• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.76-84
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• 1996

Flue-cured tobaccos(cv. NC82, grade AB3O-1) expanded by super steam, volatile organic solvents(tricuorofluoromethane, propane), carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and by freeze-drying were examined for their physico-chemical properties. The expanding rate by using the organic solvents or carbon dioxide at the impregnated pressure was 70% or more, whereas the rate by super steam and freeze-drying was 49.4 and 42.9%, respectively. The contents of total sugar, alkaloid and ether extracts of the expanded tobacco by organic solvents or carbondioxide were decreased to 27.6, 20% or more, and 13%, respectively, when compared to non-expanded one. The contents of citric acid of the tobacco expanded by using trichlorofluoromethane and carbon dioxide were increased to 19.1, 14.0%, respectively. Linoleic acid in the tobacco expanded by super steam or trichlorofluoromethane was also increased to 17.3%, but malonic acid in the tobacco expanded by super steam was 18.5% less than that in the non-expanded one. Nineteen essential oil among 22 assayed in this experiment were decreased in the expanded tobaccos. Key words : expanding method, tobacco, physico-chemical properties.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of storage period on the physico-chemical properties of tobacco leaves expanded by $CO_2$. The flue-cured and burley tobacco leaves produced from 1996 to 1999 were processed, and stored for that year or 3 years in processing plant. As compared with 1996 crop, the expanded rate of flue-cured tobacco leaves in 1999 crop was higher approximately 18%, while that of burley was higher about 10%. The filling capacity of cigarettes was decreased as storage time became shorter, but the combustibility was improved. The rate of large particles (over 3.36mm) of expanded tobacco showed decreasing tendency as the storage period became longer. The change rate of chemical contents in tobacco leaves between before and after expansion had no significant difference among corp years. The tar and CO contents of cigarettes smoke were reduced in the case of flue-cured tobacco leaves as storage time became shorter, while they were slightly increased in the case of burley tobacco leaves. The ammonia content of burley leaves was decreased remarkably in 1996 and 1999 crop.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.144-151
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• 1999

This study was carried out to compare the change physico-chemical properties in the 10 grades of Burley leaf tobacco expanded by $CO_2$. The filling capacity of AB3T was increased from 5.44cc/g to 9.52cc/g with the expansion rate 75.0% and that of CD3W was increased from 5.57cc/g to 10.16cc/g with the expansion rate 82.4%. But the rate of cut tobacco longer than 3.36 mm decreased from 77.2% to 49.9% and from 67.3% to 41.2% in grade B1T and C1W, respectively. The contents of nicotine and total volatile base in the of expanded cut tobacco decreased 11.9% and 10.4% respectively. The contents of onganic acids, except oxalic and palmitic acid, essential oil, amino acids, nicotine, tar and ammonia contents in the cigarette smoke decreased by expansion procecs. These results suggest that expanded tobacco was very useful to make less irritative cigarettes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.349-353
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• 1994

An isolate 90-GT-302, identified as Kitasatosporia kimorexae, was found to produce antibiotics that induce mycelial swelling in Magnaporthe grisea, and Fusarium solani. The strain produced at least 5 antibiotics. Among them, the main active compound designated as kimorexin A was isolated and its physico-chemical properties and biological activities were examined, and as a result was found to be of the thiopeptide antibiotic. A comparison between the properties of kimorexin A and those of the known thiopeptide antibiotics led us to conclude that kimorexin A was a new thiopeptide polythiazolyl antibiotic. Kimorexin A showed a narrow antimicrobial spectrum against very limited genus of phytopathogenic fungi. It prevented host plants from infections of Rhizoctonia solani and absolute parasitic fungi, such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea and Puccinia recondita, almost completely at the treatment concentration of approximately 20 ppm.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2000

The bulk curing experiment to improve the quality of flue-cured leaves were carried out to evaluate relationship between the modified(3 step-up) drying and conventional drying method in bulk curing process. Modified drying method was somewhat higher values in yellowing color index of cured leaves, and less brittle than those in conventional drying program. As to the chemical properties, there was no difference in chemical component levels in cured leaves between the modified and the conventional methods, while the major chemical compounds in relation to aromatic essential oil of cured leaves showed mostly higher level in the modified method than that in conventional drying method. Additionally 3 step-up drying method increased the tobacco quality by 2 % in price per kg compared with conventional drying method.

• 한국연초학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연초학회 1998년도 22회 정기총회 및 39회 학술발표회
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• pp.27-27
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• 1998

• 한국연초학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연초학회 2000년도 24회 정기총회 및 43회 학술발표회
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• pp.27-27
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• 2000

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.200-206
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• 1996

답전전환지 잎담배 수확엽의 적정숙도 판단기준 확립을 위한 기본자료로 이용하기 위하여 수확기를 달리하였을 때의 성숙정도별 엽중 이화학성 변화와 밭담배와의 성분함량 차이를 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 엽장과 엽폭의 수축률은 착엽위치에 관계없이 과숙>미숙>적숙>완숙엽 순으로 높았고 논담배 완숙엽은 밭 완숙엽에 비하여 수축률이 상대적으로 높았다. 2. 엽중 내용성분에서 니코틴과 전실소는 성숙이 진전될수록 낮았으나 환원당 함량은 반대로 나타났고 동일숙도의 논, 밭담배 간에는 밭담배가 높았다. 3. 건조엽의 부풀성은 성숙이 진전될수록 낮았고, 논, 밭담배 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 부스러짐성은 미숙>과숙>적숙>완숙엽 순으로 높아 조기 및 만기수확으로 부스러짐성은 증가하였다. 4. 궐련의 화학성분에서 끽연시의 유해인자로 작용하는 CO, TPM, tar성분등이 논담배가 밭담배에 비하여 다소 높았고 연소성도 상대적으로 불량하였다. 5. 비택발성 유기산 함량에서 oxalic, succinic acid 함량은 성숙이 진전될수록 낮아지고, malonic acid는 높아지나 malic, citric acid는 일정한 경향이 없었으며, 논담배는 밭담배에 비해 oxalic, malonic acid 함량에서 다소 낮았다. 6. 지방산 함량은 성숙정도간 차이는 적었고, 성분간에는 linolenic>palmitic>oleic>lnoleic>stearic acid 함량순이었으며, 논, 밭담배 간에도 거의 대등한 함량을 보여 토양조건이나 성숙정도간 반응차는 적었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 1995

Antibiotic and physico-chemical properties of an active compound from actinomycetes isolate G-37, of which the culture filtrate had an inhibitory effect against tobacco mosaic virus(W) infection, were examined. The active compound, which was purified by ethylacetate extraction, silica gel column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography, showed strong antibacterial activities especially against Gram-positive bacteria including Bacillus subtillis, Sarcina lutea and Staphylococcus aureus. From the IH-NMR, FAB/RfS, UV spectral data, and physicochemical properties, the active compound of G-37 appears to belong to a peptide antibiotic group. Among the known peptide antibiotics in the antibiotic group, No. 280, A-30912, and Taitomycin showed molecular weights and ultra violet spectrum similar to those of the active compound from G-37, but was not identical to the compound, which suggests that it may be a new peptide antibiotics.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 1998

The occurrence and physico-chemical properties of flat leaves found in 1997 curing trial related to the prevention of occurrence of flat leaves at bulk curing of flue-cured tobacco were investigated and compared with those of normal leaves. Cured leaves of NC82 were separated into 4 classes of none, slight, fair and severe symptoms of flat leaf by the percentage of flattened parts to whole leaf area. The flat leaves were mostly found among the leaves of lower stalk position, and it was estimated that growth rate of lower leaves also influenced on the occurrence of flat leaves. In chromatic aberration of cured leaf, flat leaves showed remarkably lower b and L values than in those of normals but there was no difference in a value. On the other hand, in chemical analyses of flat leaf samples, nicotine, total sugar, ether extract and total nitrogen contents were decreased with the degree of flat symptoms. In physical properties, filling capacity of cured leaves was decreased with the degree of flat symptoms comparing with those of normal leaves, while shatter index was showed a reverse tendency, and then within the same leaf, flat parts were decreased in total sugar, ether extract and filling capacity compared with those of normal ones, but remarkably increased in shatter index, and there was no difference in nicotine and total nitrogen contents.