This study investigates the effects of third molar on the occlusal plane in Angle's class El malocclusion with possibilities of posterior crowding and the interrelationships of occlusal plane inclinations to other skeletal patterns. Above investigations might showed that considerations should be given to third molars with possibilities of posterior crowding in establishing diagnosis and treatment plans for Angle's class III malocclusion patients. The following conclusions were obtained 1. In events of third molars causing possible posterior crowding, maxillary third molars showed more mesial inclinations than second molars, and compared to those with third molar missing cases, first molars were more mesially inclined and displaced more inferiorly from the palatal plane and OP-MP was increase , thus the occlusal plane was less steep. 2. In events of third molars causing possible posterior crowding, the anglulation between AB line and mandibular plane was decreased and ANB showed negative values. Thus chin points were more protruded, ramus were more anteriorly displaced, and increase in lower facial height, genial angle, effective mandibular length and mandibular plane angle were observed. This in all caused more vertical opening and more severe skeletal disturbance. 3. OP-MP was increased as the maxillary first molars were more inferiorly displaced from the palatal plane. As this angle was increased mandibular planes were more inferiorly inclined and LFH, genial angle, effective mandibular length were more increased and mandibular ramus was more anteriorly placed. 4. As the maxillary first molars were more inferiorly placed from the palatal plane, more increased OP-MP/PP-MP ratio made the occlusal plane less steep. As OP-MP/PP-MP was increased, mandibular ramus was more anteriorly placed and made longer, and facial angle and effective mandibular length were increased.
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
/
v.12
no.1
/
pp.57-61
/
1982
The author has made a study on the classification of the mandibular 3rd molars of Korean youths through dental radiography by means of Pell & Gregory's classification and on the prevalence of the dental caries of distal surface of the mandibular 2nd molar adjacent to the mandibular 3rd molars turned anteriorly. The results are as follow; 1. It was found that the largest case number was class I (272 cases, 52.9%) in the relation of the tooth to the ramus of the mandible and 2nd molar. 2. The mesio-angular position was the largest number (239 cases, 46.5%) in the relation of the long axis of the impacted mandibular 3rd molar to the long axis of the 2nd molar. 3. The mesio-angular position of class I was the largest number (140 cases, 27.2 %) in the relation of the tooth to the ramus of the mandible and 2nd molar and the long axis of the impacted mandibular 3rd molar to the long axis of the 2nd molar. 4. The average angle of the long axis of mandibular 3rd molar in mesioangular position or horizontal position to the occlusal plane was 143° 5. Mandibular 3rd molar with lesion such as dental caries or pericoronitis was 73 cases (14.2). 6. The caries incidence rate of the distal surface of the 2nd molar was about 3.1%.
Song, Min Sun;Kang, Chung-Min;Song, Je Seon;Choi, Hyung-Jun;Kim, Seong-Oh
Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
/
v.49
no.1
/
pp.35-44
/
2022
The aim of this study is to evaluate the development of the left mandibular third-molar development with modified Demirjian method and its relation to chronological age. A total of 1653 digital panoramic radiographs of healthy individuals aged between 7 and 23 years who visited Yonsei University Dental hospital were selected. The developmental status of the left mandibular third molars was assessed using dental maturity scoring proposed by Demirjian et al. The mean age of the first appearance of mineralization, complete crown formation, and complete root formation were around 9, 14, 21 years respectively. Statistically significant differences between males and females in the development stage of D and G were revealed that crown formation and root length completion were attained earlier in males than in females. There was significant positive relationship between age and third molar development in both sexes, and new formula was presented to estimate age of children and adolescents based on their developmental stages of third molars. In this study, the use of left mandibular third molar as a developmental marker is appropriate, and age estimation can be attained with dental maturity stage.
Purpose: This study evaluated the association between cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiographs in the assessment of a superimposed relationship between the mandibular canal and impacted third molars. Materials and Methods: The study samples consisted of 175 impacted third molars from 131 patients who showed a superimposed relationship between the mandibular canal and third molars on panoramic radiographs and were referred for the examination of the mandibular canal with CBCT. Panoramic images were evaluated for the darkening of the root and the interruption of the mandibular canal wall. CBCT images were used to assess the buccolingual position of the mandibular canal relative to the third molar, the proximity of the roots to the canal, and lingual cortical bone loss. The association of the panoramic and CBCT findings was examined using a Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results: Panoramic radiographic signs were statistically associated with CBCT findings (P<0.01). In cases of darkening roots, lingual cortical bone loss or buccally positioned canals were more frequent. In cases in which the mandibular canal wall was interrupted on panoramic radiographs, contact or lingually positioned canals were more frequent. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that contact between the mandibular third molar and canal and a lingually positioned canal could be more frequently observed in cases of the interruption of the white line of the mandibular canal and that there could be more lingual cortical loss in cases of darkening roots.
Mi Hyun Seo;Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish;Mi Young Eo;Hoon Myoung;Soung Min Kim
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
v.49
no.4
/
pp.192-197
/
2023
Objectives: Surgical extraction of maxillary third molars is routine in departments devoted to oral and maxillofacial surgery. Because maxillary third molars are anatomically adjacent to the maxillary sinus, complications such as oroantral fistula and maxillary sinusitis can occur. Here we explore the factors that can cause radiographic postoperative swelling of the maxillary sinus mucosa after surgical extraction. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the clinical records and radiographs of patients who underwent maxillary third-molar extraction. Preoperative panoramas, Waters views, and cone-beam computed tomography were performed for all patients. The patients were divided into two groups; those with and those without swelling of the sinus mucosa swelling or air-fluid level in a postoperative Waters view. We analyzed the age and sex of patients, vertical position, angulation, number of roots, and relation to the maxillary sinus between groups. Statistical analysis used logistic regression and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 91 patients with 153 maxillary third molars were enrolled in the study. Variables significantly related to swelling of the maxillary sinus mucosa after surgical extraction were the age and the distance between the palatal cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the maxillary sinus floor (P<0.05). Results of the analysis show that the relationship between the CEJ and sinus floor was likely to affect postoperative swelling of the maxillary sinus mucosa. Conclusion: Maxillary third molars are anatomically adjacent to the maxillary sinus and require careful handling when the maxillary sinus is pneumatized to the CEJ of teeth.
Purpose : This article is to describe a modified device for intraoral radiography which was developed to obtain reproducible radiographic images for assessment of distal osseous defects of the mandibular second molar (2 Mm) after impacted third molar (3 Mm) surgery. Materials and Methods : A commercial available alignment system for posterior region was modified by adding a reference gauge pin (millimetric) and threading a hollow acrylic cylinder at the ring of the radiographic positioner to attach the X-ray collimator. The design included customized resin acrylic stent for the occlusal surface of the 2Mm in maximum intercuspal position, individualizing the biteblock positioner. Periapical radiographs were taken before and after surgical extraction of 3 Mm, employing the radiographic technique of parallelism described by Kugelberg (1986) with this modified film holder and inserting the gauge pin on the deepest bone probing depth point. Results : This technique permitted to obtain standardized periapical radiographs with a moderate to high resolution, repeatability, and accuracy. There was no difference between the measurements on the pre- and post-operative radiographs. This technique allowed better maintenance of the same geometric position compared with conventional one. The insertion of the gauge pin provided the same reference point and localized the deepest osseous defect on the two-dimensional radiographs. Conclusion : This technique allowed better reproducibility in posterior radiographic records (distal surface of 2 Mm) and more accurate measurements of radiographic bone level by the use of a millimetric pin.
Kim, Jong-Bae;Yoo, Jae-Ha;Moon, Seon-Jae;Kim, Seung-Beom
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
v.27
no.6
/
pp.560-564
/
2001
The experienced surgeon can be surprised & challenged by the hazards of active bleeding during oral & maxillofacial surgical procedure, because of alterations in the surgical anatomy, bleeding disorders and surgical intervention of infected tissues. This is a report of two cases of active bleeding during surgical extraction of mandibular third molar, that had the pericoronitis, osteitis and adjacent neurovascular bundle in its apex. When the abrupt active bleeding was occurred during surgical extraction of mandibular third molar, pressure packing by hemostatie agent(bone wax) & wet gauze biting were applied into the extraction socket during 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the wound was explored about the bleeding and active bleeding was then continued. In spite of repeated bleeding control method of the pressure dressing, the marked hemorrhage was generated continuously. Therefore, the author decised the bleeding as immediately uncontrollable hemorrhage and the pressure dressing was again applied for the more longer duration without wound closure. After 3 days, the pressure dressing was removed and iodoform gauze drainge was then established without the bleeding. The drain was changed as the interval of 3~5 days for prevention of infection & secondary hemorrhage and relatively good wound healing was then resulted in 6 weeks.
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
v.29
no.3
/
pp.157-162
/
2003
Background : The surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar can result in considerable pain, swelling, and dysfunction that patient are incapable of work for several days. Factors contributing to post operative swelling, trismus and pain are complex. There is no question but that the procedure of surgically removing an impacted mandibular third molar is inherently a traumatic one and that some sequelae related to the inflammation response are expected. Meticulous surgical technique will minimize the sequelae of inflammation but will not prevent them. In an effort to minimize these sequelae the use of steroid was instituted. Patients and Methods : Present study was to investigate the effect of one preoperative steroid injection in the masseter muscle to the patients(male 9, female 11) who needed prophylactic removal of bilateral, symmetrical, impacted wisdom teeth in the mandible on the complaint like swelling, trismus and pain. through Double-Blind test. Results : 1. After 24 hours investigation, preoperative steroid injection had significantly reduced swelling with 39% and trismus with 57.5%. 2. $7^{th}$ post operative day investigation, reduced swelling and trismus had shown, however, not significant. 3. There wasn't major difference from the group who took preve-ntive steroid in the visual analogue scale, the first analgesic intake time and the pain period. 4. There wasn't any adverse reaction of steroid for 20 patient From the above result, If the patients are not contraindication to steroid and pronounced post operative reaction can be expected the use of steroid to the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar is recommended.
Bolk's so-called retromolar was found on the distal part of the upper third molar of adult male. The molar has a single short root and a tooth crown with five Cusps.
Alrashdan, Mohammad S.;Park, Jong-Chul;Lee, Ju-Hwan;Yoo, Myung-Sook;Pang, Kang-Mi;Kim, Soung-Min;Lee, Jong-Ho
Journal of Korean Dental Science
/
v.2
no.2
/
pp.46-52
/
2009
Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance of antibiotics in reducing postoperative infection rates and other complications following third molar surgery. Patients and methods : Two groups of patients underwent surgical extraction of third molars. The antibiotics group, n=21, received a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic for 5 days, starting from the day of surgery. The non-antibiotics group, n=26, didn't receive any antibiotics and only received analgesics to control postoperative pain. Body temperature and hematologic findings including WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes counts were compared between the two groups at three intervals, preoperatively, 24 hours and 7-10 days postoperatively. Pain and swelling during the follow up period were also recorded in both groups and compared in the second part of the study. Results : In the first part of the study, comparison of body temperature, CBC components (except WBCs) showed no significant difference between the two groups during the follow up period. All parameters were within the normal range at all intervals, which indicated absence of infection. In the second part, 38% of patients in the antibiotic group, compared to 54% of the non-antibiotics group, had one or more complications during the follow up period. However, three patients from the antibiotic group compared to one from the nonantibiotics group reported having a swelling of some degree. Conclusion : Based on our objective parameters (body temperature and CBC components), both groups showed no signs of infection during the follow up period. However, the results related to pain and swelling were less conclusive, probably due to small number of patients included in the study. Accordingly, we are unable to provide definite recommendations on antibiotics use in third molar surgery.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.