• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 1992

To investigate the seasonal effects on physiological responses of human body, clothing micro-climate, and subjective sensation, selected the cloths the most frequently dressed by men in spring and fall, and completed wearing trials in the climatic chamber. The results are as follows: 1. Rectal temp. ranged 36.8-37.1$^{\circ}C$ in either spring or fall, and no seasonal effect was found. 2. In skin temp., there was no seasonal effect in forehead, abdomen, and forearm. Skin temp. of chest was higher in spring than in fall. On the contrary, reverse was true in high and leg. Average skin temp. ranged 32.2-33.2$^{\circ}C$ in spring and 32.9-34.$0^{\circ}C$ in fall. 3. Average total sweat rate of spring, 79.4g/hr, was smaller than that of fall, 110.9g/hr. 4. Clothing temp. ranged 28.1-32.8$^{\circ}C$ in spring and 27.6-31.$0^{\circ}C$ in fall. Clothing humidity ranged 36.9-48.9% in spring and 38.2-51.1% in fall. Therefore, clothing microclimate was higher during fall than during spring. As results, skin temp. of the body core except chest did not show seasonal variation, but there was obvious seasonal variation in skin temp. of the extremities. Therefore, seasonal variation should be take into consideration in the experiments related to the cloth. In addition, standard for each season and the degree of work performance should be re-established in clothing micro-climate.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2008

This study was founded to identify the differences of the stress responses according to Sasang Constitutions(the Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin) of female college students. The subject were 226 the regular female students who majored in nursing in Kyungbuk, Kimcheon. Tools used in this study were the Questionnare for the Sasang Constitution Discrimination and the Scale for the Stress Response which were revised in some parts. The values of Cronbach's alpha for the Questionnare for the Sasang Constitution Discrimination and the Scale for the Stress Response were $0.45{\sim}0.73$ and $0.66{\sim}0.85$ respectively. The collected data was anaylyzed with the SPSS 10.0 windows statistical program. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The constitutions were shown in the order of Taeumin(45%), Soyangin(28%), Soumin(18%) and Taeyangin(9%). 2. There were significant difference in the stress response for Depression(p<.05), Anxiety(p<.05), Emotional irritability(p<.01) and the Total stress response(p<.05) according to the Sasang Constitutions (the Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin). In conclusion, it is needed to find out an effective ways of treating stress individually to apply Sasang Constitutions to a new esthetic treatment.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.355-366
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• 2012

This paper analyses the sensory responses of Chinese female consumers towards different designs of perfume bottles with particular attention to the existence of logos on them. We used total 40 samples of the perfume bottles, 20 with logos on them and 20 without, and the results show that young Chinese female consumers prefer simple designs over complex designs that contain different types of free curves with vivid colors. In addition, the existence of logos on bottles was found not to change the responses significantly, meaning that the logos on bottles do not affect sensibility of Chinese female towards perfume bottles. A logo's impacts on the bottle depended in part on the bottle's color and shape. Overall, a perfume bottle with simple shapes and light colors became regarded as more resplendent when the logo was added, but a bottle with more complex shapes and vivid colors tended to become regarded as plainer after adding the logo. This shows that a logo serves as a conciliatory element in the impression of the whole bottle in the 'resplendent-plain' category.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

Background : The purpose of this study was to understand healthcare workers' perception of patient safety culture and medical error reporting to provide basic resources for the settlement of patient safety culture in medical institutions in Korea. Methods : For this purpose, convenience sampling by self-selection was applied to healthcare workers at a university hospital in Gyeonggi-do and a total of 482 people responded. The survey used the translated version of AHRQ in Korean and distributed through the Intranet system of the hospital. Result : The ratio of positive response was low overall. Among the responses, the response for 'Nonpunitive Response to Error' was the lowest at 17.7%, followed by the responses for 'Staffing' at 21.3%, 'Handoffs & Transitions' at 32.9%, and 'Communication Openness' at 44.3%. In result of surveying whether the responders have reported patient safety incidents during the past 12 months, 68.3% responded 'not once.' Conclusion : The perception of healthcare workers' patient safety culture and medical error reporting, when compared to AHRQ, was lower overall. It is important for healthcare workers to pay greater attention to patient safety to create a safe hospital culture where they do not punish or criticize related individuals or departments.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.227-239
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to obtain the nonlinear and post-buckling responses of relatively thick functionally graded plates with oblique elliptical cutouts using a new semi-analytical approach. To model the oblique elliptical hole in a FGM plate, six plate-elements are used and the connection between these elements is provided by the well-known Penalty method. Therefore, the semi-analytical technique used in this paper is known as the plate assembly technique. In order to take into account for functionality of the material in a perforated plate, the volume fraction of the material constituents follows a simple power law distribution. Since the FGM perforated plates are relatively thick in this research, the structural model is assumed to be the first order shear deformation theory and Von-Karman's assumptions are used to incorporate geometric nonlinearity. The equilibrium equations for FGM plates containing elliptical holes are obtained by the principle of minimum of total potential energy. The obtained nonlinear equilibrium equations are solved numerically using the quadratic extrapolation technique. Various sets of boundary conditions for FGM plates and different cutout sizes and orientations are assumed here and their effects on nonlinear response of plates under compressive loads are examined.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.175-188
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• 2010

This paper deals with the buckling and postbuckling responses, and the progressive failure of square laminates of symmetric lay-up with a central rectangular cutout under in-plane shear load. A detailed investigation is made to show the effects of cutout size and cutout aspect ratio on the buckling and postbuckling responses, failure loads and failure characteristics of $(+45/-45/0/90)_{2s}$, $(+45/-45)_{4s}$ and $(0/90)_{4s}$ laminates. The 3-D Tsai-Hill criterion is used to predict the failure of a lamina while the onset of delamination is predicted by the interlaminar failure criterion. In addition, the effects of boundary conditions on buckling loads, failure loads, failure modes, and maximum transverse deflection for a $(+45/-45/0/90)_{2s}$ laminate with and without a square cutout have been presented. It is concluded that because of early onset of delamination at the net section of cutouts before first-ply failure, total strength of the laminate with very small cutouts can not be utilized.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Plant Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.5-19
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• 2018

Recently, utilizing the supply chain among companies, major companies support their sub-vendors to establish an environmental management system and transfer the clean production technology(know-how) to them for strengthening of environmental competitiveness. Thus, Green Supply Chain Management(GSCM) became a key successful factor for companies to be environmentally sustainable. This research endeavors to identify the relationship among the inside and outside GSCM implementation activities of Korean manufacturing companies and their financial, operational and environmental performances. Based on a the review of previous research findings, twenty one hypotheses are developed and examined. Total 251 valid responses from 1,634 survey responses are identified and the structural equation models(SEM) are developed and analysed for examining our hypotheses. The result shows that inside GSCM has a positive effect on outside GSCM. Also, it reveals that companies' performances are more positively affected by inside GSCM than by outside GSCM.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.363-370
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• 2017

In this study, Quercus acutissima seedlings were subjected to drought for 30 days then analyzed to determine their response to water deficit. The growth phenotype, chlorophyll fluorescence response, fresh weight, dry weight, photosynthetic pigment levels, soluble sugar content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured to evaluate the effects of drought on plant growth and physiology. The growth phenotype was observed by infrared (IR) digital thermal imaging after 30 days of drought treatment. The maximum, average, and minimum temperatures of drought-treated plant leaves were $1-2^{\circ}C$ higher than those of the control. In contrast, the fresh and dry weights of the dehydrated leaves were generally lower than those of the control. There were no significant differences between treatments in terms of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels. Nevertheless, for the drought treatment, the $F_v/F_m$ and $F_v/F_o$ ratios (chlorophyll fluorescence response) were lower than those for the control. Therefore, photosynthetic activity was lower in the dehydrated plants than the control. The drought-stressed Q. acutissima S0536 had lower soluble sugar (glucose and fructose) and higher MDA levels than the controls. These findings may explain the early growth and physiological responses of Q. acutissima to dehydration and facilitate the selection of drought-resistant tree families.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.810-818
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• 2020

A moored floating structure may exhibit resonant motion responses to low-frequency excitations. Similar to the resonant responses of many vibration systems, the motion amplitude of a moored floating structure is significantly affected by the damping of the entire system. In such cases, the damping contributed by the mooring lines sometimes accounts for as much as 80% of the total damping. While the damping induced by catenary mooring lines is well-investigated, few studies have been conducted on the damping induced by taut mooring lines, especially one partly embedded in soil. The present study develops a simple but accurate model for estimating the damping contributed by mooring lines. A typical type of taut mooring line was used as the reference and the hydrodynamic drag force and soil resistance were taken into consideration. The proposed model was validated by comparing its predictions with those of a previously developed model and experimental measurements obtained by a physical model. Case studies and sensitivity studies were also conducted using the validated model. The damping induced by the soil resistance was found to be considerably smaller than the hydrodynamic damping. The superposition of the wave frequency motion on the low-frequency motion was also observed to significantly amplify the damping induced by the mooring lines.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.17-28
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to confirm the strategic direction of the firm regarding the capabilities of the organization and its employees in order to increase the utilization and business performance of employees by that introduce smart factories in the domestic manufacturing industry. Research design, data, and methodology: This study derived a structured research model to confirm the mediating effect of recognition responses between the quality characteristics of smart factories and dynamic capabilities. For the analysis, a total of 143 valid questionnaires were used for 200 companies that introduced smart factories from domestic SME's. Results: Quality Characteristics of Smart Factory and Dynamic Capabilities had a statistically significant effect on Usefulness. Recognition Response had a statistically mediating on the relationship between quality characteristics of smart factory and business performance. Recognition Response had a statistically significant effect on business performance. Conclusions: It suggests that firms introducing smart factory reflect them in their empowerment strategic because the recognition responses of its employees differ according to the quality characteristics and dynamic capabilities of smart factories. It also means that the information derived from the smart factory system is useful and effective to business performance and employees.