• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.295-305
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• 2022

In the modern artificial intelligence society, the goal of education is to cultivate convergent talents who can adapt well to and lead the artificial intelligence society. The core competency required of convergent future talents is to be able to understand and create software well. In this respect, algorithmic education is very important. Therefore, in this study, an algorithm education program was developed to improve convergent thinking ability. The effectiveness was verified through the paired samples t-test by conducting a pre-post test of convergent thinking ability, and it was found that students' convergent thinking ability was significantly improved in the areas of algorithm knowledge and function.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.329-341
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of instructional strategies using the process of procedural thinking in elementary science classes on students' computational thinking and creative problem solving ability. For this purpose, instructional strategies using the process of procedural thinking for science class were developed and applied. The objects of this study were 6th graders from an experimental class (29 students) and a comparative class (29 students) at S elementary school in Gimpo City. The results of the study are as follows: First, as a result of examining the difference in the computational thinking ability between experimental group and comparative group, the experimental group scored higher than the comparative group, but there was no statistically significant difference. Second, the creative problem solving ability of the experimental group after applying this program was higher, and statistically significant differences were observed (p < .05).

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1087-1102
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of reflective thinking facilitation program on reflection areas and its levels that pre-service science teachers present in the class teaching practice during the student-teaching period. Seven pre-service science teachers participated in this study and only four pre-service science teachers among them were additionally trained with the reflective program. Reflections of pre-service science teachers were mostly shown on class management, including attention and motivation, reflection and improvement for teaching activities, and interactions. However, the understanding of the science curricula and their reconstruction, and advance notice about the next class were not mentioned in their reflections. Pre-service science teachers who participated in the additional reflective program have shown more frequent reflections than those who only participated in the traditional student-teaching program. Pre-service science teachers, not trained with the reflective program, mostly showed descriptive reflection. However, those who participated in the reflective program have shown higher levels of reflections such as dialogic as well as the descriptive reflection. Therefore, pre-education program, reflective journal-writings, and science teachers' assessments on class and their feedback seem to improve the frequency and level of reflection for the pre-service science teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 2014

In this research, a subject substitute STEAM program was developed in context of a trend of STEAM education and a new science contents in a 2009 revised curriculum, which can replace the 2009 revised curriculum contents of 'Sound' unit in the third and the fourth grade. The developed program was taught to the 4th graders in a field. After applying the program, how students acknowledge the subject substitute STEAM program was analyzed through questionnaire. The research results were as follows. First, the subject substitute STEAM program of 3 sub programs was developed with centered around 'sound' unit for 4th graders. Second, students made a positive estimation of the STEAM program because of various activities and learning subject related to daily life. Third, they considered difficult term, necessary craft skills in creative design, understanding scientific principle and a lot of necessary time as difficulties of the STEAM program. And they also recognized that making stuff activity and learning aid material like activity sheet, picture and video helped to understand a lesson. Lastly, students had a positive thinking or negative thinking about STEAM program before they learn. But after learning the STEAM program, all of them showed their positive attitude to the STEAM program.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify thinking strategies in the complicated decision-making process based on real patient-based data of triage nurses in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This study used the 'think aloud' method to collect data from 8 triage nurses from one general hospital ED in South Korea. The data were analyzed with protocol analysis using thinking strategies. Results: The triage process was divided into three stages. The first stage consisted of 8 thinking strategies, including searching for information. They used intuition based on directly observed concepts for identifying a crisis. The second stage consisted of 17 thinking strategies related to the decision-making process. They assessed patients and generated a hypothesis to try to understand their health problems through analytic thinking. The third stage consisted of 10 thinking strategies, including qualifying. They considered the situation of the ED and properly triaged the patients. During the triage process, they frequently used judging the value and searching for information on 17 thinking strategies. Conclusions: Triage nurses demonstrated various connected thinking strategies for each stage. Based on our results, further studies should be done to develop a triage education program.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.282-290
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• 2008

The Research and Education (R&E) program was a year-long, apprenticeship and research-based program that was guided by mentors who are scientists or science teachers. The objective of the R&E program was to help scientifically gifted students in Korea Science Academy (KSA) and Science High Schools (SHS) to enhance abilities in creative thinking, scientific inquiry, problem solving, positive attitude towards scientists, and promoting cooperative research and interests in science and technology. In this study, the impact of the R&E program on the goals of 182 gifted college students in KAIST was evaluated using Likert-type items and multiple-choice method approach that provided a more comprehensive evaluation of the program's impact on science attitudes, creative thinking, scientific inquiry, and interests in science and technology. The results indicated a positive impact on cooperative research, gaining knowledge on the research topic, attitude towards scientists, interest in science and technology, scientific inquiry, and creative thinking in that order. There were rather remarkable and meaningful differences in science inquiry (p<.05), and scientific knowledge (p<.01), between the two groups of KAIST freshmen who came from SHS and KSA in 2006. Implications for science apprenticeship or a research-based mentorship program and their respective evaluations are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2020

This study aimed to develop an HTE (It is an abbreviation for Here, There, and Everywhere) STEAM program combining with the use of an analogy in a middle school subject unit 'the solar system' and realize creative education for intelligent information society through a process of verifying the effectiveness of the program. For reference, the program was applied to 354 students in the first grade of two middle schools in South Korea - one was A middle school in Sejong City, the other B middle school in Pyeongtaek City. The STEAM program was revised and made up for the weak points for three times by a group of experts, and then it got verified for validity. The final version of the program was applied to middle school education sites in Korea for six periods in total. In other to confirm the effectiveness, two types of tests - logical thinking ability test and STEAM attitude test - were conducted before and after the program treatment. On top of that, the STEAM satisfaction test was also implemented in order to explore the students' recognition of the program after the program treatment. The results of this study were as follows. First, it turned out the STEAM program using the analogy was effective in improving the students' logical thinking ability. Second, the STEAM program blended with the analogy was also effective in improving the students' STEAM attitude. Third, the students' recognition of the STEAM program using the analogy was quite positive, and the program was efficacious in intriguing the students' interests in science. Judging from the results of the program, the students' satisfaction with the classes they take will be expected to be higher if the STEAM program is implemented in the next-term classes with more sufficient time.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.499-511
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• 2019

The preceding study of this study developed puzzle-based computer science education programs to enhance the computational thinking of elementary school students over 1 to 3 times. The preceding study then applied such programs into the field, categorized the effects of education into CT creativity and CT cognitive ability to improve the education programs. Based on the results of these preceding studies, the hierarchical Bayesian inference modeling was performed using age and CT thinking ability as parameters. From the results, this study predicted the effectiveness of puzzle-based computer science education programs in middle and high schools and proposed major improvement areas and directions for puzzle-based computer science education programs that are to be deployed in the future throughout middle and high schools.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to explore clinical competence and factors related to competence in nursing students. Methods: Data were collected using structured questionnaires from 210 students in three different schools located in D, B and P metropolitan cities, Korea. Data were using PASW (SPSS) 18.0 program, and included t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations coefficients, and multiple regression analyses. Results: There were positive correlations between clinical competence and ego-resilience (r=.40. p<.001), critical thinking dispositions (r=.58, p<.001), and self-leadership (r=.14, p=.043). Variables such as critical thinking dispositions, ego-resilience, satisfaction with clinical practice education, health status and academic performance explained 48% of variance in clinical competence. Conclusion: According to the above results, a specific education program for clinical competence of student nurses is needed to increase critical thinking dispositions, ego-resilience, satisfaction with clinical practice education, health status and academic performance.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2016

It is necessary for us to be equipped with problem-solving ability, logical thinking ability, and convergence thinking ability in the digital information age. To have these abilities, modern people in the $21^{st}$ century should be educated to develop the computational thinking ability. However, it is difficult to cultivate the computational thinking ability in current computer education curriculum. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a programming-based computer educational program to make students better understand the principles of computer science and enhance student's computational thinking ability escaping from current fragmentary and limited computer education. In order to verify the effectiveness of the educational program, students in total 42 middle school (22 students in 1st and 2nd grades and 20 in 3rd grade) were applied to the educational program for twenty-four hours on 12 weeks and then we obtained a positive result that might bring improvement on the logical thinking ability and creative problem-solving skills. As a result, this study presents the possibility of its field applications of computational thinking-based programming learning and analyzed the effectiveness. therefore, it has a notable point of presenting the development direction of a variety of education programs for enhancing the computational thinking in the future.