• 공연문화연구
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• 제25호
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• pp.5-30
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• 2012

한국에 영화가 전래된 시기는 분명치 않으나 1903년 6월로 받아들이고 있다. 또한 한국영화의 효시에 대한 논쟁은 김도산의 연쇄극 <의리적 구토>(1919년)를 영화로 인정하느냐 아니면 연극으로 인정하느냐의 문제이었다. 조선에 연쇄극이 처음 들어 온 것은 일본 세토나이카이 일행의 <선장의 처>로 알려져 있지만 또 다른 설은 1915년 10월 16일 대한매일신문의 연재소설을 무대화한 미쯔노 강게쓰 일행의 <짝사랑>이 부산의 부산좌에서 공연된 것이 처음으로 밝혀졌다. 서울에서는 1917년 3월 14일부터 황금관에서 <운명의 복수>가 무대에 올랐다. 연쇄극은 우리의 독창적인 공연형식이 아니다. 연쇄극이 조선연극계에서 전성을 누렸던 시기는 1919년 10월 27일 단성사에서 공연된 김도산의 <의리적구토>부터 3년 정도에 불과하다. 연쇄극의 공연형식은 연극이 진행 되는 중에 영화를 순차적으로 보여주는 특별한 극형식이다. 연극이 기존의 예술을 종합한 종합예술이라면 연쇄극은 새로운 매체인 영화까지 무대에 도입한 새로운 종합예술(총체예술)로서 확대연극으로 평가할 수 있다. 한마디로 연쇄극의 영상 도입은 영화적 행위의 삽입이며 연극적 표현의 확대기능으로서 새로운 공연예술로서 총체예술의 관점에서 논의되어야 한다. 현재 연쇄극의 학술적 연구가 미미한 상황에서 연극으로서 연쇄극인가 또는 영화로서 연쇄극인가의 개념 정의는 우선 연쇄극의 정체성과 그 미학적 확립이 요구된다. 조선영화 비평가, 임화는 연쇄극 필름을 영화라고 부를 수 없는 것은 활동사진을 영화라고 부르지 못한 것 이상이다. 라고 연쇄극의 정체성에 대해 부정적으로 언급했다. 그는 연쇄극이 활동사진만치 독립된 작품도 아니고 연극의 보조수단에 불과한 영화의 한 태생에 그치는 것이라고 연쇄극을 연극으로 결론 내렸다. 조선영화 초창기의 대표적 감독인 안종화 역시 연쇄극이 무대에서는 도저히 실연할 수 없는 야외활극 같은 것을 촬영해서 연극 장면에 적당히 섞어서 상영하는 것으로 보았다. 당시 연쇄극이란 연극과 활동사진이 결합된 형식의 공연물로 영화는 연극의 보조수단으로 보았다. 공간이 제한된 연극무대로는 표현하기 곤란한 정경이나 극적인 장면들을 야외에서 촬영하였다가 무대공연시 필요한 대목에 극장 내의 불을 끄고 백포장에 영사하다가 다시 불을 켜고 무대공연을 계속하는 식의 공연양식이었다. 연쇄극은 작품에 있어서도 진지한 연구가 없이 일본 연쇄극의 제작방식을 그대로 답습하여 그 내용에서도 신파극의 잔재를 그대로 이어받았다. 당시 일간지 지상에서는 연쇄극이란 개량신파극의 모방이므로 약식있는 연극인들이 가질 무대가 아니라는 혹평을 연일 게재하였다. 본 논문의 연구목적은 연극이냐 영화이냐의 정체성이 불분명한 연쇄극의 형식미학을 논의하고자 한다. 논의 과정으로서 연쇄극의 등장 배경과 공연형식 그리고 새로운 공연 예술로서 연쇄극을 총체예술적 관점에서 고찰한다. 그 결과 연쇄극은 영화가 아닌 확대 연극의 개념으로 규명하고 새로운 공연예술로서 재평가하고자 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.880-885
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• 2010

Purpose: The recent trends of multiple births (MBs) conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) in Korea were analyzed as well as the relationship with maternal age, especially advanced maternal age. Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service and annual ART reports from the ART committee of the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Results: MBs increased from the early 1990s; there was a 275% increase by 2008. The number of total live births was 448,153 and MBs accounted for 10,767; the MB rate was 24.0% in 2006. Among 2,326 deliveries conceived by ART, multiple deliveries accounted for 786 (33.8%). The total number of live births with ART was 3,125 and 1,585 (50.7%) of them were MBs. During 2006, 14.7% of the entire MBs in Korea were associated with ART. The proportion of women of advanced maternal age was much higher in the ART group than in the total live birth group. Conclusion: MBs in women of advanced maternal age have been increasing in Korea with the use of ART. The results of this study showed that ART was a significant factor associated with the increase in MBs in Korea.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.100-115
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• 2014

This study examined the history of nail art in 20th century, defined characteristics of many techniques used on nails, and analyzed how those techniques have been utilized in recent nail art works. For the method of the study, books and previous studies on nail art were examined as primary sources, and newspaper articles on nail art were studied as references. Then, the case studies were conducted on photographs of nail art works published in Nail Holic in 2012. As a result of analyzing expression techniques of nail art featured on Nail Holic, there had been a total of 517 works created using a single technique. The reason why hand painting is used very frequently is because artists can draw unique images of their own to create various designs according to their tastes. Rhine stone is also very popular, because stones are easy to apply and various in their shapes and colors. There were a total of 555 works created using two or more techniques. The most important point to examine is that hand painting, rhine stone, and 3D art were most popular among all techniques. These works featured highly various effects and images by combining flat effect of hand painting with three-dimensional effects of rhine stone or 3D art. The tendency can also be found in the fact that there have been many works using techniques of flat effects such as decal or marbling combined with techniques of three-dimensional effects such as rhine stone or 3D art.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2020

This paper is a study of culture and identity expressed in textile art works of the age of globalization, centering on the Beijing International Fiber Art Biennale. This study began with the idea that globalism would develop regional cultural diversity as well as contribute to the field of art. In 2000, the Beijing International Fiber Art Biennale held its first large exhibition, and a total of 10 biennales were held from then until 2018. Get an understanding of the Beijing International fiber art Biennale, and select award-winning works from one to ten times to learn about cultural characteristics and identity. The analysis was based on the works of awards from China and Japan, including Korea, which are the center of East Asian culture. The Beijing International Fiber Art Biennale has steadily increased the number of participating countries, writers and works, and once again opened the stage for the revival of textile art following the Lausanne International Tapestry Biennale. Through the Beijing International Fiber Art Biennale, textile artists hope to promote world harmony in textile art, respect cultural diversity and conduct equal dialogue between East and West cultures.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.183-197
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study, the researchers closely investigated the psychosocial problems faced by terminal cancer patients and their family members in hospice palliative care units. Methods: The investigators conducted four sessions of art therapy intervention programs for the terminal cancer patients and their family members, carried out in-depth interviews about the influence of the cancer experience on their family function and quality of life, and analyzed their experiences using grounded theory methodology. Results: After providing autonomous written informed consent, six pairs of terminally ill cancer patients and their family members, accounting for a total of 17 participants with the inclusion of additional family members who took part sporadically, took part in the art therapy intervention and interviews. The raw data, in the form of verbatim records, were analyzed according to the procedures of grounded theory (open, axial, and selective coding). Through these processes, a total of 154 concepts, 56 subcategories, and 13 categories were identified. Families were classified into four types according to their family function, quality of life, and attitude toward death. Though the art therapy intervention, patients and their family members experienced three stages over time. Conclusion: This research focused on essential aspects of the family relationships and the art therapy experiences of terminal cancer patients and their family members through an art therapy intervention in the context of hospice palliative care. Based on these observations, the researchers constructed a theoretical rationale for art therapy interventions delivered to patients and their family members in the process of hospice palliative care.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.806-819
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to assess the effect of art activities of young children by utilizing the art therapy techniques on the daily stress and social competence of the young children. Out of children at the age of 5 in two classes of H kindergarten in P city, the study of 25 and controlling group of 25 are allocated to make a total number of 50 study objects. After pretests on the surveyed and controlling groups, 2-3times a week, totaling 12times of experimental treatments are made by selecting the art works of easy application on the education fields for the young children. The outcome of this study is as follow. First, the surveyed group participating in the art activities based on art therapy techniques gets lower points than the controlling group in criticism-attacking circumstance, anxious-frustrated circumstance, pride-deteriorated situation and the general daily stress. Second, the surveyed group participating in the art activities based on art therapy techniques gets higher points than the controlling group in positive-social activities, anxious-contracted activities, angry-aggressive activities and the general social competency.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1314-1323
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• 1999

The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of the 8-week, 15-session group art therapy program on self-esteem and mental health status in chronic schizophrenic inpatients. The sample consisted of two groups of chronic schizophrenic inpatients: 10 patients with an average of total disease duration of 8.90 years who participated in a 8-week group art therapy program, and 8 comparison subjects with an average of total disease duration of 8.25 years who did not participate in the program. A pretest-posttest quasiexperimental design was used to assess self-esteem and mental health status at the beginning and at the end of the 8-week, 15-session group art therapy program. The time points for obtaining data were matched for both groups. The effectiveness of the 8-week group art therapy program was assessed by Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale(Rosenberg, 1965) and SCL-90- R(Derogatis et al., 1973). SPSSWIN 8.0 was utilized for data entry and analysis employing Mann-Whitney U test. The findings of the study indicated the followings : (a) No significant differences were found between two groups in self-esteem and (b) The experimental group showed significantly lower scores in obsessive-compulsive symptom dimension and interpersonal sensitivity symptom dimension on the SCL-90-R than the comparison group after participating in the group art therapy program. In conclusion, the findings showed the possibility of applying group art therapy as an effective nursing intervention for patients with lack of verbal communication skills and social interaction to improve their interpersonal relationship.

• 복식
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.121-134
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• 2004

Wiener Werkstaette(workshop) established in 1903 was an artistic handicraft working group, the central figure of which was an architecture, J. Hoffman. Especially its textile design part established in 1910 produced good results. The textile design part of Wiener Werkstaette took total artwork (Gesamtkunstwerke), which Pursued artistic work in all visual parts of life, as a central concept of their work and tried to insert the artistic creativity into the textile design. Regarding the influence relationship between Wiener Werkstaette textile design and formative art, it was influenced by the geometric tendency of C.R. Mackintosh and the style and motive of Japanese art. From 1910's, bright, vivid and cheerful designs were mass-produced by uniquely using various motives, techniques and colors. The formative significance of Wiener Werkstaette textile design are as follows. Firstly, the pattern includes both rational and sensual elements. Secondly, the aesthetic patterns of Wiener Werkstaette include formative elements anticipating the modernism. The leading artistic sense like this played role of catalyzer through which the golden age of artistic decoration, art deco, came. The significance of the textile was made aware through clothes design . The clothes design made with Wiener Werkstaette textile conveyed message as art to everyone and provided the elite of society supporting them with Proud that they are fashion leader ahead of times and have artistic sense. Wiener Werkstaette textile design like this played big role as an instrument for realizing the total artwork by attaining the new artistic formative fruits.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제9호
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• pp.151-170
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• 2010

As an art group, De Stijl (1917-1931) led a total art movement encompassing painting, sculpture, design, and architecture. Among these, architecture, as a model of the total art pursued by the group, was encapsulated by the term 'plastic architecture.' The term reflects architecture's shared features with plastic art, especially its pictorial characteristics. Firstly, De Stijl architecture shares geometric form with painting. Assembled in simple, clear and rational structures, the geometric forms signified universal forms, and extended the pictorial experimentation that Mondrian exercised through Neo-Plasticism to architecture. Constructed with colour fields made of concrete wall, De Stijl architecture is geometric abstract painting embodied in space. Together with such pictorial characteristics, large plate glass windows, narrow window frames, and cantilever structure minimize the building's visual weight. De Stijl architecture, which appears suspended in the air, is an architectural version of the abstract paintings of the era that revealed unknown spaces beyond perspective. De Stijl architecture is also an 'open' architecture, where the units placed as if radiating from the center form relations with each other flexibly and organically. The observer in such a space is encouraged to experience space within time, as his/her physical and visual mobility and extension are maximized. De Stijl architecture is an example of how the time-space continuum, represented within picture frame through Cubism, Futurism, and abstract art, can be realized in space. By transforming the ideal space of painting into real space in this way, 'plastic architecture' turned out to be an architectural manifestation of the utopianism of the era, aimed at building a society in 'perfect harmony.' However, such rationalism and universalism are not free from the violence of totalization that deletes various differences. This is evident in the history that followed as the geometric form of architecture and urban planning proliferated across the globe, engulfing the diverse natural landscapes and local cultures.

• 한국공간구조학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간구조학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 및 정기총회 2권1호(통권2호)
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• pp.69-76
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• 2005

This paper deals with a problem about synergy effect in design and engineering. So far a design processing is paralleled to both in Korea, A cooperation between concept design and working plan must be kept up all the way. From three Personally designed footbridges 1 will make clear a total problem for throughout design processing. If we must solve a gaps between technology and art for structural design, we can get an unexpected result. It will be synergy effect between art and technology, design and engineering.