• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2004

This study was investigated to the seasonal variation of attached diatoms communities in the Hantan River in November 2001, February, Ma and August 2002. It was identified the total 107 taxa which were composed of 95 species, 11 varieties and 1 unidentified speCies. The standing crops ranged 298,5004,776,000cells${\cdot}cm^{-2}.$and showed marked irregularly seasonal variations. It was higher value at the lower station than the upper station in fall. But it was similar values from the upper to the lower station by the effect of typhoon in summer. Chlorophyll concentrations ranged $13.4~304.2{\mu}m{\cdot}cm^{-2}.$ Standing crops and chlorophyll showed similar trends during investigation. Low diversity index values probably indicated the effects of envi~onmental stresses(water temperature, flow and current velocity) other than organic pollution. An assessment of organic pollution using epilithic diatoms(DAlpo) was $\alpha$-oligosaprobic states at the upper and mid stations, and was $\alpha$-mesosaprobic states at the lower stations.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

Chungju reservoir is a multipurpose dam lake located at the upstream of Nm Han river and known as having the biggest watershed and the second water volume in korea. Conclusions are made as follows. 1. Environmental characteristics of the reservoir appear to be as follows. Chungju reservoir has long hydaulic retention time, 60-160 days. Water column has oxygen depletion zone in hypolimnion. Chungju reservoir is found to be in the midst of eutrophication. Chlorophyll-a and other physical parameters are found to be significantly dependent. 2. Nitrogen to phosphorus ratio was 50-350 for the water samples taken from the reservoir in 1996. It is very important clue for water quality management in relation to phytoplankton growing kinetics. Variations in chlorophyll-a contents appear to be related closely to total phosphorus concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 1993

To furnish basic data for the utilization of leaf mustard as a raw material of salted and fermented vegetable food, the contents of carotenoids and chlorophylls of Dolsan Leaf Mustard(DLM) were investigated. Total carotenoid content of DLM was 4.75 mg%, and the compositions were ${\beta}-carotene(80.91%)$, lutein(13.07%), lutein epoxide(3.93%). The contents of chlorophyll a and b were 4.1 and 1.5 mg%, and leaf was 7.4- and 8.1-fold, respectively, higher than leaf stalk. The ratios of chlorophyll a/b in leaf (2.7:1) and leaf stalk(3.0:1) were similar to those of other vegetables.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.146-158
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• 2022

Changes in physiological and biochemical patterns in lucerne plants caused by the presence of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia', which is one of the significant pathogens causing yield losses in lucerne plants, were investigated. Significant differences were evident in total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and protein amounts between 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'-positive and negative lucerne plants. Stress-related metabolites such as phenol, malondialdehyde, and proline accumulations in 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'-positive plants were remarkably higher than those of phytoplasma-negative plants. As a response to disease attack, phytoplasma-positive plants exhibited higher antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and catalase) and nonenzymatic metabolite responses such as jasmonic and salicylic acids. We state that partial disease responses were revealed for the first time to breed resistant lucerne lines infected by 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.4 s.161
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• pp.264-268
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• 2005

Chlorophyll contents in Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) needles of an advance growth stand and a plantation were compared using 80% acetone and DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide). Total chlorophyll contents in DMSO were 4-6 times higher than those in 80% acetone. There were no significant differences in chlorophyll contents between two stand types in both 80% acetone and DMSO. It appeared that 6 hours in DMSO would be appropriate to successfully extract chlorophyll from Korean pine needles of advance growth and planted trees.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.6 no.1_2
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• pp.27-36
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• 1973

The effect of water activity on degradation of pigments in dried lavers, Porphyra tenera Kjellm. was examined when stored at room temperature for fifty days. Chlorophyll pigment was extracted with methanol-petroleum ether mixture solvent(2:1 v/v), partitioned in ether, and analysed spectrophotometrically at 662 nm as chlorophyll a. The degradation products of chlorophyll were isolated on sugar-starch column(85:15 w/w) with n-propanol-petroleum ether solution(1:200 v/v) as a developing solvent. The isolated green colored zones were analysed individually at the wavelengths of 650, 662, and 667 nm as allomerized product, chlorophyll a retained, and pheophytin formed respectively. Carotenoida were also extracted with the methanol mixture solvent, partitioned in ether, and finally redissolved in acetone after the evaporation of ether in a rotary vacuum evaporator. The total carotenoid content was measured as lutein at 450 nm. From the results, it is noted that the rate of chlorophyll degradation reached a minimum at 0.11 to 0.33 water activity while progressively increased at higher moisture levels resulting in rapid conversion of chlorophyll to pheophytin. At lower activity, autocatalysed oxidizing reaction like allomerization seemed prevailing the acid catalysed conversion reaction. The loss of carotenoid pigment was also greatly reduced at the range of 0.22 to 0.34 water activity with much faster oxidative degradation at both higher and extremely lower moisture levels. These two moisture levels indicated above at which the both pigments exhibited maximum stability are considerably higher than the BET monolayer moisture which appeared 7.91 percent on dry basis at Aw=0.10 calculated from the adsorption isothermal data of the sample at $20^{\circ}C$. The rate of pigment loss in heat treated samples at 60 and $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours prior to storage somewhat decreased, particularly at higher moisture levels although the final pigment retention was not much stabilized.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.3
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• pp.331-338
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• 2009

This present study was conducted to investigate photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll contents, and growth performances of containerized seedling and bare root seedling of Quercus acutissima growing under different fertilizing schemes. Both of containerized seedling and bare root seedling of Quercus acutissima showed good photosynthetic capacity and apparent quantum yield in the seedlings applied with one gram refining fertilizer (each of N, P, and K is 19%) diluted in one liter water. And chlorophyll contents also showed higher in the seedlings applied with the above fertilization scheme. The seedlings also showed good relative growth performances of root collar diameter, seedling height, total biomass, and leaf area in the some treatment scheme. In most of the treatments, containerized seedlings showed better photosynthetic capacity, apparent quantum yield, chlorophyll contents, and growth performances than bare root seedlings.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.spc
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• pp.12-16
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• 2005

Seasonal change in cell number and biomass expressed as chlorophyll a of picophytoplankton community in surface waters was investigated in the north basin of Lake Biwa from September 2001 to November 2002. Two main peaks, in May and summer (from July to October), were observed by change of the cell density of picophytoplankton. It is considered that peak in May was due to water temperature rise and summer peak was attributed to mass-specific nutrient uptake by picophytoplankton. Horizontal distribution in cell number and biomass of picophytoplankton community in surface water of Lake Biwa was investigated at 56 stations on June 6 ${\sim}$ 7 2002. DIN and DIP concentrations were lower in the north basin than in the south basin. The cell density and chlorophyll a of picophytoplankton were distributed almost uniformly in all area. The contribution of picophytoplankton to total phytoplankton chlorophyll a was higher in the north basin than in the south basin. These results suggest that picophytoplankton is important as a primary producer in low nutrient periods and areas of Lake Biwa.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 1991

The effect of gamma irradiation on physico-chemical properties of salted sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida) was investigated. Chlorophyll and carotenoid pigment of salted sea mustard were partially decreased by irradiation. However there was no significant difference in the retention rate of pigment between control and 2 kGy-irradiated samples after six months of storage at around $10^{\circ}C$, ranging values of 74 to 77% in chlorophyll and 54 to 56% in carotenoid. Total organic acids and volatile acids associated with the organoleptic quality of sea mustard increased in the samples of lower salt concentrations and of higher storage temperatures. The softening of sample tissue by irradiation was shown to be correlated with the extraction properties of alginic acid.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.715-724
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• 2003

Distributional patterns of microalgae were studied in the tidal flats of Gamami Beach(Young-Gwang, Korea) from November 1999 to 2000 July. The tidal flats of Gamami Beach was composed mainly of sandy sediment. The concentrations of nutrients were low compared with other tidal flats. In the present study, 68 species of microalgal flora were identified. These were comprised of 25 species of benthic microalgae and 59 species of planktonic microalgae. Diatoms predominated the benthic microalgae with 96.0% of total species occurred. Dominant species were Amphora sp., Cocconeis sp., Coscinodiscus asteromphalus, Coscinodiscus sp., Nitzschia sigma var. intermedia, Nitzschia distans, Navicula spp., Paralia sulcata, Pleurosigma sp. Skeletonema coastatum, and Surirella sp. Among them, Amphora sp., Paralia sulcata, and species of Pleurosigma and Nitzschia were observed throughout the studied period. Planktonic microalgae of Gamami Beach was also predominated by diatoms. They occupied 88.1% of total planktonic microalgae. The density of microalgal population was higher in silty sediment than in sandy sediment. The population density of microalgae was higher in high tide zone than that in low tide zone. The density of the benthic microalgae in the surface layer of tidal flats showed increasing tendency for 2 hours after the beginning of ebb tide. On the contrary, benthic microalgal density of subsurface layer was decreased during the period. Concentrations of chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ from sediment and water were not synchronized during the study period. Therefore, the distributional patterns of the benthic microalgae and planktonic algae seemed not to be related. Chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ of water was highly related with the concentration of NH$_4$-N, whereas, chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ of sediment uas related with NO$_3$-N concentration.