• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.277-283
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• 1995

For the development of low NO$_{x}$ gas burners aimed for absorption chiller/heater unit, three proto type burners of different capacity (265000, 498000, and 664000 kcal/h) have been manufactured through a combustion method of step-by-step air injection. In order to characterize the overall features of the flame and the properties of the emission gas, the temperature of the flame and the concentration of NO$_{x}$ and CO were determined. The main factors in the design of burners (the area of primary air injection, the diameter of secondary air injection hole, fuel nozzle diameter) were observed to increase linearly with the scale-up of burner capacity. The flame temperature profiles of the burners were observed to be almost similar, irrespective of their capacity. However, as their capacity increased, the flame temperature slightly increased and the hot region of the flames moved to ward the flame tip along with the expansion to the direction of radius. From the proto type units, the amount of their NO$_{x}$ emission was determined to be around 25 - 30 vppm(3% )$_{2}$) and the CO emission was less than 19 vppm (3% $O_{2}$).TEX>).

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2018

An analytical solution for the tensile ductility in porous ductile materials was derived based on an Irwin's approach of the elastic-plastic deformation in fracture mechanics. This was in good agreement with the experimental results of a tensile ductility in a sintered pure Al, and could solve the discrepancies in the Brown and Embury, or the McClintock models. This model was also offered as an advanced analytical solution considering the effect of stress triaxiality of pore tip in addition to pore interactions, material properties of matrix, and local deformation effect around pore. The evaluation of an analytical solution in the sintered pure Al powder compacts showed that the tensile ductility depends not only on the volume fraction of pores, but also on the pore size and on the mechanical properties of the matrix. The tensile ductility of the sintered pure Al compacts decreased rapidly with the increasing of a pore volume fraction, despite of the excellent tensile ductility of the matrix. This significant decrease in the tensile ductility was mainly attributed to the low yield strength of the matrix and small pore size. Particularly, the effects of the large radius and high volume fraction of the pore on the tensile ductility in Al-Form, were thus reasonably predicted by this analytical equation.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2000

In order to improve both the level and the stability of electron emission, Mo and Co silicides were formed from Mo mono-layer and Ti/Co bi-layers on single crystal silicon field emitter arrays (FEAs), respectively. Using the slope of Fowler-Nordheim curve and tip radius measured from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the effective work function of Mo and Co silicide FEAs were calculated to be 3.13 eV and 2.56 eV, respectively. Compared with silicon field emitters, Mo and Co silicide exhibited 10 and 34 times higher maximum emission current, 10 V and 46 V higher device failure voltage, and 6.1 and 4.8 times lower current fluctuation, respectively. Moreover, the emission currents of the silicide FEAs depending on vacuum level were almost the same in the range of $10^{-9}{\sim}10^{-6}$ torr. This result shows that silicide is robust in terms of anode current degradation due to the absorption of air molecules.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

This paper is a study on the link composition design of a double link type level luffing jib crane using path generation synthesis passing through three precision points according to parameters, the length of backstay, the ratio of fly jib length between two moving hinges to the total length of fly jib, the location of a intermediate passing point etc. when the maximum and minimum working radius of the crane are given. The performance of the crane depends on the deviation of the luffing trajectory at fly jib tip. The luffing trajectories according to the above parameters are analyzed and shown in graphs by the developed computer program. In a real-life design, some trials are needed to arrive at a proper link composition design. Therefore, it is expected that the present computer program can rapidly and exactly deal with a link composition design proper to the design criteria of the crane.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2006

This paper describes a analysis on the chip thickness model required for cutting force simulation in ball-end milling. In milling, cutting forces are obtained by multiplying chip area to specific cutting forces in each cutting instance. Specific cutting forces are one of the important factors for cutting force predication and have unique value according to workpiece materials. Chip area in two dimensional cutting is simply calculated using depth of cut and feed, but not simply obtained in three dimensional cutting such as milling due to complex cutting mechanics. In ball-end milling, machining is almost performed in the ball part of the cutter and tool radius is varied along contact point of the cutter and workpiece. In result, the cutting speed and the effective helix angle are changed according to length from the tool tip. In this study, for chip thickness model analysis, tool and chip geometry are analyzed and then the definition of chip thickness and estimation method are described. The resulted of analysis are verified by compared with geometrical simulation and other research. The proposed chip thickness model is more precise.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1282-1289
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• 2003

Transport of a scalar quantity, such as chemical concentration or temperature, is important in many engineering applications and environmental flows. Here we report on results obtained from the large eddy simulations of flow and concentration fields inside the tank performed using a spectral multi-domain technique. The computations were driven by specifying the impeller-induced flow at the blade tip radius (Yoon et al.). This study focused on the concentration development at different molecular diffusivities in a stirred tank operated under turbulent conditions. The main objective of the work presented here is to study the large-scale mixing structure at different molecular diffusivities in a stirred tank by using the large eddy simulation. The time sequence of concentration and flow fields shows the flow dependency of the concentration development. The presence of spatial inhomogenieties is detailed by observing the time variation oflocal concentration at different positions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.572-578
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• 1985

A composite gear with involute-circular are tooth profile and a tooth profile of the rack to cut this gear are theoretictically obtained. The composite gear has involute tooth profile in the vicinity of pitch point and has circular arc tooth profiles at addendum adn dedendum. The contact ratio(M$_{c}$), chordal tooth thickness (chordal tip tooth thickness S$_{t}$, chordal root tooth thickness S$_{t}$) of the composite gear are compared with those of involute gear. When module, number of teeth and pressure angle eqaul, S$_{t}$ of composite gear is much larger than that of involute gear. Under the same conditions, S/sib t/ and M$_{c}$ of composite gear become smaller than those of involute gear.lute gear.

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 1999

Using the LOCOS process, we have fabricated the lateral type polysilicon field emission triodes with poly-Si/oxide/Si structure and investigated their current-voltage characteristics for three biasing modes of operation. The fabricated devices exhibit excellent electrical performances such as a relatively low turn-on anode voltage of 14 V at VGC = 0V, a stable and high emission current of 92${\mu}$A/triode over 90 hours, a small gate leakage current of 0.23 ${\mu}$A/triode and an outstanding transconductance of 57${\mu}$S/5triodes at VGC = 5V and VAC = 26V. these superior electrical operation is believed to be due to a large field enhancement effect, which is related to the sharp cathode tips produced by the LOCOS process as well as the high aspect ratio (height /radius ) of the cathode tip end.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 1993

Wearness has been a major failure criterion in Korean-made rotary blade. However, few studies have been conducted to improve it. In this study, the fundamental data obtained from the measurement of wearness and failure of rotary blade were analyzed to provide a guideline for the design of rotary blades. For the straight part(about 20-23 em from bolt hole) from the bolt hole to bending point of rotary blade, modifications were proposed for improvements, however, for the portion from bending point to tip was made no design recommendations because the failure behavior of that portion was difficult to analyze with the experimental data. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The current V-shape section has to be moved about 5 em toward the bending point of rotary blade. 2. The section modulus at the portion about 5-7 em distant from bolt hole has to be increased about 15-20 %. 3. The V-shape section has to be changed into U-shape to reduce the on account of recieving initial stress in blades. 4. The radius of curvature of the neck(the portion about 5-7 cm apart from bolt hole) has to be made larger to decrease the stress concentration.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.400-405
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• 2000

In order to improve the reliability of XLPE cables, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of electrical and water tree degradation. Especially, electrical tree initiation and propagation are important in XLPE cable insulation. This paper deals with the changes of electrical properties of XLPE cable insulation with electrical tree degradation. To understand the electrical properties of XLPE insulation, specimens were prepared by 22.9kV distribution cable and made in a type of block. Ogura needles having tip radius of 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ were inserted into each block pieces. AC voltages of 8kV, 10kV and 12kV at 60Hz were applied to needle. We investigated the relationship between electrical properties(PD quantity, tan$\delta$ and DC current) and the growth of electrical tree. The electrical properties of the specimens were measured from initiation of tree to breakdown and their characteristics were analyzed.