• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2024

연구목적: 사업장 주변에 배출되는 화학물질의 양을 선정하여 대기확산 프로그램으로 농도를 예측하여 인근 주민들에게 영향을 정량적으로 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구방법: 연구물질의 선정은 반감기, 독성, 이용 가능한 측정소 자료의 유무를 고려하였다. 또한 연구대상물질에서 배출되는 지역을 연구대상 지역으로 선정하였으며, 유동인구가 있는 4개 지역을 선정하여 건강위해성을 평가하였다. 연구결과: AERMOD를 구동하기 위하여 지형 및 기상 처리를 실시 후 예측 농도를 구하였다. 위해성 평가 결과 어린이에서만 디클로로메탄이 초과되는 것으로 나타났으나, 테트라클로로에틸렌과 클로로포름은 어린이와 성인 모두 무시할 수 없는 수준으로 나타났다. 결론: 현재 국내 건강위해성평가는 "환경보건법"의 규정에 따라 위해지수가 일정 기준을 초과할 경우 위해성이 있는 것으로 간주된다. 향후 화학물질배출계획서 대상물질이 2030년에는 415종으로 확대되어 사업장에서 효율적인 관리가 필요함을 시사한다. 위해성 평가에서 위해성지수를 초과하는 경우 대기확산 모델링을 통해 배경농도와 예측농도를 고려하여 우선순위를 부여함으로써 화학물질 관리를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.881-884
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• 2004

The robust and large-area applicable metal shadow masks with a high aspect ratio more than 20 are fabricated by a combination of micro-electro-discharge machining (${\mu}$-EDM) and electro chemical etching (ECE). After defining S/D contacts using a 100 ${\mu}m$ thick stainless steel shadow mask, the top-contact pentacene TFTs with channel length of 5 ${\mu}m$ showed routinely the results of mobility of 0.498 ${\pm}$ 0.05 $cm^2$/Vsec, current on/off ratio of 1.6 ${times}$ $10^5$, and threshold voltage of 0 V. The straightly defined atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of channel area demonstrated that shadow effects caused by the S/D electrode deposition were negligible. The fabricated pentacene TFTs have an average channel length of 5 ${\pm}$ 0.25 ${\mu}m$.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2012

This paper describes a 150-Mb/s monolithic optical receiver for plastic optical fiber link using a standard CMOS technology. The receiver integrates a photodiode using an N-well/P-substrate junction, a pre amplifier, a post amplifier, and an output driver. The size, PN-junction type, and the number of metal fingers of the photodiode are optimized to meet the link requirements. The N-well/P-substrate photodiode has a 200-${\mu}m$ by 200-${\mu}m$ optical window, 0.1-A/W responsivity, 7.6-pF junction capacitance and 113-MHz bandwidth. The monolithic receiver can successfully convert 150-Mb/s optical signal into digital data through up to 30-m plastic optical fiber link with -10.4 dBm of optical sensitivity. The receiver occupies 0.56-$mm^2$ area including electrostatic discharge protection diodes and bonding pads. To reduce unnecessary power consumption when the light is not over threshold or not modulating, a simple light detector and a signal detector are introduced. In active mode, the receiver core consumes 5.8-mA DC currents at 150-Mb/s data rate from a single 3.3 V supply, while consumes only $120{\mu}W$ in the sleep mode.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2015

After the reversion of Okinawa (Ryukyu Islands) to Japan in 1972, extensive urban and agricultural development resulted in a significant increase in sediment discharge to coastal waters. The release of sediment has caused the degradation of freshwater and coastal ecosystems and biodiversity. A consideration for catchment-to-reef continua, as well as agricultural (socioeconomic) factors is necessary to establish proper land-based management plans for the conservation of the island environment. We have set up a framework to integrate biophysics and socioeconomics: 1) setting a conservation target and threshold, 2) identifying the sources and processes, and 3) examining cost-effectiveness and management priorities. The framework may be applicable to other tropical and subtropical islands with similar characteristics.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2015

Measuring the distances between signals in the signal space is usually determined by obtaining the ideal metric which is not easy to obtain. In this research we have investigated the scheme that measures the distances between the signals constructed with the measured voltage signals connected to electric apparatus using Kalman filter and exponential mapping. The metric is defined on the feature signals obtained via the estimation process of a Kalman filter and the mapping process using the exponential transformation. Diagnosis is on the voltage fluctuations is applied to determining whether the system is in the stable state or not due to the unexpected accidents, such as power overcharge, discharge, outages flow may be the cause of the accident. The decision making scheme evaluated with respect to the effectiveness and the degree of complication with different variances. Two methods, the Hard Limit Threshold Scheme(HLTS) and the Interval Energy Scheme(IES) are proposed and compared. In experiments the IES shows better tolerance to impulse noise than the HLTS.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2018

Partial discharges (PDs) are electrical sparks that occur inside insulation between two conducting electrodes and can lead to the disastrous failure of insulation systems. To determine the location of a PD, a distributed array of UHF PD sensors is used to detect the electromagnetic (EM) signals emitted from the PD source, and the localization of the PD source can be estimated using the time difference of arrival (TDOA) between EM signals captured by the UHF PD sensor array. There are four popular methods to estimate the TDOA-the first peak method, the cross-correlation method, the energy criterion method, and the average time window threshold method. In this work, we numerically investigate the influence of noise on estimating the TDOA for the four different methods. Numerical results show that the energy criterion method is more robust against noise than other methods.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2023

In this study, a neural network model inspired by a one-dimensional convolution U-net is developed to automatically accelerate edge localized mode (ELM) detection from big diagnostic data of fusion devices and increase the detection accuracy regardless of the hyperparameter setting. This model recognizes the input signal patterns and overcomes the problems of existing detection algorithms, such as the prominence algorithm and those of differential methods with high sensitivity for the threshold and signal intensity. To train the model, 10 sets of discharge radiation data from the KSTAR are used and sliced into 11091 inputs of length 12 ms, of which 20% are used for validation. According to the receiver operating characteristic curves, our model shows a positive prediction rate and a true prediction rate of approximately 90% each, which is comparable to the best detection performance afforded by other algorithms using their optimized hyperparameters. The accurate and automatic ELM-burst detection methodology used in our model can be beneficial for determining plasma properties, such as the ELM frequency from big data measured in multiple experiments using machines from the KSTAR device and ITER. Additionally, it is applicable to feature detection in the time-series data of other engineering fields.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.1181-1194
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 2015년에서 2017년 사이에 유럽항공우주국 Sentinel-1 위성이 촬영한 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) 영상을 활용하여 한강 유역 내 하천의 유량을 추정하는 모형을 개발하였다. 한강 유역 내 15개 중소규모 하천을 연구지역으로 선정하였으며 SAR 인공위성 영상 자료와 수위 및 유량관측소에서 산정한 유량 자료를 모형 구축을 위하여 사용하였다. 우선, 오류 보정을 위해 다양한 전처리 과정을 거친 12장의 SAR 영상을 히스토그램 매칭 기법을 적용하여 이미지의 밝기 분포를 동일하게 만들었다. 이후 임계치 분류방식을 사용하여 추출된 하천 수체의 면적과 지상 관측유량자료와의 관계식을 도출하여 유량추정모형을 구축하였다. 그 결과, 1개소를 제외한 14개 관측소에서 인공위성에서 추출한 하천 면적을 입력 자료로 하는 멱함수 형태의 유량추정모형을 구축할 수 있었다. 14개 관측소의 최소, 평균, 최대 결정 계수($R^2$)는 0.3, 0.8, 0.99로 나타났다.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2019

국내에 향후 건설 예정인 도체귀로형 HVDC ±500 kV Double Bipole 가공송전선로의 최적선로 형상을 설계하고 송전선로에서 발생되는 전기환경장해를 검증하기 위해 실증시험장을 구축하여 1년간 전기환경장해 평가시험을 수행하였다. 또한, HVDC Double Bipole 실선로에서 인체의 지표면 전계인지도 평가시험을 통해 HVDC 실규모 실증선로 직하에서 인체가 직류 전계를 감지하는 임계값을 조사하여 HVDC ±500 kV Double Bipole 가공송전선로의 직류전계 설계기준안의 타당성을 검증하였다. HVDC ±500 kV Double Bipole 시험선로의 극형상은 전기환경장해와 운영관점에서 동일한 극성을 대각으로 배치하였으며, 국내 가공송전선로의 전기환경장해의 사회적인 수용성을 고려하여 선로에서 코로나방전이 거의 발생되지 않도록 소도체 방식은 6 도체를 선정하였다. 도체귀로형 HVDC ±500 kV Double Bipole 가공송전선로 방식인 Cardinal×6B를 적용한 실증시험결과, 선로 도체에서 코로나 방전이 거의 발생되지 않았으며, 따라서 지표면 전계와 이온전류밀도는 모두 국내 가공송전선로 설계 기준값을 만족하였다. 또한 선로직하에서 피조사자들에 대한 전계 인지도 평가결과, 피조사자들의 70%는 23 kV/m에 노출되어도 직류전계를 인지하지 못하는 결과를 나타냈다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.587-599
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• 2002

Extracellular single unit recordings were made from the ventral posteromedial thalamic (VPM) nociceptive neurons to determine mechanoreceptive field (RF) and response properties. A total of 44 VPM thalamic nociceptive neurons were isolated from rats anesthetized with urethane-chloralose. Based on responses to various mechanical stimuli including touch, pressure and pinch applied to the RF, 32 of 44 neurons were classified as nociceptive specific (NS) neuron. The other 12 neurons, classified as wide dynamic range (WDR), showed a graded response to increasingly intense stimuli, with a maximum discharge to noxious pinch. The VPM nociceptive neurons showed various spontaneous activity ranged from 0-6 Hz. They were located throughout the VPM, and had an contralateral RF including mainly intraoral (and perioral) regions. The RF size was relatively small, and very few neurons had a receptive field involving 3 trigeminal divisions. The NS neurons activated only by pressure and pinch stimuli had high mechanical thresholds compared to WDR neurons activated also by touch stimuli. The VPM nociceptive neurons were tested with suprathershold graded mechanical stimuli. Most of 21 NS and 8 WDR neurons showed a progressive increase in number of spikes as mechanical stimulus intensity was increased. In some neurons, the responses reached a peak before the highest intensity was given. Application of 5 mM $CoCl_2{\;}(10{\;}{\mu}\ell)$ solution to the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis did not produce any significant changes in the spontaneous activity, RF size, mechanical threshold, and response to suprathreshold mechanical stimuli of 9 VPM nociceptive neurons tested. 17 of 33 VPM nociceptive neurons responded to noxious heat as well as noxious mechanical stimuli applied to their RF. Application of the mustard oil, a small-fiber excitant and inflammatory irritant, to the right maxillary first molar tooth pulp induced an immediate but short-lasting neuronal discharges upto approximately 4 min in 16 of 42 VPM nociceptive neurons. These results suggest that VPM thalamic nucleus may contribute to the sensory discriminative aspect of orofacial nociception.