Effect of Leaf Maturity on Physico -chemical Properties of Leaf Tobacco

담배 잎의 성숙도에 따른 이화학적 특성

Experiment was conducted to get the information about physico-chemical properties of flue-cured tobacco on the degree of maturity cultivated in paddy-upland rotated field, and compared to upland ones. For the samples of this experiment, 3~4 leaves at each stalk position were harvested from the bottom of plants. Physico-chemical properties of cured leaves were determined from the samples collected at weekly intervals, and of obtained from 4 stalk positions. For the degree of maturity, harvested leaves were separated with visual characters into four classes such as immature, mature, ripe, and mellow. Regardless of stalk position, the order of shrinkage rate with length and width of leaves was mellow> immature> ripe> mature, and ripe leaves from paddy field showed higher shrinkage rate than those of upland. Nicotine and total nitrogen contents were decreased with the degree of maturity while reducing sugar content were showed a reverse tendency. Ripe leaves from paddy field had lower reducing sugar contents, comparing with upland tobacco. Filling capacity of cured leaves from paddy field was decreased with degree of maturity, but there was no difference between upland and paddy tobacco. Shatter index was increased in the oeder of immature > mellow > mature > ripe. Chemical components of cigarette smoke from paddy field tobacco were little higher in $CO_2$ total particulate matter and tar contents, while combustibility was little lower than that of upland tobacco. It was also evaluated that paddy field tobacco was unfavorable for the non-volatile organic and higher fatty acids contents comparing with upland tobacco.

답전전환지 잎담배 수확엽의 적정숙도 판단기준 확립을 위한 기본자료로 이용하기 위하여 수확기를 달리하였을 때의 성숙정도별 엽중 이화학성 변화와 밭담배와의 성분함량 차이를 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 엽장과 엽폭의 수축률은 착엽위치에 관계없이 과숙>미숙>적숙>완숙엽 순으로 높았고 논담배 완숙엽은 밭 완숙엽에 비하여 수축률이 상대적으로 높았다. 2. 엽중 내용성분에서 니코틴과 전실소는 성숙이 진전될수록 낮았으나 환원당 함량은 반대로 나타났고 동일숙도의 논, 밭담배 간에는 밭담배가 높았다. 3. 건조엽의 부풀성은 성숙이 진전될수록 낮았고, 논, 밭담배 간에는 차이가 없었으며, 부스러짐성은 미숙>과숙>적숙>완숙엽 순으로 높아 조기 및 만기수확으로 부스러짐성은 증가하였다. 4. 궐련의 화학성분에서 끽연시의 유해인자로 작용하는 CO, TPM, tar성분등이 논담배가 밭담배에 비하여 다소 높았고 연소성도 상대적으로 불량하였다. 5. 비택발성 유기산 함량에서 oxalic, succinic acid 함량은 성숙이 진전될수록 낮아지고, malonic acid는 높아지나 malic, citric acid는 일정한 경향이 없었으며, 논담배는 밭담배에 비해 oxalic, malonic acid 함량에서 다소 낮았다. 6. 지방산 함량은 성숙정도간 차이는 적었고, 성분간에는 linolenic>palmitic>oleic>lnoleic>stearic acid 함량순이었으며, 논, 밭담배 간에도 거의 대등한 함량을 보여 토양조건이나 성숙정도간 반응차는 적었다.