• Agribusiness and Information Management
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.10-20
• /
• 2015

This study aims to compare and analyze the differences of emotional responses between two types of e-magazines published - one with cinemagraph images and another with general still images. To conduct this study, a total of nine pages were prepared with different contents according to each theme and samples of e-magazine with a total of nineteen sections of images were exposed to a total of thirty persons of subjects. Fifteen persons were assigned to the experimental group viewing the cinemagraph images, and other fifteen persons were assigned to the control group viewing the general still images. As a result of the experiment, the emotional responses of the experimental group and the control group were significantly different. Twenty-eight items of positive emotional responses out of forty-two items of the emotional responses were more found in the experimental group, and fourteen items of negative emotional responses affected the control group more. In the experimental group where the differences in the mean value and significant differences were found, negative emotional responses were not examined but fourteen positive emotional response items such as Loveliness, Merriness, Freshness, Activeness, Attractiveness, Powerfulness, Heartwarming, Joyfulness, Interesting, Confidence, Excitement, Cheerfulness, Humorousness, and Amazement were found; in the control group, positive emotional responses were not found but three items of negative emotional responses such as Ambiguousness, Stuffiness, and Boredom were found.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
• /
• pp.146-146
• /
• 1998

The present study was designed to examine the effect of total ginseng saponin on contractile responses of vasoconstrictors in the rat aorta. Phenylephrine (an adrenergic ${\alpha}$$_1$-receptor agonist) and high potassium (a membrane depolarizing agent) caused greatly contractile responses in the rat aorta, respectively. However, in the presence of total ginseng saponin (600 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$), the contractile responses of phenylephrine (10$\^$-5/ and 10$\^$-7/ M) and high potassium (3.5 ${\times}$ 10$\^$-2/ and 5.6 ${\times}$ 10$\^$-2/ M) were markedly potentiated whereas prostaglandin F$\sub$2${\alpha}$/ (5 ${\times}$ 10$\^$-6/ M)-induced contractile response was not affected. The contractile responses induced by phenylephrine (10$\^$-5/ M) and high potassium (3.5 ${\times}$ 10$\^$-2/ M) even in the presence of total ginseng saponin (600 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) were greatly inhibited by the pretreatment of nicardipine (10$\^$-6/ M), a calcium channel blocker. Taken together, these experimental results suggest that total ginseng saponin can enhance the contractile responses evoked by stimulation of adrenergic ${\alpha}$$_1$-receptor and the membrane depolarization in the rat aorta, which seems to be associated to calcium influx.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.251-257
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acclimation responses of Tamarix chinensis to cold stress. We evaluated the acclimation responses by measuring biomass, daily elongation rate, chlorophyll content, and total soluble carbohydrate content. The plant samples comprised leaves from seedlings of 2 different ages (8 and 12 weeks); the leaves were collected 0, 2, and 4 weeks after cold treatment. We found that the cold-treated samples showed reduced daily elongation rates and chlorophyll content. Further, these samples showed more than 8-fold increase in the total soluble carbohydrate content. However, the seedling ages did not have a significant influence on the growth of cold-treated seedlings. On the basis of these findings, we can conclude that T. chinensis seedlings aged less than 1 year old show acclimation to cold stress by accumulating soluble carbohydrates. This study may help us understand how T. chinensis seedlings acclimatize to their first cold season.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 1999

요 약：본 연구의 목적은 주의력 결핍/과잉행동 장애 아동의 실행 능력을 비교 집단인 신경증 집단과 비교하고자 하였으며, 특히 연령 변화에 따른 실행 능력의 변화를 비교 고찰하였다. 방 법：대상은 DSM-IV 진단준거에 의하여 ADHD로 진단 받은 아동들로, 연령 범위는 6세에서 16세까지의 아동 87명(남자 77명, 여자 10명)이다. 대조군은 경미한 우울 장애, 경미한 불안 장애를 보이는 19명의(남자 14명, 여자 5명) 아동들로 이하 신경증 집단으로 분류하였다. 모든 아동에게 1：1로 WCST를 실시하였으며, Heaton(1981)의 방식을 computer version으로 실시하였다. 연구에서 측정한 WCST의 종속측정치는 총시도횟수, 정반응수, 오반응수, 보속반응수, 보속오류수, 첫 범주를 마치는데 요구된 시도수, 유지실패수, 완성된 범주수 이다. 이때, 연령 및 진단을 함께 고려하여 이원변량분석(2-way ANOVA) 및 t-test 검증을 실시하였다. 결 과：ADHD 집단과 Neurosis 집단 간에 WCST의 수행을 비교한 결과는 정반응수, 오반응수, 비보속 오류수, 개념반응, 완성된 범주수에서 두 집단 간에 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다. 연령에 따라 WCST의 수행을 비교한 결과 총시행수, 오반응수, 보속 반응수, 보속 오류수, 비보속 오류수, 완성된 범주수, 첫범주 완성 시도수에서, 의미있는 차이를 나타내었다. 결 론：ADHD 집단은 대조군에 비하여, 외부 feedback에 맞춰 자신의 반응을 수정해 가는 능력이 부족하며, 자기-통제를 하지 못한 채 무작위적인 반응을 했을 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 하지만 보속 오류수, 보속 반응수에서는 차이가 나타나지 않고 있어 이에 대한 해석에 주의를 요하고 있다. 또한 연령 변화에 따라 실행 능력 전반에 걸쳐 변화가 나타나고 있다는 것은 실행 능력을 연구할 때 발달적인 측면이 꼭 고려되어야 함을 시사한다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.183-189
• /
• 1999

This investigation is to determine whether the surface complexation of iron influence acute pulmonary responses induced by silica. For this study, three varieties of cation complexed silica were used: $silica-H^+,\;-Zn^{2+},\;and\;-Fe^{3+},$ since the first two are not active in the transport of electrons and generate little free radicals relative to the dust with the surface iron. Rats (270 to 280 g) were intratracheally (IT) instilled with saline, $silica-H^+,\;-Zn^{2+},\;or\;-Fe^{3+}$(5 mg in 0.5 ml saline). After 4 h, cell number, type, and differentiation were analysed in the bronchoalveolar lavage cells, and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total protein were determined in the lavage fluid. In addition, bronchoalveolar lavage cells were cultured, and nitric oxide production was measured using nitrate assay. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in the bronchoalveolar lavage cells was also determined by northern blot analysis. Differential counts of the lavage cells showed that red blood cells were increased by 9-, 8-, and 13-fold and total leukocytes (lymphocytes plus polymorphonuclear neutrophils) by 48-, 36-, and 33-fold, following IT $silica-H^+,\;-Zn^{2+},\;and\;-Fe^{3+},$ respectively compared with the saline group. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in red blood cells and total leukocytes among any of the cation complexed silica groups. The levels of LDH and total protein in the lavage fluid were significantly increased by 3- to 4-fold. However, compared among these silica groups, $Fe^{3+}$? complexation did not significantly change the LDH activity and total protein. NO production in cultured bronchoalveolar lavage cells was elevated by 2-fold, following IT any of the silica treatments compared with the saline group. Furthermore, the steady-state levels of iNOS mRNA in the lavage cells were greatly increased. There were any differences in iNOS mRNA expression among the silica-treated groups as with NO production. These findings suggest that surface complexed iron may not influence the acute pulmonary responses resulted from 4h exposure to silica.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.217-232
• /
• 2003

Purpose : This paper was attempted to identify the job stress related factors among the staff nurses and to provide the basic data concerning development of stress management program focused on hospitals. Method : The subjects were 309 staff nurses at two general hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected with self-reported questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS-PC+10.0 for descriptive analysis, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression, factor analysis. Results : The subjects exhibit significantly highest level of 'the participation in decision making factor'. The mean score of 'control coping strategies' was higher than 'avoid coping strategies'. The mean scores of social support and stress responses were high. The main factor that affected the stress responses was 'the job characteristic factor' and it was explained 23.0% out of the total variance of the stress responses. Also, it would be explained 42.6% out of the total variance of the stress responses with 'the control coping strategies, work overload factors, social support, and participation in decision making factors'. Conclusion: For developing the hospital- focused stress management program for staff nurses, 'the participation in decision making factors' and 'the job characteristics' should be considered. Also, the organizational efforts and supports should be required to support and use of 'control coping strategies' of nurses

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제24권5호특별호
• /
• pp.518-530
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of pre-service primary teachers' justifying their hypotheses about the brightness of electric bulbs. They conducted their experiments and wrote their experimental results and ideas on their worksheets. The worksheets for generating and evaluating scientific hypothesis were analyzed. Most of them generated the consumption hypothesis and designed the experiments to confirm their hypotheses or directly measure without the change of experimental conditions. The responses for valid experimental designs were $74\%$ of total responses. The $62\%$ of total responses was valid prediction for experimental results. The $60\%$ of pre-service teachers described the experimental results correctly. But other teachers described the biased results or inappropriate results. The $54\%$ of them refuted hypotheses and the $36\%$ confirmed their hypotheses. The theory-based responses were $51\%$ and the evidence-based responses were $47\%$. The $64\%$ of them proposed the possibility of the alternative hypothesis after testing their hypotheses. This study also discussed the implications of these findings for teaching and Loaming in science education.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.111-127
• /
• 2010

This paper studies the effects of spatially varying ground motions on the responses of a bridge frame located on a canyon site. Compared to the spatial ground motions on a uniform flat site, which is the usual assumptions in the analysis of spatial ground motion variation effects on structures, the spatial ground motions at different locations on surface of a canyon site have different intensities owing to local site amplifications, besides the loss of coherency and phase difference. In the proposed approach, the spatial ground motions are modelled in two steps. Firstly, the base rock motions are assumed to have the same intensity and are modelled with a filtered Tajimi-Kanai power spectral density function and an empirical spatial ground motion coherency loss function. Then, power spectral density function of ground motion on surface of the canyon site is derived by considering the site amplification effect based on the one dimensional seismic wave propagation theory. Dynamic, quasi-static and total responses of the model structure to various cases of spatially varying ground motions are estimated. For comparison, responses to uniform ground motion, to spatial ground motions without considering local site effects, to spatial ground motions without considering coherency loss or phase shift are also calculated. Discussions on the ground motion spatial variation and local soil site amplification effects on structural responses are made. In particular, the effects of neglecting the site amplifications in the analysis as adopted in most studies of spatial ground motion effect on structural responses are highlighted.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.271-275
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the current status of the use of neglect test tools and the awareness for egocentric neglect (EN) and allocentric neglect (AN). Methods: A survey questionnaire was distributed to occupational therapists attending continuing education at the Daegu-Gyeongbuk branch on April 16. A total 143 responses were collected, and with the exception of 5 incomplete responses, 138 of them were analyzed. Results: The most commonly used unilateral neglect test tools were the line bisection test (86 responses, 62.3%), cancellation test (35 responses, 25.4%), copy and drawing test (7 responses, 5.1%). In a follow-up survey of 86 respondents who used line bisection tests as the most commonly used test, the majority (82 responses, 95.3%2) were found to use the 20-line test paper. In question about the familiarity and education experience for test manual, only 20 responses (23.2%) and 3 responses (3.5%) answered 'Yes'. In a question about the experience of a manual and the article for the manual, 25 responses (29.1%) answered 'Yes'. In the question regarding the separation of EN and AN on the unilateral neglect test, 44 responses (31.9%) were 'distinction' and 94 responses (68.1%) were 'no distinction'. Conclusion: Information on the guidance and interpretation of the line bisection test is lacking and the concept of EN and AN was insufficient.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 고려인삼학회 1980년도 학술대회지
• /
• pp.245-249
• /
• 1980

Total saponins extracted from Panox ginseng have no effect on the cytotoxic T-cell activity, and natural killer cell activity in mice infected with A/WSN influenza virus. The saponins, however suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to the virus and to sheep erythrocytes when administered to the animal before sensitization. Thus a prophylactic anti-inflammatory action of the total saponins of ginseng is observed, which may be related to their steroid-like structure.