• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2021

Uniaxial compression tests were conducted on sandstone-CGFB composite samples with different interface angles, and their strength, acoustic emission (AE), and failure characteristics were investigated. Three macro-failure patterns were identified: the splitting failure accompanied by local spalling failure in CGFB (Type-I), the mixed failure with small sliding failure along with the interface and Type-I failure (Type-II), and the sliding failure along with the interface (Type-III). With an increase of interface angle β measured horizontally, the macro-failure pattern changed from Type-I to Type-II, and then to Type-III, and the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus generally decreased. Due to the small sliding failure along with the interface in the composite sample with β of 45°, AE events underwent fluctuations in peak values at the later post-peak failure stage. The composite samples with β of 60° occurred Type-III failure before the completion of initial compaction stage, and the post-peak stress-time curve initially exhibited a slow decrease, followed by a steep linear drop with peaks in AE events.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.317-326
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• 2003

The tension leg platform (TLP) is a moored floating offshore structure whose buoyancy is more than its weight. The mooring system, known as tethers, is vulnerable to failure due to extreme (maximum and minimum) tensions. In the present study the reliability of these tethers under maximum and minimum tension (ultimate limit state) has been studied. Von-Mises failure criteria has been adopted to define the failure of a tether against maximum tension. The minimum tension failure criteria has been assumed to meet when the tethers slack due to loss of tension. First Order Reliability method (FORM) has been adopted for reliability assessment. The reliability, in terms of reliability index, and probability of failure has been obtained for twelve sea states. The probabilities of failure so obtained for different sea states have been adopted for the calculation of annual and life time probabilities of failure.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2005

Starting with the meaning of the word quality, diverse concepts connoted by the term are examined. Instead of a bathtub curve, the desirable shape of a failure rate covering the entire life of a good product, which might be called hockey-stick line, is introduced. From the hockey-stick line and the definition of reliability, two measurements are extracted. The terms r-reliability (failure rate) and durability (product life) are explained. The conceptual analysis of failure mechanics explains that reliability technology pertains to design area. The desirable shape of hazard rate curve of electronic items, hockey-stick line, clarifies that Mean-Time-to-failure (MTTF) as the inverse of failure rate can be regarded a nominal life. And Bx life, different from MTTF, is explained. Reliability relationships between components and set products are explained. Reshaped definitions of r-reliability and durability are recommended. The procedure to improve reliability and the reasons for failing to identify failure mode are clarified in order to search right solutions. And generalized Life-Stress failure model is recommended for the calculation of acceleration factor.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.204-216
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• 1999

Failure physics and statistical lifetime analysis constitute the two extreme ends of the reliability engineering spectrum, and studies that relate failure mechanisms to failure distributions have been near non-existent. This paper is an attempt to stimulate interest to fill the gap between the two extremes and proposes an approach of combining them through i) developing a failure mechanism model, ii) generating failure times by Monte Carlo simulation with the model, iii) deriving the failure time distribution and evaluating the product reliability, and iv) improving the product reliability by the sensitivity analysis. An application of the proposed approach to the BGA(Ball Grid Array) surface mount package is also provided.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2014

The failure modes of pneumatic directional control valves include leakage, wear of the spool seal, and sticking of the spool. Among them, the main failure mode of the valve is leakage. The leakage is caused by the wear of the spool seal. However, due to the characteristics of the seal material, the leakage rate is fluctuated a lot rather than constantly increased over time. If life analysis is performed using the first time data of leakage failure, predicted life cycles can be different from the real life cycles. This paper predicts life cycles of the pilot pneumatic directional control valve based on the three point moving average which considers the average of the fluctuating leakage rate.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2002

This paper studies an economic manufacturing quantity (EMQ) model with two types of failures and planned preventive maintenance of the production facility. One is a type I (major) failure which should be corrected by a failure maintenance and the other is a type H (minor) failure which can be minimally repaired without interrupting the production run. The objective is to determine the lot size and preventive replacement policy minimizing the long-run expected cost per unit time. We consider a control policy with a constant production lot size and preventive maintenance after completing n production runs. It is assumed that both preventive and failure maintenance times are random and the demand arriving during a stock-out period is lost. An expression for the expected cost per unit time is obtained in the general case. A special case is discussed and numerical results are provided.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2006

The SRGM has been studied under the assumption that S/W reliability can grow as the fault causing failure is removed even during operational phase because the debugging is available. On the other hand, some papers insist on the uniform failure rate during operational phase because the debugging may not be available in case of universal software. The phenomenon, however, has been observed informally many times that the products S/W reliability grows as the time goes by even without any debugging in point of customer view. I propose the simple approaching method to model the S/W reliability phenomenon that the failure rate reduces as time goes on without modifying the existing reliability model in this paper.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

Recently, as demand for various paper containers has rapidly grown, it is inevitable that paper cup-forming machines have increased their manufacturing speed. However, the faster manufacturing speed naturally brings more frequent manufacturing failures, which decreases manufacturing efficiency. As such, it is necessary to develop a system that monitors the failures in real time and diagnoses the failure progress in advance. In this research, a paper cup-forming machine diagnosis system was developed. Three major failure targets, paper deviation, temperature failure, and abnormal vibration, which dominantly affect the manufacturing process when they occur, were monitored and diagnosed. To evaluate the developed diagnosis system, extensive experiments were performed with the actual data gathered from the paper cup-forming machine. Furthermore, the desired system validation was obtained. The proposed system is expected to anticipate and prevent serious promising failures in advance and lower the final defect rate considerably.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2000

In this paper, the human error contributions to the system unavailability are calculated and compared to the mechanical failure contributions. The system unavailability is a probability that a system is in the failed state at time t, given that it was the normal state at time zero. It is a function of human errors committed during maintenance and tests, component failure rates, surveillance test intervals, and allowed outage time. The THERP (Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction), generally called "HRA handbook", is used here for evaluating human error rates. This method treats the operator as one of the system components, and human reliability is assessed in the same manner as that of components. Based on the calculation results, the human error contribution to the system unavailability is shown to be more important than the mechanical failure contribution in the example system. It is also demonstrated that this method is very flexible in that it can be applied to any hazardous facilities, such as gas valve stations and chemical process plants.ss plants.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권8호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1994

In this paper load redistribution algorithm to allow fault-tolerance by redistributing the workload of n failure nodes to the remaining good nodes in distributed systems are investigated. To evaluate the efficiency of the algorithms a simulation model of algorithms is developed using SLAM II simulation language. The job arrival rate service rate failure and repair rate of nodes and communication delay time due to load migraion are used as parameters. The result of the simulation shows that the job arrival rate failure and repair rate of nodes do not affected on the relative efficiency of algorithms. If the communication delay time is greater than average job processing time algorithm B is better. Otherwise algorithm C is superior to the others.