• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 1999년도 임시총회 및 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.80.1-80
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• 1999

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 1999년도 임시총회 및 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.81.1-81
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• 1999

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2002년도 총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.123.2-123
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• 2002

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2008

Tobamoviruses are the major viral pathogens of tomato and bell pepper. The preliminary results showed that Acibenzolar-Smethyl(ASM; S-methylbenzo(1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothiate) pre-treatment to tomato and tobacco plants reduces the concentration of Tomato mosaic tobamovirus(ToMV) and Tobacco mosaic tobamovirus(TMV) in tomato and bell pepper seedlings, respectively. Pre-treatment of the indicator plant(Nicotiana glutinosa) with the ASM followed by challenge inoculation with tobamoviruses produced a reduced number and size of local lesions(67 and 79% protection over control to TMV and ToMV inoculation, respectively). In order to understand the mechanism of resistance the gene expression profiles of antiviral genes was examined. RT-PCR products showed higher expression of two viral resistance genes viz., alternative oxidase(AOX) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp) in the upper leaves of the ASM-treated tomato plants challenge inoculation with ToMV. Further, the viral concentration was also quantified in the upper leaves by reverse transcription PCR using specific primer for movement protein of ToMV, as well as ELISA by using antisera against tobamoviruses. The results provided additional evidence that ASM pre-treatment reduced the viral movement to upper leaves. The results suggest that expressions of viral resistance genes in the host are the key component in the resistance against ToMV in the inducer-treated tomato plants.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2017

The complete genome sequence of a Slovak SL-1 isolate of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was determined from the next generation sequencing (NGS) data, further confirming a limited sequence divergence in this tobamovirus species. Tomato genotypes Monalbo, Mobaci and Moperou, respectively carrying the susceptible tm-2 allele or the Tm-1 and Tm-2 resistant alleles, were tested for their susceptibility to ToMV SL-1. Although the three tomato genotypes accumulated ToMV SL-1 to similar amounts as judged by semiquantitative DAS-ELISA, they showed variations in the rate of infection and symptomatology. Possible differences in the intra-isolate variability and polymorphism between viral populations propagating in these tomato genotypes were evaluated by analysis of the capsid protein (CP) encoding region. Irrespective of genotype infected, the intra-isolate haplotype structure showed the presence of the same highly dominant CP sequence and the low level of population diversity (0.08-0.19%). Our results suggest that ToMV CP encoding sequence is relatively stable in the viral population during its replication in vivo and provides further demonstration that RNA viruses may show high sequence stability, probably as a result of purifying selection.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 1998

생장점 배양을 통하여 생산한 단양지방종 지황 (Rehmania glutinosa) 묘와 재래식 영양번식묘 간의 생장 및 수량 차이를 구명하고 바이러스 이병 정도를 조사하였다. 청주와 서천지역을 중심으로 생장특성을 비교해본 결과 엽장, 엽폭 및 엽수에 있어서는 조직배양묘와 재래 영양번식 묘간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 엽록소 함량은 조직배양묘에서 증가하였다. 입묘율과 식물체당 근중은 조직배양묘에서 현저히 증가하였으며 10a 당 수량은 200% 이상 증가하였다. 조직배양묘의 입묘율 및 생산량은 $3{\sim}6mm$ 크기의 뿌리를 종구로 이용했을 때 증가하였다. 담배와 명아주를 지표식물로 이용하여 바이러스 이병 정도를 조사해본 결과 기내 조직배양묘에서는 증상이 전혀 나타나지 않았으며 조직배양 1년생 묘에서는 $40{\sim}45%$ 경미한 바이러스 이병 증상을 나타냈다. 그러나 재래영양번식묘와 중국도입종에서는 100%의 심한 바이러스 감염 증상을 보였다. 감염된 바이러스의 대부분은 Tobamovirus였으며 그외 미동정 바이러스도 관찰되었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.205-210
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• 2008

To develop molecular markers linked to the $L^4$ locus conferring resistance to tobamovirus pathotypes in pepper plants, we performed AFLP with 512 primer combinations for susceptible (S pool) and resistant (R pool) DNA bulks against pathotype 1.2 of pepper mild mottle virus. Each bulk was made by pooling the DNA of five homozygous individuals from a T10 population, which was a near-isogenic $BC_4F_2$ generation for the $L^4$ locus. A total of 19 primer pairs produced scorable bands in the R pool. Further screening with these primer pairs was done on DNA bulks from T102, a $BC_{10}F_2$ derived from T10 by back crossing. Three AFLP markers were finally selected and designated L4-a, L4-b and L4-c. L4-a and L4-c each underwent one recombination event, whereas no recombination for L4-b was seen in 20 individuals of each DNA bulk. Linkage analysis of these markers in 112 $F_2$ T102 individuals showed that they were each within 2.5 cM of the $L^4$ locus. L4-b was successfully converted into a simple 340-bp SCAR marker, designated L4SC340, which mapped 1.8 cM from the $L^4$ locus in T102 and 0.9 cM in another $BC_{10}F_2$ population, T101. We believe that this newly characterized marker will improve selection of tobamovirus resistance in pepper plants by reducing breeding cost and time.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2000

The coat protein (CP) gene of kyuri green mottle mosaic virus zucchini strain (KGMMV-Z) isolated from zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) in Chonfu, Korea in 1999 was sequenced by the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction with degenerate and generate primers originated from tobamoviruses. The degenerate primers were very effective in amplification of KGMMV-Z CP region. The KGMMV-Z CP gene consisted of 486 nucleotides and had the same nucleotide length compared with those of cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses. KGMMV-Z CP gene shared 43.8, 44.2, and 44.4% nucleotide sequence similarity with the CP gene of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus watermelon strain (CGMMZ-W), CGMMV-KW1, and CGMMV-SH, respectively, whereas three CGMMV strains among themselves showed 98.6-99.6% nucleotide similarity. The deduced amino acids of KGMMV-Z CP gene were 161 amino acid residues with the molecular weight of 17,181 daltons. The first 24 codons of KGMMV-Z CP gene corresponded to the sequences of the N-terminal amino acid of the viral capsid protein. The amino acid sequences of KGMMV-Z CP had 45.3% similarity compared with those of three CGMMV strains. However, the amino acid sequences of CGMMV strains were identical. These results showed that two cucurbit-infecting tobamovirus members, KGMMV-Z and CGMMV were genetically distantly related.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.252-257
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• 2005

In single infection of Tobacco mosaic virus-U1 (TMV­U1) or Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), mosaic symptoms were produced on the chili pepper cultivars of 'Cheongyang' and 'Wangshilgun'. However, in cultivars of 'Manitta' and 'Bugang', no symptoms were occurred. In single infection of Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), symptoms of mottle and malformation were produced on the tested cultivars of 'Manitta', 'Bugang', 'Cheongyang', and 'Wangshilgun'. In the cultivars of 'Cheongyang' and 'Wangshilgun', synergistic symptoms of stunt and lethal death were induced by mixed infections in the two combinations of TMV-U1 + PepMoV and PMMoV+PepMoV. However, in cultivars of 'Manitta' and 'Bugang', synergistic symptoms were not noted, but mottling which was milder than that of single infection was produced. Cells infected singly with TMV-U1 and PMMoV in the cultivars of 'Cheongyang' and 'Wangshilgun', respectively, had the typical ultra-structures of tobamovirus as the stacked-band structure and multiple spiral aggregate (SA). In the cells and tissues infected with PepMoV on the cultivars of 'Cheongyang', 'Wangshilgun', 'Manitta' and 'Bugang', the potyvirus inclusions of pinwheels, scrolls, lamminated aggregates and amorphous inclusion were observed. In the cells infected mixedly with combinations of TMV­U1+PepMoV and PMMoV+PepMoV, the virus particles and inclusions of the two different viruses were found simultaneously in the same cytoplasm. The amounts of virus particles in mixed infections were more abundant than in single infection. The angled-layer aggregates (ALA) were observed only in the cells infected with both TMV-U1 and PepMoV.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2006

Disease incidences of cucumber virus diseases in Jeonnam province were 52.5%, 16.1%, 35.2%, and 50.9% in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. Rod- and flexuous rod-shaped virus particles were observed with the frequencies of 63.2% and 10.5%, respectively from the samples collected in 1999 under EM observation. Rod-shaped virus particles are considered as tobamovirus while flexuous rod shaped particles are considered as potyviruses. To further confirm their nature, total of 312 diseased virus samples were collected from 2000 to 2002, and tested by RT-PCR. Disease incidences of tobamoviruses including Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus were 48.7% and 3.8%, respectively while those of potyviruses including Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, Papaya ringspot virus, and Watermelon mosaic virus were 15.7%, 9.3%, and 5.1%, respectively. Interestingly, Cucumber mosaic virus was hardly detected. About 5.8% of tested samples were infected with more than one virus. Tobamovirus infection was consistently observed from September to December regardless of planting time, whereas infection of potyviruses was observed in many cucumber cultivating areas where it was planted in September and October.