• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.423-427
• /
• 2000

Total arsenic in drinking water such as spring, small water-supply system and mineral water was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The contents of total arsenic were analyzed after acidification by nitric acid to become 1% in water samples. According to the results, total concentration of arsenic in drinking water was below 30ppb.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.509-516
• /
• 2014

This study describes a reasonable planning method for water meter replacement which can minimize the metering under-registration for an increasement of revenue water. The increment analysis of real water usage was used to establish a replacement plan. The meter replacement database collected from K City was used as the basis of this analysis. The database included 964 connections of domestic and non-domestic consumers that had their meter replaced by aging at 2011. The result showed that the corelation between unregistered water volume and water meter age was lower than commonly expected where the current criteria of replacement is only water meter age(8 years) excluding the meters older than 13 years. And in the analysis result of water usage for 8 years, the total amount and increment of water usage had a significant effect on unregistered water volume. However the relation was different tendency as a total volume and slope of increment. In case of total water volume was larger than 10,000, larger than 7,000 and increment of 0.0 ~ -0.3, larger than 6,000 and increment more than -0.3 were analysed to need a replacement because of metering under-registration.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.359-367
• /
• 2003

The total pollution load management system of watershed has been implemented upon Special Law pertaining to the Han River Watershed Water Quality Improvement and Residents Support, Special Law pertaining to the Nakdong River Watershed Water Management and Residents Support, Special Law pertaining to the Youngsan River Watershed Water Management and Residents Support, and Special Law pertaining to the Seomjin River Watershed Water Management and Residents Support in Korea since 2002. But many other similar systems with total pollution load management system of watershed are being operated separately or independently, even though its purpose is nearly same with those of the total maximum pollutants load management in Law on Water Quality Environmental Protection, environmental impact assessment(EIA) in Law of Impact Assessment on Environment, Transportation and Disaster and Pre-environmental assessment of Environmental Policy Act. Therefore the contents of total pollution load management system of watershed and many other related systems could be overlapped and at some times have inconsistency among them. This study suggests first the integrated operation of total pollution load management system of watershed, EIA, pre-environmental assessment, urban planning, and sewage planning and secondly EIA system development by integration of EIA and pre-environmental assessment and strategic environmental assessment(SEA).

• Food Engineering Progress
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.342-345
• /
• 2010

The purpose of current study was to examine bioaccessibility of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in each part of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.). In vitro biomimicking system simulated human digestive fluid was employed in order to measure bioavailable anti-oxidative effect and phenolic content. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content was measured by using the DPPH method and the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, respectively. Stem of water spinach had a higher DPPH free radical scavenging effect (5.43 mg/mL for $IC_{50}$) than leaf (5.95 mg/mL for $IC_{50}$), while leaf had a greater level of total phenolic content (287.45 ${\mu}g$ GAE/mL) than stem (216.45 ${\mu}g$ GAE/mL). Bioaccessible antioxidant capacity and digestive stability of total phenolic content showed a similar pattern to what found in raw materials. Our result also indicated that total phenolic content was not found to be a major marker for prediction of antioxidant activity. It is plausible that other constituents such as vitamin E and C in water spinach could be contributors for antioxidant activities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.395-404
• /
• 2019

The point-of-use water dispenser systems are widely used because of convenience in handling and demand for high-quality drinking water. The application has been increased recently in the public places such as department stores, universities and the rest areas in express ways. Improvement of water qualities by the dispenser systems was compared with tap water in this study. The tap water is supplied to the dispenser as the influent of the dispenser system. The twelve dispensers in the public places were used. The five dispensers used reverse osmosis as the main filter and other dispensers used various filters such as ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and alumina filter. The water quality indicators for sanitation safety, i.e., turbidity and total coliforms, were evaluated. Other water qualities such as pH, residual chlorine, heterotrophic plate count (HPC), and total cell counts were also analyzed. By the point-of-use water dispenser, the turbidity, residual chlorine and pH were decreased and the HPC and total cell counts were increased. The t-test results revealed that the HPC of the tap waters were not significantly different from the treated waters but the total cell counts of the two groups were significantly different. The low pH of the RO filter treatment was also significantly different from the tap waters. This study will contribute to understand the role of the point-of-use water dispenser in improving water quality and to identify key water quality for the proper maintenance of the dispenser systems.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.127-132
• /
• 2005

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix on the components of serum and liver and the effects on the antioxidant system. For this purpose, five experimental groups were set up. And for fat source, perila oil enough with unsaturated fatty acid and beef tallow enough with saturated fatty acid were supplemented to the rats together with hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radixs. Five experimental groups kept eight Sprague-Dawley rats respectively. They were CO group supplemented with basic diet of AIN-93, PO group supplemented with perila oil, POA group supplemented with perila oil and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix, BT group supplemented with beef tallow, and BTA group supplemented with beef tallow and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix. The results were; 1) Final weight, weight gain, fluid intake and FER were not different significantly among the experimental groups, 2) Significant difference of food intake was observed(p<0.05) in BTA group only, 3) No significant difference was observed in serum total lipid, serum triglyceride and HDL cholesterol among experimental groups. Serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were significantly low(p<0.05) in the group supplemented with beef tallow which was with hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix (BTA group). 4)Liver total cholesterol in liver was low in groups supplemented with perila oil and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix. In summary, hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix did not affect the weight gain, fluid intake and food efficiency ratio among the experimental groups, but had an effect of lowering food intake, serum total cholesterol and serum LDL cholesterol significantly in the groups which were supplemented with beef tallow and hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix. The effect of lowering liver total cholesterol with the supplementation of hot water soluble extract from AnRelicae Radix was observed in perila oil group only. The effect of lowering cholesterol with the supplementation of hot water soluble extract from Angelicae Radix was observed both in serum and in liver.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.148-152
• /
• 2020

The quantitative accuracy of dry rehydratable film method was compared with the standard culture method to analyze the applicability of dry rehydratable film in the total aerobic bacteria test for water. The materials used in this study were 500 cases of water and were tested according to the Korean official test method for drinking water. The mean value of the total aerobic bacteria in plate count agar(PCA) and MC-Media Pad AC(MAC) were 2.6 ± 1.1 Log cfu/mL and 2.6 ± 1.2 Log cfu/mL. The p value and correlation coefficient(R²) were 0.933 and 0.9985 between the PCA and MAC, respectively, indicating no significant difference and very high correlation. According to the water types, the p value and R² were 0.887 and 0.9911 in the PCA and MAC. In the purified water, the p value was 0.973 and R² was 0.9934 in the PCA and MAC of other water. In each type of water, there were no significant differences between the PCA and MAC, and the correlation was very high. Thus, it is suggested that the MAC would be available for total aerobic bacteria test for water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.940-944
• /
• 1998

This research was performed to investigate the effect of Codonopsis lanceolata water extracted on the levels of lipid in serum and liver of rats fed high fat diet for 6 weeks. Experimental groups were divided into normal group(NF), high fat diet group(HF), high fat diet and Codonopsis lanceolata water extract treated group(HFW). Codonopsis lanceolata water extract was orally administrated at the level of 0.1ml/100g body weight per day. Body weight gain and feed intake were not significantly different in three groups, but feed efficiency ratio was increased in HF and HFW. The weights of liver, kidney, heart were not significantly different among the groups. The level of serum total lipid was higher in HF than NF, but Codonopsis lanceolata water extract decreased the level of the lipid. The levels of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly increased in HF, but they were significantly decreased by administration of Codonopsis lanceolata water extract. The levels of serum HDL-cholesterol and phospholipid were slightly increased by Codonopsis lanceolata water extract. Codonopsis lanceolata water extract significantly decreased the levels of liver total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol which were increased by high fat diet.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.426-435
• /
• 2012

The variation of stream flow is the one of the most important factors which influence on that of water quality in the unit watershed. The target water quality goal is established and permissible load is allotted in the base of the standard flow condition along with its water quality for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). A standard flow selected could cause problems in the load allotment if it was not properly arranged. This study reviewed the acquisition of water quality data, the self-variation and the retainability in water quality on the specific flow conditions. This study also proposed the median and the adjusted average flow condition out of general flow conditions as alternative standard flow conditions. It is considered that the alternatives can make the water quality data easily acquired and the water quality representativeness more enhanced on the standard flow conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.148-158
• /
• 2014

In order to assess the effect of TMDLs management and improve that in the future, it is necessary to analyze long-term changes in water quality during management period. Therefore, long term trend analysis of BOD was performed on thirty monitoring stations in Geum River TMDL unit watersheds. Nonparametric trend analysis method was used for analysis as the water quality data are generally not in normal distribution. The monthly median values of BOD during 2004~2010 were analyzed by Seasonal Mann-Kendall test and LOWESS(LOcally WEighted Scatter plot Smoother). And the effect of Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDLs) management on water quality changes at each unit watershed was analyzed with the result of trend analysis. The Seasonal Mann-Kendall test results showed that BOD concentrations had the downward trend at 10 unit watersheds, upward trend at 4 unit watersheds and no significant trend at 16 unit watersheds. And the LOWESS analysis showed that BOD concentration began to decrease after mid-2009 at almost all of unit watersheds having no trend in implementation plan watershed. It was estimated that TMDLs improved water quality in Geum River water system and the improvement of water quality was made mainly in implementation plan unit watershed and tributaries.