, the volume of imports in million USD, and the number of import declarations reported to customs offices on a monthly basis from 2005 to 2013. Findings - Six of the eight hypotheses showed the statistically significant result that lead time in the import customs-clearing procedure positively affects the number of import declaration reports and import volume. Specifically, Hypothesis 1, Hypothesis 2, and Hypothesis 3 strongly support the assumption lead time in import customs declaration has an inverse relationship with the number of import declarations, which means that the shorter the import lead time, the more import declaration increases. Research Limitations/Implications - With limited data accessibility to the government's custom-sclearing procedures, only the import lead time for customs clearance were adopted as independent variables. This paper, however, successfully found that the Single Window system contributed to trade facilitation. Originality/value - This study found that the time-saving Single Window system of Korea Customs enables itself to manage an exponentially-increasing trade volume by creating a trade-facilitating environment for customs personnel and traders, which may be a unique implication found through quantitative methodology.

전통시장 및 인접구역의 생계형 노점상 관리방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on Management Measures of Street Vendors in the Vicinity of Traditional Markets)

  • 김영기
    • 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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    • 제15권5호
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    • pp.155-174
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    • 2010
  • 노점상은 도시 저소득층의 주요한 생계수단이며 일종의 자구적 실업대책이기도 하다. 노점상은 전통시장 활성화를 둘러싸고 긍정적인 측면과 부정적인 측면을 동시에 가지고 있고 이러한 노점상의 이중적인 측면으로 노점상에 대한 문제 인식에 각 이해집단 간 혼란이 있는 것이 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 노점상 특징을 분석하여 이에 대한 문제점을 파악하고, 관련 이해집단들의 관계를 분석하여 노점상의 효과적인 관리방안을 제시하였다. 기존의 노점상 관리 방법이 단속과 정비를 중심으로 이루어져왔기 때문에 노점상과 정부당국과의 관계는 상호 협조적이지 못했으며, 노점상은 정부 정책에 대한 불신으로 인해 조직적으로 대응하는 현상까지 나타나고 있다. 노점을 하나의 유통형태로 인정한다는 전제 하에 노점상을 관리하는 방법은 양적, 질적, 조직적으로 다양하게 접근할 수 있겠으나, 모든 접근방법이 일시에 단면적으로 시행하는 것은 바람직하지 않다. 아직까지 팽배해 있는 노점상들의 정부 정책에 대한 불신 때문에 성급하고 무리한 제도권 유입을 위한 노력은 심각한 오해와 부작용을 낳을 수 있기 때문이다. 정책적으로 보더라도 정책의 형성단계와 집행단계에 있어 시의성이 요구되기 때문에 무리한 정책의 추진은 성과로 연결되기 힘들며 단계적 접근방법이 요구되듯, 노점상에 대한 정부의 관리 정책 또한 단계별 시행이 요구된다. 노점상 관리방안은 단기, 중기, 장기적으로 마련될 수 있다. 단기방안은 노점상들의 불신을 줄이고 그들에게 정책적·제도적 부담을 최소화 시키는 방안과 사업들이 마련되어야 하며, 중기방안은 노점상들을 질적으로 성장시켜 많은 노점상들이 본격적으로 제도권 안으로 유입될 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 한다. 장기방안은 노점상들이 정부의 정책에 성공적으로 안착하고 이를 지속적으로 유지할 수 있도록 관리해 나가는데 도움이 되는 방안들로 구성되어야 한다. 또한 노점상과 관련된 정책은 다양한 이해관계자와 다양한 시각의 사업이 필요하기 때문에 포괄적인 노점상 관리를 위해서는 많은 이해관계자와 사업들이 유기적으로 연계되어 시행되어야 한다.

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CODEX 규격(規格)과 잔류물질(殘留物質) (Resides and the CODEX Standards)

  • 박종명
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 1996
  • Food-borne illnesses remain a world-wide public heath problem, Codex food standards, codes of practice and other guidelines protect consumers from unsafe food. Codex Alimentarius helps to reach this goal by combining consumer protection with food production and trade. Codex provides reassurance to anyone anywhere that foods produced according to its codes of hygienic practice and complying with its standards are safe and nutritious and offer adequate health protection. The Codex Alimentarius Commission is a science-based, international organization. Its standards, guidelines and recommendations are recognized world-wide for their vital role in protecting the consumer and facilitation international trade. At the same time they allow food producers, processors and traders access to markets by breaking down artificial nontariff barriers to trade.

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CVRP를 위한 에이전트 기반 Shipment 알고리듬 개발 (Agent-based Shipment Algorithm for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Load Balancing)

  • 오석찬;이상태;김태운
    • 대한산업공학회지
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.200-209
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    • 2006
  • Load building is an important step to make the delivery supply chain efficient. We present a family of load makeup algorithms using market based control strategy, named LoadMarket, in order to build efficient loads where each load consists of a certain number of finished products having destinations. LoadMarket adopts Clark-Wright algorithm for generating initial endowment for Load Traders who cooperate to minimize either total travel distance or the variance with respect to the travel distances of loads by means of the spot market or double-sided auction market mechanism. The efficiency of the LoadMarket algorithms is illustrated using simulation based experiments.

전략물자 자율준수제도의 무역에 대한 효과 분석 (An Empirical Study on the Impact of Compliance Program on Trade)

  • 김현지
    • 무역상무연구
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    • 제74권
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    • pp.105-124
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    • 2017
  • This study aims to present the effects of the introduction of the Compliance Program in Korea on real trade and its implication by empirical analysis. First, through regression analysis based on the data of the amount of permitted export by CP items (HSK10 units) during the period of 2010-2016 in Korea, it is revealed that the increase in export license of CP enterprises has a relatively greater effect on the increase in total imports by item. Second, since the introduction of the rating system under the optional CP in 2014, the increase in export licenses of CP companies has had a greater impact on the total export growth by items than before. Also, it is analyzed that the increase of export permission of CP companies has a relatively less effect on the increase of total imports by item than that of total exports. The results of this empirical analysis show that CP has a positive effect on exports and imports, but it needs to be supplemented in terms of efficiency.

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Value Addition Span of Silkworm Cocoon - Time for Utility Optimization

  • Reddy, R. Manohar
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.109-113
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    • 2008
  • Realizing the scope of utilizing by-products of silk cocoons by applying appropriate methods is the immediate crave to optimize returns. The nutritive value of pupae suits for human diet, feed for poultry, carps, fish, rabbits, piggery and dogs. The pupal skin, fat, oil, cocoon palade have applications in oleo chemical, soap, glycerin, cosmetic, artificial fibres, membranes and n-triacontanol isolation. The pupal proteins Chitin, Shinki fibroin, Serrapeptidase, glucosamine are latent precursors of post surgical, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammative, anti-bacterial, anti-histaminic, gastric, hepatitis, pancreatitis, leukocytopenia, neurological, ophthalmic, blood pressure, cardiac and diabetic medicines and for preparation of vitamins A, E and K. The silk and its proteins sericin and fibroin are potentially used for wound healing, diabetes, impotence, sinusitis, arthritis, edema, cystitis, epididymitis, tissue regeneration, cancer, post-surgical trauma and used as anti-oxidatives, bio-adhesives, ultra violet screens and bio-active textiles. The waste cocoons can be used in making art crafts like garlands, carpets, overcoats, decoratives and greeting cards. The in-depth research towards utility optimization and make aware this reality to sericulturists, reelers, weavers, traders, entrepreneurs, policy makers etc., is the upright want of the today's Sericulture industry.

UCP 600 운송서류 규정의 실무상의 유의점에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Some Points for Practical Attention of Transport Documents in the UCP 600)

  • 박석재
    • 무역상무연구
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    • 제43권
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    • pp.101-115
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    • 2009
  • More than two years have passed since the latest UCP, Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 2007 Revision, ICC Publication No.600 became valid on July 1, 2007. There has been a lot of confusions in connection with the interpretation of the new UCP since July 1, 2007. Especially the transport document articles of the new UCP are the most confusing ones. Therefore, this work intends to study some points for practical attention of transport documents in the UCP 600. Transport documents can be divided into two kinds of documents such as marine transport documents and other transport documents. But most sellers and buyers distinguish two kinds of transport documents : the document of title and the document of non-title. Most traders consider the document of title importantly and ignore the document of non-title.

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한.중 국제중재제도의 비교와 시사점 (The Comparisons on the International Arbitration Systems between Korea and China)

  • 오원석;이경화
    • 무역상무연구
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    • 제46권
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    • pp.315-350
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    • 2010
  • The rapid growth of Korea-China trade that was since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992, led China to surpass the United States and Japan to become Korea's largest trading partner in 2009. "The largest trade" also means "the most disputes", so it is essential to study on dispute settlement and enforcement system of the two. Therefore, in order to make the traders correctly understand and use the arbitration as a dispute settlement method in both China and Korea, this article makes a comparative study on arbitration system between the two countries. And finally, it analyzes the enforcement situation of arbitral award in China, then provides the author's personal recommendations as a countermeasure against the poor enforcement system in China.

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분산시스템에서 객체공유를 위한 상호협력모델 (A Cooperation Model for Object Sharing in Distributed Systems)

  • 정진섭;윤인숙;이재완
    • 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국해양정보통신학회 1999년도 춘계종합학술대회
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    • pp.224-229
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    • 1999
  • 이질적인 네트워크를 기반으로한 분산 객체지향 환경에서 대규모의 시스템 증가로 인한 분산객체들의 관리의 복잡성을 해결하기 위하여 분산객체들간의 효과적인 상호협력정책들이 필요하게 되었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 트레이더의 설비, 목적과 목적의 가중치에 따른 세가지 다른 상호협력 모델(단순협력(light weight trader), 단순교섭(simple negotiation), 연합(federation))을 살펴보므로써 클라이언트에게 보다 나은 서비스 속도 제공 및 선택의 폭을 넓히기 위한 트레이딩 상호협력을 제안했다.

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우리나라 수산업의 유망직종 예측과 개발에 관한 연구 (A Study on Prediction and Development of Prospective Fisheries-Related Jobs in Korea)

  • 김삼곤
    • 수산해양교육연구
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.36-45
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to explore new fisheries-related jobs in the future. The study is based on a thorough literature review and in-depth interviews with experts in the fisheries industry. The major findings of the study were as follows: First, new fisheries-related jobs that surpass the fitness rating of 90% and earn more than 3 on the prospect scale are expected to be found mostly in professional fishery sectors. In the production and processing sectors, fishery quality control manager, marine product cooks, and raw fish cooks looked most promising. In the fishery marketing and distribution section, on the other hand, marine tour consultants, marine product distribution consultants, underwater guides, online marine product traders, marine sports consultants, and marine safety specialists ranked high on the list.