• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2012

Kruithof demonstrated the preferred combination of illuminance levels and color temperatures. However, as Benett pointed out, difference of themal variables in such preference may be expected. The purpose of this study is to clarify the combined effects of lighting conditions(illuminance, color temperature), operative temperature on the human physiological and psychological responses. In order to observe operative temperature change in preference of color temperatures for three illumination levels, three subjects were exposed to two different conditions of color temperatures of 2,850K, 4,200K and 6,850K combined with operative temperatures(OT) of $25{\sim}31^{\circ}C$ at 100~1000lx. Thermal sensation vote and comfortable sensation vote, brightness perception vote were reported in each experiment conditions. The following results were obtained : 1) When illuminace level was at 100lx in operative temperatures of OT $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, Color temperature affect not themal sensation but Warm-cool sensation. 2) Operative temperatures affect not brightness perception vote but visual comfort sensation vote, satisfactive sensation vote, warm-cool sensation vote and themal sensation vote.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 1998

Hot and humid weather in summer generally brings about discomfort. Experiments on which relative humidity makes effects on the comfort sensation were performed to the young and the aged using sensation vote. From July to October 1996, seven college students and eleven aged people were exposed for 2 hours under six different conditions in the Pukyong National University test chamber so as to determine the effects of relative humidity on thermal and comfort sensations. Subjects were wearing same clothes, and the mean clo value was 0.5. The mean radiant temperature was equal to the air temperature and air velocity in the occupied zone around 0.lm/s. In the experiments, it was found that discomfort could be largely reduced when the humidity is controlled to low values in the settled high temperature.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to analyse the distribution of thermal sensation response and thermal environment condition in convective heating space. The contents of this study are as follows: 1)the spatial distributions of thermal conditions are measured 2)the thermal sensation vote of residents is taken in order to investigate the relation between thermal condition and human thermal sensation in sedentary condition 3)to analyse the distribution of subject's thermal sensation vote and thermal environment condition by two methods-regression method and graph method.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.310-318
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• 1995

In this study, indoor thermal parameters were measured to investigate the characteristics of thermal environments and 138 occupants were questioned to evaluate Korean thermal comfort in office building in winter. Thermal sensation was estimated by using PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) and ET*(New Effective Temperature) indices. Comparing present experimental result with international standards and that of other research, Korean thermal responses were discussed. Seasonal difference between summer and winter was also discussed. It was found that TSV(Thermal Sensation Vote) is more sensitive than PMV to the variation of temperature and that the measured percentage of dissatisfied is higher than PPD(Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) in real office building environments. By regression analysis, the following regression equation has been obtained; TSV=0.432ET*-8.814 and neutral temperature is $20.4^{\circ}C$ in this case. Thermal comfort range based on 80% satisfaction is also $19.4{\sim}22.4^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.341-352
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• 1995

In this study, thermal parameters were measured and 213 occupants were also questioned in three office buildings located in Seoul during the summer season. Predicted mean vote-predicted percentage of dissatisfied(PMV-PPD) and standard new effective temperature(SET*) were used for evaluating Korean thermal sensation. The distribution of thermal sensation vote(TSV) and percentage of dissatisfied(PD) is very similar to that of PMV and PPD. By regression analysis, the following regression equation was obtained; TSV=0.339SET*-8.583. In this case, neutral temperature and comfort range are $25.3^{\circ}C$, $23.8{\sim}26.8^{\circ}C$ respectively. Present experimental results obtained from the field study is less sensitive to the temperature change than those obtained from the climate chamber study in Korea. But, thermal sensations are similar to each other near the neutral point. The neutral temperature and comfort range obtained by this experiment are higher than those of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-1974 about $1.4{\sim}1.8^{\circ}C$.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to analyze and characterize the correlation of the thermal comfort sensation with physiological responses for men in winter indoor environment. A number of experiments were conducted under twenty different environmental conditions with college male students. Clinical information on each participant was reported in terms of electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG) and self-centered evaluation. The comfort zone in winter is found, throughout the study, at Standard New Effective Temperature (SET$T^+$) of 25.2$^{\circ}C$, Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) between 0.27 and 0.62, and Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) in the range of -0.76 and 0.36. The largest difference in skin temperature is measured at the calf area with respect to air temperature changes. Skin sensitivity to environment temperature is explained as calf, head, chest and abdomen in descending order. Change in heat rate is analyzed to be in parallel with that of SET$T^+$.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.368-377
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine theory about indoor thermal comfort-environment as well as to determine thermal sensation and physiological responses for men in summer indoor environment, under various air temperature and relative humidity, with male university students. Subjective Evaluation, Heart Rate(Electrocardiogram), Electroencephalogram(EEG) were examined. We found that comfort of people was achieved at SE $T^{*}$ 24.7$^{\circ}C$, -0.82＜PMV＜0.93, subject's clothing(0.41c1o)and the difference of skin temperature was found at the calf area as air temperature changes. At low SE $T^{*}$, heart rate was decreased and at high SE $T^{*}$, heart rate was increased but there was no change EEG(keeping $\alpha$-wave).wave).

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.721-731
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• 1998

Recently, many researchers are studying the relation between thermal environment and human comfort. The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data which are necessary to determine the thermal comfort sensation and physiological responses for men in winter indoor environment. From January to February 1998, subject experiment was 40 times proceeded under twenty different conditions of air temperature and relative humidity with early-twenty male university students. We examined subjective evaluation, Electrocardiogram(ECG), Electroencephalogram(EEG) of subjects. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : The comfort zone of people in winter was achieved at Standard new effective temperature($SET^*$) $ 25.2^{\circ}C$, PMV range was obtained by Fanger's statistical calculation was －0.27＜PMV＜＋0.62, TSV range obtained subjects vote was －0.76＜TSV＜＋0.36. The largest difference of skin temperature was found at the calf area as air temperature changes. vote rate of human body presented calflongrightarrowheadlongrightarrowforearmlongrightarrowchestlongrightarrowabdo men in turn. Heart rate was decreased at low $SET^*$ and heart rate was increased at high $SET^*$ But there was no change at EEG.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.206-217
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• 1994

In this study, indoor thermal parameters were measured to investigate the characteristics of thermal environments and 212 occupants were questioned to evaluate Korean thermal comfort in office building in summer. Thermal and comfort sensations were estimated using PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) and ET* (New Effective Temperature) which are most widely used nowadays. Comparing this experimental result with international standards and that of other research, Korean thermal responses were discussed. It was found that TSV(Thermal Sensation Vote) is more sensitive than PMV to the variation of temperature and that the measured percentage of dissatisfied is higher than PPD(Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) in real office building environments. By regression analysis, the following regression equation has been obtained: TSV=0.461ET*-11.808 and neutral temperature is $25.6^{\circ}C$ in this case. Thermal comfort range based on 80% satisfaction is also $24.0{\sim}26.8^{\circ}C$, which is about $1^{\circ}C$ higher than that of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2015

This study has been purposed to provide thermal comfort range in accordance with the residential style of radiant floor heating space, and to compare it with the thermal comfort range at predicted mean vote. The survey for the thermal sensation vote to the subjects and the measurement of environmental factors has been executed, and regression analysis has been performed. It is interpreted that the combination of the physical factor and the psychological factor results lower neutral point of the floor sitting style than that of the chair sitting style. There are some difference between the measured predicted mean vote and the thermal sensation vote via survey, which appears to be caused by distinctive heat transfer characteristic of floor radiant heating space, such as, high radiant temperature and contact thermal sensation of floor surface.