• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.212-214
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• 2005

The charge-pump circuit which is used to generate higher voltage than the available supply voltage has wide applications such as the flash memory of EEPROM Because the demand for high voltage comes from physical mechanism such as the oxide tunneling, the required pumped voltage cannot be scaled as the power supply voltage is scaled. Therefore, an efficient charge-pump circuit that can achieve high voltage from the available low supply voltage is essential. A new Analog Switch p-well CMOS charge pump circuit without the MOS device body effect is processed. By improve the structure of the circuit's transistors to reduce the threshold voltage shift of the devices, the threshold voltage of the device is kept constant. So, the circuit electrical characteristics are higher output voltage within a shorter time than the conventional charge pump. The propose analog switch CMOS charge pump shows compatible performance of the ideal diode or Dickson charge pump.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제49권12호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2012

3차원 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 터널링 전계효과 트랜지스터(TFET)의 불순물 분포 변동(RDF) 효과에 대해 살펴보았다. TFET의 RDF 효과는 매우 낮은 바디 도핑 농도 때문에 많이 논의되지 않았다. 하지만 본 논문에서는 임의로 생성되고 분포되는 소스 불순물이 TFET의 문턱전압 ($V_{th}$)과 드레인 유기 전류 증가 (DICE), 문턱전압이하 기울기 (SS)의 변화를 증가시킴을 발견하였다. 또한, TFET의 RDF 효과를 감소시킬 수 있는 몇 가지 방법을 제시하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2018

Under repeated loading, the residual stresses within the subgrade and subsoil can accelerate the deformation of the road structures. In this paper, a series of laboratory cyclic loading model tests and small-scale model tests were conducted to investigate the dynamic stress response within soils under different loading conditions. The experimental results showed that a dynamic stress accumulation effect occurred if the soil showed cumulative deformation: (1) the residual stress increased and accumulated with an increasing number of loading cycles, and (2) the residual stress was superimposed on the stress response of the subsequent loading cycles, inducing a greater peak stress response. There are two conditions that must be met for the dynamic stress accumulation effect to occur. A threshold state exists only if the external load exceeds the cyclic threshold stress. Then, the stress accumulation effect occurs. A higher loading frequency results in a higher rate of increase for the residual stress. In addition to the superposition of the increasing residual stress, soil densification might contribute to the increasing peak stress during cyclic loading. An increase in soil stiffness and a decrease in dissipative energy induce a greater stress transmission within the material.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Purpose : This study was aimed at investgating the effect of short foot exercise(SFE) using an imagery technique on chronic ankle instability(CAI). Methods : Twenty subjects with chronic ankle instability were selected by using the Cumberland ankle instability tool. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups(10 in each group) : namely the short foot exercise group and imagery technique group. The short foot exercise group performed short foot exercise for 6 weeks(3 times a week, 15 min per session). The imagery technique group performed short foot exercise(3 times a week, 15 min per session) and the imagery technique(3 times a week, 5 min per session) for 6 weeks. We measured chronic ankle instability, balance and threshold of vibration sensation before and after exercise by using the Cumberland ankle instability tool, Biodex Balance System and VSA-II, respectively. Results : We found statistically significant differences in cumberland ankle instability tool, balance and threshold of vibration sensation between the groups(p<.05). Conclusion : We confirmed the effect of short foot exercise using an imagery technique. Thus, we thought these results could be used as basic data and reference for musculoskeletal therapy or intervention using an imagery technique.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.833-840
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• 2021

This paper examines the effect of the interest rate set by Bank Indonesia on financial system stability as measured by the credit gap in Indonesia for quarterly data for the period 1976 Q1 to 2019 Q4. We suppose that the relationship between the Central Bank rate and the credit gap is non-linear. Hence, this study applies a smooth transition regression (STR) model to investigate the relationship between these variables. Our results are: first, by performing STR estimation we obtained a threshold level of Central Bank rate of 2.01. Second, a decrease in the Central Bank rate results in a reduction in the credit gap when the Central Bank rate is above or below the threshold level. The effect of the Central Bank rate is five times greater for the high regime than for the low regime. Third, we find evidence that the effect of the exchange rate, economic growth, inflation, and GDP per capita on the credit gap for the high regime is the opposite of the low regime. We suggest that policymakers need to keep the Central Bank interest rate low and stable so that the role of the bank as a financial intermediary remains stable and conducive to strengthening financial stability.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제31A권9호
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• pp.10-17
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• 1994

In this paper, a priority schedling and a flow control algorithm with hysteresis effect are proposed for high-speed networks. A mathematical model for the flow control is proposed and a cell transition probability from this model is found. And the performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed by a computer simulation. According to the simulation results, it can be shown that the priority scheduling and the flow control with hysteresis effect get the cell loss probability 0.061 better and the average delay 100ms better and the average delay 100ms beter than those of single threshold.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
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• 제3회(2014년)
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• pp.434-438
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• 2014

CMOS의 최종형태로써 Gate-All-Around(GAA) Silicon Nanowire(NW)가 각광받고 있다. 이 논문에서 NW FET(Field Effect Transistor)의 채널 길이와 NW의 폭과 같은 size에 따른 특성변화를 실제 실험 data와 NW FET 특성분석 simulation을 이용해서 비교해보았다. MOSFET(Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)의 소형화에 따른 쇼트 채널 효과(short channel effect)에 의한 threshold voltage($V_{th}$), Drain Induced Barrier Lowering(DIBL), subthreshold swing(SS) 또한 비교하였다. 이에 더하여, 기존의 상용툴로 NW를 해석한 시뮬레이션 결과와도 비교해봄으로써 NW의 size scaling에 대한 EDISON NW 해석 simulation의 정확도를 파악해보았다.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
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• 제2회(2013년)
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• pp.210-213
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• 2013

실리콘 나노선 전계 효과 트랜지스터(Field Effect Transisor: FET)의 특성을 시뮬레이션을 통해 연구하였다. 일반적인 트랜스컨덕턴스(transconductance) 값을 이용하여 소자의 전계 효과 이동도(field effect mobility)를 추출했고, Y-function 방법을 이용하여 저전계 이동도(low field mobility)와 문턱전압(threshold voltage)를 구했다. 채널길이가 10nm로 매우 짧을 때와 100nm의 일반적인 길이 일 때의 전하 이동도 특성을 비교하여 Si 나노선 FET의 쇼트 채널 효과(short channel effect)를 보았다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2017

Objectives: The deaths of Korean victims exposed to the disinfectant CMIT/MIT have remained unresolved. This is mainly due to a lack of concordance between the few available toxicity tests and the abundant epidemiological data, making it difficult to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate any potential associations between CMIT/MIT exposure and death. Methods: Groups of experimental and control C57BL/6 mice were instilled (in the trachea) with chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) using a visual instillobot. CMIT/MIT was instilled over a period of three days and eight weeks, respectively, to achieve acute and chronic exposures. A threshold dose-response model was applied for estimating the threshold level as one line of evidence for a causal association between CMIT/MIT and death. Results: An acute exposure of 1.2 mg ai/kg/day of CMIT/MIT was estimated to reflect the threshold for death. The dose-response curve with this threshold showed a very steep slope and a narrow range of CMIT/MIT exposures. The narrow range of CMIT/MIT exposures, in particular, indicated an evident boundary between survival and death, thus implicating a strong causal association. A similar threshold dose-response relationship observed following acute exposure was also seen following chronic exposure to CMIT/MIT. Airborne disinfectant exposure was visible as minimal or mild lung damage with no fibrosis, as shown by histopathological tests. However, many observations are considered to be functional respiratory tract or lung failure due to death, as observed in necropsies of the mice that died due to CMIT/MIT exposures. Conclusions: There are two strong lines of evidence for a causal association between death and CMIT/MIT exposure: 1) The threshold dose-response curve, with a very steep slope and a narrow range of CMIT/MIT exposures showing a visible boundary between survival and death; and 2) many cases of functional respiratory or lung failure.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.405-412
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• 2016

경남 진주시 대곡면에 위치한 파프리카(Capsicum annuum var. angulosum) 온실에 피해를 주는 해충인 담배가루이(Bemisia tabaci) 성충과 번데기의 밀도를 엽 당 해충 수로 2014년 조사하였다. 이항표본조사법은 엽 당 담배가루이 성충과 번데기의 밀도(m)와 담배가루이 성충과 번데기가 T마리보다 많이 존재하는 잎의 비율($P_T$)과의 관계를 기본으로 하며, T는 경험적 이항분포모형$(({\ln}(m)={\alpha}+{\beta}({\ln}(-{\ln}(1-P_T))))$에서의 tally threshold로서 본 연구에서는 성충의 경우 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 그리고 번데기는 1, 3, 5, 7을 사용하였다. 표본수 증감은 T와 관계없이 이항분포 모형의 정확도에 영향이 거의 없었다. 이항분포모형의 정확도는 성충의 경우 T=1 일 때, 번데기의 경우 T=3일 때 가장 높았으며, 최적의 tally threshold인 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 분석에 사용하지 않은 독립된 자료를 이용하여 개발된 표본조사법의 유효성을 Resampling Validation for Sampling Plan (RVSP) 프로그램으로 평가하였다. 그 결과 파프리카 온실에서 담배가루이 성충과 번데기의 밀도추정에는 T=1 (담배가루이 성충), T=3 (담배가루이 용)인 경우가 적합한 것으로 판단되었다.