• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.274-277
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• 1982

A Clinical analysis of 59 patients of thoracic empyema was done who were received surgical intervention at dept. of thoracic surgery of the C.A.F.G.H. in the period of 2.5 years from January 1979 to June 1982. Occurrence ratio of Left and Right side pleural cavity of empyema was 1: 1.4. The predisposing factors of empyema were pulmonary Tbc. [49%], Chest pain [25%], Cough [8%], in order. B.P.F. was associated with empyema in 5 cases. The pleural cavity empyema was treated with several surgical procedures and conservative measures. Among of the 59 cases, the 30 cases [50%] were treated with decortication, 12 cases [20%] with closed thoractomy drainage, 9 cases with frequent thoracenteses, 5 cases with partial decortication and thoracoplasty and 3 cases with open thoracostomy tube drainage. Among of the 59 cases thoracic empyema, the full recovery were in 32 cases [54%], partial recovery in 20 cases [34%], not improved in 3 cases [5%] and 3 cases were died. The mortality rate was 5% and the recovery rate was 89%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.82-88
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• 1979

During the past 3 years, 15 patients who could not be anesthetized generally because of poor general condition or cachecic state, of 111 patients with empyema, have been treated with modified Eloesser`s operation under the local anesthesia with 2% procaine. There were 13 males and 2 females ranging from 21 years to 61 years of age. The etiology was tuberculosis [6 cases], pyogenic pneumonia [5 cases], lung abscess [1 case], post-trauma [2 cases] and malignancy[1 case]. " The over-all mortality rate was 6.7%[1 case] and cause of its death was poor oral feeding because of post-traumatic psychosis. Modified Eloesser`s operation was performed after closed tube thoracostomy and irrigation with 1% zephanon solution for over 2 weeks. And then the other operation was not performed and all patients except 1 case appeared good progression (Complete healing; 4 cases, Progressive healing 10 cases, death: 1 case).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.47-60
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• 1974

During the past 10 years 114 patients with empyema have been treated in hospital of Chonnam University. There were 87 males and 27 females ranging from 20 days to 70 years of age. The etiology was pyogenic pneumonia in 36.7%, tuberculosis in 22.7%, paragonimiasis in 8.8%, post-thoracotomy in 5.4%, post-trauma in 4.4%, lung abscess in 3.5%, malignancy in 3.5%, post-esophageal operation in 1.8%, and sterile in 10.5%. The over-all mortality rate was 2% [3 patients]. The majority of deaths occurred in patients with associated systemic illness [liver cirrhosis in I, and renal tuberculosis in I] and resistant tuberculosis for anti-tuberculosis drugs in one patient. Adequate drainage and obliteration of the pleural space continues to be the most important aspect of treatment and can frequently be achieved by closed chest tube thoracostomy in acute empyema especially in children. The more chronic thick-walled or loculated cavities require open drainage [open window therapy], decortication, thoracoplasty, sterilization, and myoplasty for closure of tracheobronchial fistula.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.166-169
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• 1995

Pneumothorax, a frequently encountered disease in the clinic, has been interesting to surgeons for it`s high recurrence rate. 52 patients with a second attack of pneumothorax at our hospital in a 24 month period were evaluated especially for the risk factors of recurrence. The results were as follows:1. Patients after operative treatment[21 cases There were no postoperative complications and recurrence.2. Patients with tube drainage or conservative treatment [31 cases [i Overall recurrence rate was 45.2 %. [ii Suggestive risk factors for the recurrence were: age above 30 years, short period of thoracostomy less than six days. And other factors such as male, right lung, higher level of lung collapse were thought to be followed further more.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.951-953
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• 1995

A male 17-year-old boy was tranferred from a private hospital for persistent bilateral pleural effusion.The effusion was confirmed　as bilateral chylothorax by chest CT and lymphangiography. Persistent accumulation of the chylothorax was uncontrollable more 1000cc daily ever after pleuroperitoneal shunt operation and thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation at Rt. side. Chemical pleurodesis with OK 432 into pleural cavity through thoracostomy tube was attempted as 1.5 KE-3 KE diluted in 50ml of normal saline for 3 consecutive days resulted dramatic reduction of the drainage amount. Chemical pleurodesis with OK 432 appeared to be very helpful for management idiopathic bilateral chylothorax.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.105-107
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• 2011

Hiccups have more than 100 etiologies. The most common etiology has gastrointestinal origins, related mainly to gastric distention and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Intractable hiccups are rare but may present as a severe symptom of various diseases. Hiccups are mostly treated with non-invasive or pharmacological therapies. If these therapies fail, invasive methods should be used. Here, we present a patient on whom we performed a blockage of the phrenic nerve with the guidance of a nerve stimulator. The patient also had pneumothorax as a complication. Three hours after intervention, a tube thoracostomy was performed. One week later, the patient was cured and discharged from the hospital. In conclusion, a stimulator provides the benefit of localizing the phrenic nerve, which leads to diaphragmatic contractions. Patients with thin necks have more risk of pneumothorax during phrenic nerve location.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1975

Authors have reviewed the records of seven patients of multiple rib fractures with severe flail chest who were admitted to Hanyang University Hospital during the 3 years period from 1972 through 1975. Of the seven patients studied, automobile accidents led to the injuries in 4 cases, two patients were injured in fall from a tree and on the ox-heading. All who had a blunt trauma without any open wound on the chest. The numbers of the fractured ribs accounted for 6 to 9 of the ribs including double fractures from 3 to 5 ribs. The left side fractures occurred in the 6 patients and in the right only one patient. Thus the flail segment was more often located in the left antero-lateral position than in the right lateral position [the ratio was 6:1].. All cases had associated injuries. The injuries and multiple fractures were the most common associated injuries occurring in four and five of the patients respectively. The patients were classified as having associated head injuries when they were admitted in comatose or semicomatose state. When a major degree of instability of the thoracic cage exists, adequate respiratory change is not possible. For this reason the tracheostomy was performed in five patients in an acutely injured patient with flail chest only after an endotracheal tube has been inserted or after an endotracheal suction. All patients had secondary complications in the pleural cavity, such as hemothorax or hemopneumothorax with or without intrapulmonary hemorrhage and subcutaneous emphysema. Therefore, closed thoracostomy was performed in five patients in the emergency room. The thoracotomy was required in four patients: immediate operation without closed thoracostomy was performed in two patients and the thoracotomy was indicated in two patients after closed thoracostomy, because of increasing intrathoracic hemorrhage. As to the fixation of the flail segments, authors employed two techniques; one was towel clip traction of the flail segments and the other was intramedullary insertion of Kirschner`s wire in to the double fractured rib fragments for the fixation of the flail segments [Kirschner`s wire fixation]. Because` of an different results in the course of treatment between two techniques, data from patients with towel clip traction was compared with those from patients with thoracotomy and Kirschner`s wire fixation of the flail segments. Of the three patients with towel clip traction, two patients required bronchoscopic toilet due to lung atelectasis which developed because of inadequate motion of thoracic cage and poor expectoration. This was in contrast to the four patients with thoracotomy and Kirschner`s wire fixation, who didn`t these complication because of adequate motion of the thoracic cage and subsequent good expectoration.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2007

배경: 이 연구에서는 원발성 자연기흉 환자의 초 치료를 위해, 본 교실에서 2005년부터 사용하기 시작한 상품화된 8 Fr 흉부 배액 도관($Pleuracan^{(R)}$)의 효용성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 7월부터 2006년 7월까지 원발성 자연기흉으로 진단받고 흉관 삽입술을 시행한 환자 59명(72 예)을 대상으로 하였으며, 20 Fr 이상의 흉관을 사용한 군(Tube군, T군)과 $Pleuracan^{(R)}$을 사용한 군($Pleuracan^{(R)}$군, P군)으로 나누어 그 임상 경과를 후향적으로 비교하였다. 결과: 총 41예에서 $Pleuracan^{(R)}$을 삽입하였으나, 9.8% (4/41)에서 도관 기능 장애가 나타났고, 이 중 3예에서는 20 Fr이상의 흉관을 삽입하였다. 따라서 최종적으로 T군은 34예, P군은 38예였다. 두 군 사이에 흉관 거치 기간(T군: $2.1{\pm}1.5$일, P군: $2.1{\pm}1.3$일), 재원 일수(T군: $6.4{\pm}5.4$일, P군: $5.2{\pm}2.9$일), 합병증(T군: 3% (1/34, 출혈), P군: 0%) 등에는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 정주용 진통제 사용 환자는 P군이 60% (23/38)로 91%(31/34)인 T군에 비해 유의하게 적었다(p=0.003). 수술 얼이 흉관 삽입만으로 치료한 36예(T군: 17예, P군: 19예)만을 분석하였을 때도 동일한 결과를 얻었으며, 이 환자들에 있어 공기 누출 기간은 T군이 $0.5{\pm}0.7$일, p군이 $0.5{\pm}1.2$일로 차이가 없었고, P군의 84% (16/19)에서 폐의 재팽창을 얻어 94% (16/17)의 T군과 비교하여 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: $Pleuracan^{(R)}$은 20 Fr 이상의 흉관과 비교하여 그 효용성에 차이가 없어, 원발성 자연기흉의 초 치료에 사용될 수 있다고 생각한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.51-54
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• 2003

환자는 53세 남자로 식도 정맥류 파열로 Sengstaken-Blaceore관을 삽관하였다. Sengstaken-Blaccore관 삽관 이틀 후 좌측에 혈흉이 생겨 본원으로 전원되었다. 식도내시경 소견상 길이 8cm에 이르는 거대 흉부 식도 파열이 관찰되었다. 반복되는 식도 정맥류 출혈과 전신 상태의 악화 등으로 좌측 개흉술을 식도 파열 후 33 일째에 실시하였다 좌측 농흉과 8cm크기의 위아래로 파열된 식도를 관찰할 수 있었다. 파열부위는 변연절제 후 단순 봉합하고, 파열된 식도 부위의 위 아래 경계부위에서 각각 2cm 거리를 두고 비흡수성 스테플러(TA stapler 60 H 4.8)를 이용하여 배제시킨 뒤 흉관을 위치시켰다. 흉부 식도 배제술 6일 후 실시한 식도 조영술에서 위쪽 스테플링한 부위와 연하여 누출이 관찰되었다. 경부식도 배제술을 같은 방법으로 실시하였다. 환자는 파열된 흉부 식도 배제술 137일 후, 이차적인 식도 재건술없이 경구로 음식의 섭취가 가능하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권7호
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• pp.660-664
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• 2007

서 론 : 유로키나제는 폐렴을 동반한 흉수 환아에서 흉관삽입술로도 배액이 어려운 경우 흉막강내로 주입함으로서 치료에 도움을 줄 수 있는 약제로 알려져있으나 소아를 대상으로 하여 유로키나제 사용에 대한 연구는 적고 아직 그 안정성과 효용성에 대한 보고도 미미한 실정이며, 국내에서 소아를 대상으로 한 보고는 거의 없는 실정이다. 방 법 : 2002년부터 2006년 7월까지 흉수 치료로 폐쇄식 흉관 삽입술을 시행하고 흉부 초음파 및 CT상 격막형성이 관찰된 29명의 환아를 대상으로 하였다. 폐쇄식 흉관 삽입술 시행하고 유로키나제 사용한 군(A군, 14명)과 유로키나제를 사용하지 않은 대조군(B군, 15명)을 후향적으로 조사하여 Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test를 이용하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 총 29명 중 A군과 B 군의 성별, 연령에 있어서의 차이는 없었다. 폐쇄식 흉관 삽입 기간동안의 총 흉수 배액량은 두군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고(P=0.776), 흉관 삽관 후 첫째날의 배액량은 통계적인 유의한 차이는 없었으나 둘째날과 셋째날은 통계적으로 의의있게 A군에서 배액량이 많았다(Day 1; P=0.371, Day 2: P=0.049, Day 3: P=0.048, respectively). 발열 일수, 항생제 사용 일수, 총 흉관 삽관 기간, 총 입원일수는 양군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 치료 종결 후 늑막 비후를 보인 경우, 내과적 치료 실패하여 수술이 필요했던 경우, 흉관의 위치 조정이나 흉관의 재삽입이 필요했던 경우는 A 군에서 1명, B군에서는 8명으로 A 군에서 통계적으로 의의있게 합병증의 빈도가 낮았다(P=0.014). 결 론 : 유로키나제의 사용으로 초기 효율적인 흉수의 배액이 가능하였고 흉막의 비후, 수술적 치료가 필요한 경우 흉관의 재삽입 또는 위치조정이 필요한 경우 등의 빈도가 더 낮아 유로키나제가 격막 형성된 폐렴성 흉수 환아의 치료에 안전하고 유용한 방법이었다.