• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.841-848
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• 2008

This paper examined dynamic characteristics of high speed trains using a time varying frequency transform. Fourier transform based methods are frequently used for the calculation of the dynamic characteristics of trains in the frequency domain, but they cannot represent the time-varying characteristics. Therefore it is necessary to examine their characteristics using a time-varying frequency transform. For the examination, the non-stationary vibration of wheelset, bogie, and carbody are measured using accelerometers and stored in a data aquisition system. They are processed with localization of the data by modulating with a window function, and Fourier transform is taken to each localized data, called the short-time Fourier transform. From the processed results, time varying auto-spectral density, cross-spectral density, frequency response, and coherence functions have been calculated. From the analysis, it is confirmed that the time varying frequency transform is a useful method for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of high speed trains.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.465-471
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• 2009

본 논분에서는 보다 적은 실험으로 고속철도차량의 윤축에서 발생하는 소음과 진동의 동적 특성을 알기 위해 불규칙 신호처리와 시간-주파수 해석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 윤축의 소음과 진동은 대부분 차륜과 궤도의 비정상상호작용이 원인이다. 이를 분석하기 위해 마이크로폰과 가속도계를 이용하여 데이터를 수집하고 붙규칙 신호처리와 시간-주파수 분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석한 결과, 이 방법들은 고속철도차량의 윤축에서 발생하는 소음과 진동의 동적특성을 분석하는데 유용함을 확인하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권10호
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• pp.1844-1851
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• 2007

This paper presents methods for the compensation of sinusoidal disturbances with unknown amplitude, phase, and time-varying frequency in nonlinear systems. In the previous disturbance accommodation methods, the sinusoidal disturbance with unknown time-invariant frequency was considered. In the proposed method, the disturbance with unknown time-varying frequency is compensated. As for the control structure, two control inputs are designed separately in such a way that one of them is designed for the nonlinear system control without considering the disturbance, and the other one uses the disturbance estimate obtained from the disturbance accommodating observer. The stability analysis is done considering the disturbance estimation error and the numerical simulation demonstrates the proposed approach.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.385-398
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• 2024

To improve the accuracy of time-frequency analysis (TFA) and instantaneous frequency (IF) extraction of structural dynamic response signals, this paper improves the spline-kernelled chirplet transform, and a new form of modified spline-kernelled chirplet transform (MSCT) based on revised Gaussian window function and energy concentration principle is put forward. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical examples of single-component signal, multicomponent signal, single-degree-of-freedom Duffing nonlinear system and two-layer shear frame structure model. Then, a time-varying cable test is designed to collect the acceleration response signals under linear changing tension, and the IF extraction of these signals is performed by using MSCT, which further verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of this method. Through numerical simulation and experimental verification, it is proved that the proposed method can effectively extract the IF of nonlinear structure and time-varying structure.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.628-632
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• 2001

We propose time-frequency (TF) tools for analyzing linear time-varying (LTV) systems and nonstationary random processes. Obtained warping the narrowband Weyl symbol (WS) and spreading function (SF), the new TF tools are useful for analyzing LTV systems and random processes characterized by generalized frequency shifts, This new Weyl symbol (WS) is useful in wideband signal analysis. We also propose WS an tools for analyzing systems which produce dispersive frequency shifts on the signal. We obtain these generalized, frequency-shift covariant WS by warping conventional, narrowband WS. Using the new, generalized WS, we provide a formulation for the Weyl correspondence for linear systems with instantaneous of linear signal transformation as weighted superpositions of non-linear frequency shifts on the signal. Application examples in signal and detection demonstrate the advantages of our new results.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.893-898
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• 2019

시주파수 표현법은 시간과 주파수의 2차원 평면에 대하여 신호의 크기 혹은 에너지 밀도의 분포를 표현하는 방법이다. 이러한 기술은 시변 신호(Time-varying signal)의 특성 분석에 유용하다. 연주음은 대표적인 시변신호이며 특성 분석을 위하여 시주파수 표현법을 사용할 수 있다. 최근 악기에 사운더를 부착하여 음질을 변화시키는 작업이 주목 받고 있다. 비교적 저렴한 비용을 지불하고 음질을 변화시켜 주관적인 평가를 개선하려는 시도로 시행되고 있다. 이러한 연주신호는 시간영역에서는 사운더가 없는 악기 원형으로 연주한 경우와 차이점을 찾기가 어렵지만 주파수 영역, 그리고 시간-주파수 영역에서 분석하면 차이점을 쉽게 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 사운더를 부착한 악기의 연주신호를 주파수 영역에서 분석하여 사운더의 효과를 확인하고 더 나아가 시주파수 표현법을 활용하여 사운더의 영향을 분석한다. 악기에 따라 사운더의 효과는 다르지만 대체로 인간의 주관적인 평가에 영향을 주는 중간주파수대에서 강화된 효과를 확인할 수 있다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.507-513
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• 2010

This paper is described the analysis of time-varying low-frequency electric magnetic field emitted from electric rolling stocks fed by VVVF inverter, in reference to allowable magnitude for exposures to time-varying electromagnetic field issued by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection(ICNIRP). The level of the magnetic field strength was measured, in reference to the standard for occupational environments, which takes into account the public person's protection against the excessive emission of the low-frequency magnetic field, 5 Hz ~ 2 kHz.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.277-293
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• 2024

The recorded thunderstorm winds at a point contain tri-directional components. The probabilistic characteristics of such recorded winds in terms of instantaneous mean wind speed and direction, and the probability distribution and the time-frequency dependent crossed and non-crossed power spectral density functions for the high-frequency fluctuating wind components are unclear. In the present study, we analyze the recorded tri-directional thunderstorm wind components by separating the recorded winds in terms of low-frequency time-varying mean wind speed and high-frequency fluctuating wind components in the alongwind direction and two orthogonal crosswind directions. We determine the time-varying mean wind speed and direction defined by azimuth and elevation angles, and analyze the spectra of high-frequency wind components in three orthogonal directions using continuous wavelet transforms. Additionally, we evaluate the coherence between each pair of fluctuating winds. Based on the analysis results, we develop empirical spectral models and lagged coherence models for the tri-directional fluctuating wind components, and we indicate that the fluctuating wind components can be treated as Gaussian. We show how they can be used to generate time histories of the tri-directional thunderstorm winds.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 11th (KACC); Pohang, Korea; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.362-367
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• 1996

In this paper, the eigenstructure of a class of linear time varying systems, termed as linear quasi-time invariant(LQTI) systems, is investigated. A system composed of dynamic devices such as linear time varying capacitors and resistors can be an example of the class. To effectively describe and analyze the LQTI systems, a generalized differential operator G is introduced. Then the dynamic systems described by the operator G are studied in terms of eigenvalue, frequency characteristics, stability and an extended convolution. Some basic attributes of the operator G are compared with those of the differential operator D. Also the corresponding generalized Laplace transform pair is defined and relevant properties are derived for frequency domain analysis of the systems under consideration. As an application example, a LQTI circuit is examined by using the concept of eigenstructure of LQTI system. The LQTI filter processes the sinusoidal signals modulated by some functions.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.145-163
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• 2024

The evaluation of dynamic characteristics of bridges under operational traffic loads is a crucial aspect of bridge structural health monitoring. In the vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) system, the vibration responses of bridge exhibit time-varying characteristics. To address this issue, an accurate time-frequency analysis method that combines the autoregressive power spectrum based empirical wavelet transform (AR-EWT) and local maximum synchrosqueezing transform (LMSST) is proposed to identify the time-varying instantaneous frequencies (IFs) of the bridge in the VBI system. The AR-EWT method decomposes the vibration response of the bridge into mono-component signals. Then, LMSST is employed to identify the IFs of each mono-component signal. The AR-EWT combined with the LMSST method (AR-EWT+LMSST) can resolve the problem that LMSST cannot effectively identify the multi-component signals with weak amplitude components. The proposed AR-EWT+LMSST method is compared with some advanced time-frequency analysis techniques such as synchrosqueezing transform (SST), synchroextracting transform (SET), and LMSST. The results demonstrate that the proposed AR-EWT+LMSST method can improve the accuracy of identified IFs. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method are validated through a multi-component signal, a VBI numerical model with a four-degree-of-freedom half-car, and a VBI model experiment. The effect of vehicle characteristics, vehicle speed, and road surface roughness on the identified IFs of bridge are investigated.